Methylation dependent microRNA 1285-5p and sterol carrier proteins 2 in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the severe metabolic diseases found in all types of people's lives in lower, middle and high income countries. It is suggested that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing in many countries and most of the cases are type 2 DM, clinical treatments are changing now to manage type 2 DM, however, up-to-date, there is no diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target for type 2 DM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is one of a non-protein coding RNAs that have been regulating a wide range cellular processes and induce the development of many diseases. Most of the researchers concluded that miRNAs involvement is an important process in a broad range of signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, migration, apoptosis and gene or protein expressions. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are the best source of coding and non-coding sequences for the identification of miRNAs. Although DNA methylation is an important mechanism for miRNAs up-regulation, this has not been highly explored in type 2 DM. The present study is useful to elucidate the molecular mechanism of MiR-1285-5p in type 2 DM and its role in disease progression and we discovered miR-1285 as a novel prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic target for type 2 DM.

MicroRNA21 and the various types of myeloid leukemia.

Myeloid leukemia (ML) is heterogeneous cancer classified by abnormal growth of myeloid cells due to genetic aberrations and mutations. It is generally categorized by clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells and differentiation. The molecular mechanism behind the myeloid malignancies is not yet known, but recent sequencing analysis reveals all the mutated factors. As we know that there is currently no compromise on therapy for such types of malignancies and at the present painful process like chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not effective for the treatment of ML, so there is an urgent need to develop a non-invasive biomarker for different types of ML. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) is a small non-coding RNAs that have been involved in a wide range of biological function and it is the main cause of the manifestation of many diseases. Among the reported MiRNAs, MIR-21 is considered to be an important MiRNA, which is frequently elevated in many types of types of cancer, suggesting that it plays an important role in cancer progressions. So far, there is no paper that signifies the role of miR-21 in all types of ML and the number of studies on the different category of ML is sparse. Therefore, the main thrust of this paper is to provide an overview of the current clinical evidence and significance of miR-21 in ML. It was found that MiR-21 was found to be normally upregulated in all types of ML, however, we summarize the important research findings surrounding the role of miR-21 in different types of ML.