Fault Isolation and Estimation in Networks of Linear Process Systems.

Fault detection and isolation is a ubiquitous task in current complex systems even in the linear networked case when the complexity is mainly caused by the complex network structure. A simple yet practically important special case of networked linear process systems is considered in this paper with only a single conserved extensive quantity but with a network structure containing loops. These loops make fault detection and isolation challenging to perform because the effect of fault is propagated back to where it first occurred. As a dynamic model of network elements, a two input single output (2ISO) LTI state-space model is proposed for fault detection and isolation where the fault enters as an additive linear term into the equations. No simultaneously occurring faults are considered. A steady state analysis and superposition principle are used to analyse the effect of faults in a subsystem that propagates to the sensors' measurements at different positions. This analysis is the basis of our fault detection and isolation procedure that provides the position of the faulty element in a given loop of the network. A disturbance observer is also proposed to estimate the magnitude of the fault inspired by a proportional-integral (PI) observer. The proposed fault isolation and fault estimation methods have been verified and validated by using two simulation case studies in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Modeling and migration-based control of depopulation.

This study deals with the problem of the population shrinking in habitats affected by aging and excessive migration outflows. First, a control-oriented population dynamics model was proposed that catches the effect of depopulation. The model also includes the effect of spatial interaction-driven migration flows on population size. The resulting model is a non-homogeneous ordinary differential equation. It includes such phenomena that are important from the control point of view, such as the influence of migration costs on population dynamics, the impact of aging on population size, or the effect of the habitats' carrying capacity on migration flows. Based on the model, controllability conditions are formulated and a control strategy was developed that is meant to avoid the depopulation of the habitat. The control method acts on the migration costs to achieve the control goal and requires only population size measurements. Simulation measurements are presented in the paper to show the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control methods.

Sensor Faults Isolation in Networked Control Systems: Application to Mobile Robot Platoons.

In networked control systems, sensor faults in a subsystem have a major influence on the entire network as the fault effect reaches the other subsystems through the network interconnections. In this paper, a fault diagnosis-oriented model is proposed for linear networked control systems that can be applied to the robotics platoon. In addition, this model can also be used to design distributed Unknown Input Observers (UIO) in each subsystem to accomplish weak sensor faults isolation by treating the network disturbances and fault propagation through the network as unknown inputs. A case study was developed in which the subsystems were represented by robots that are connected in a wireless communication-based leader-follower scheme. The simulation results show that the model successfully reproduces the expected behaviour of the robotics platoon in the presence of sensor faults. Furthermore, weak sensor faults isolation is also achieved by observing the residual signals produced by the UIOs in each of the subsystems.