ABSTRACT
Nicotine e-cigarettes are a safe and effective way to help patients stop smoking.
Subject(s)
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Smoking Cessation , Humans , Smoking Cessation/methods , Vaping/adverse effects , Tobacco Use Cessation Devices , Smoking/adverse effects , Smoking/epidemiologyABSTRACT
In hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a less aggressive supplemental insulin regimen is noninferior to a standard, more aggressive, supplemental regimen.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Insulin , Humans , Insulin/therapeutic use , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Blood Glucose , Drug Administration Schedule , Inpatients , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , HospitalizationABSTRACT
While treatment with metformin or lifestyle modification reduces risk for T2D in patients with prediabetes, neither intervention ultimately offers a mortality benefit.
Subject(s)
Metformin , Prediabetic State , Humans , Prediabetic State/diagnosis , Prediabetic State/therapy , Behavior Therapy , Life Style , Metformin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
YES. Low-dose naltrexone is as effective as amitriptyline in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy and has a superior safety profile (strength of recommendation [SOR], B; single randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Low-dose naltrexone significantly reduced pain by 32% in inflammatory conditions and 44% in neuropathic conditions (SOR, B; single retrospective cohort study). Doses as low as 5.4 mg were found to reduce pain in 95% of patients with fibromyalgia (SOR, B; single prospective dose-response study).
Subject(s)
Fibromyalgia , Naltrexone , Humans , Naltrexone/therapeutic use , Pain Management , Amitriptyline , Fibromyalgia/drug therapy , PainABSTRACT
NO. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) does not prevent cognitive decline in postmenopausal women-and in fact, it may slightly increase risk (strength of recommendation, A; systematic review, meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], and individual RCT).
Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction , Postmenopause , Female , Humans , Cognitive Dysfunction/prevention & control , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Yes, patients should do just that. In a randomized clinical trial, symptom duration was reduced when teens and young adults observed a certain screen-time hiatus.
Subject(s)
Athletic Injuries , Brain Concussion , Post-Concussion Syndrome , Young Adult , Adolescent , Humans , Post-Concussion Syndrome/diagnosis , Athletic Injuries/diagnosis , Time Factors , ElectronicsABSTRACT
During the COVID-19 pandemic, providers and patients explored the use of telehealth on a wide and rapid scale. Reflecting on how prenatal providers and pregnant patients used telehealth during the pandemic and afterward, we review existing and new lessons learned from the pandemic. This article summarizes international and national guidelines on prenatal care, presents practice examples on how telehealth and remote patient monitoring were used during the COVID-19 pandemic, and offers lessons learned and suggestions for future care.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Telemedicine , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Pandemics , Prenatal Care , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
YES. Infants respond to behavioral interventions, although objective data are limited. Behavioral interventions include establishing regular daytime and sleep routines for the infant, reducing environmental noises or distractions, and allowing for self-soothing at bedtime (strength of recommendation: B, based on multiple randomized and nonrandomized studies).
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy , Sleep , Child , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
Obtain greater accuracy in blood pressure measurement with an automated office device.
Subject(s)
Automation/statistics & numerical data , Blood Pressure Determination/instrumentation , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/instrumentation , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/diagnosis , Sphygmomanometers/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , United StatesABSTRACT
NO. Insulin glargine may lead to less patient-reported, symptomatic, and nocturnal hypoglycemia, although overall, there may not be a difference in the risk for severe hypoglycemia orhypoglycemiarelated emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], individual RCTs, and observational study).
