ABSTRACT
Vincent Clovis began his carrier as a neurologist and finally became neurosurgeon at an advanced age. He is considered the founder of French neurosurgery, and after Harvey Williams Cushing, Europe's first neurosurgeon. He was mainly interested in pituitary tumors, in cerebral abscesses and in cerebral oedema.
Subject(s)
Brain Abscess/history , Brain Edema/history , Faculty, Medical/history , Neurology/history , Neurosurgery/history , Pituitary Neoplasms/history , Brain Abscess/surgery , Brain Edema/surgery , Europe , France , History, 20th Century , Humans , International Cooperation/history , Military Medicine/history , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , United States , World War IABSTRACT
This experimental study was designed to investigate the responses of renal function to elevated intravesical pressure. Ten male New Zealand type rabbits were used. A supravesical ureterocutaneous urinary diversion was performed in all rabbits to disconnect bladder and kidneys and to ensure a free urine flow. Two parameters of renal function were measured simultaneously: urine output by simple collection and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by total plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA. Measurements were performed initially with the bladder empty and then with intravesical pressure 60 cm H2O. A significant decrease in urine output and in GFR was observed in all rabbits when the bladder was overdistended. Urine output returned to the initial levels after relief of the increased intravesical pressure. The results suggest that for these responses a vesicorenal reflex activated by the elevated intravesical pressure is responsible.
Subject(s)
Kidney/physiology , Urinary Bladder/physiology , Animals , Chromium Radioisotopes , Edetic Acid , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney Function Tests , Male , Pressure , Rabbits , Urine , UrodynamicsABSTRACT
This experimental study was designed to investigate the possibility of an interaction between elevated intravesical pressure and urinary sodium excretion. Fourteen male New Zealand rabbits were used. After performing a ureterocutaneous diversion, urinary sodium excretion was measured in two situations: with the bladder empty and with the bladder overdistended and an intravesical pressure of 60 cm H2O. There was a significant decrease in urinary sodium excretion at an elevated intravesical pressure. The urinary sodium excretion returned to normal after relief of the pressure. The results suggest the existence of a neurogenic pathway activated by the elevated intravesical pressure.
