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1.
PLoS One ; 19(2): e0298251, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412182

ABSTRACT

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni water extracts have been used as a natural sweetener and customary medicine by the indigenous inhabitants of South America for several hundred years. This plant was sent to Europe in the 16th century and was described by Peter Jacob Esteve in Spain. Recently the food industry has started to employ S. rebaudiana as sweetener using its glycosides after purification. Advertisement claims that Stevia glycosides is good for controling body mass and reducing glycemia. This study's objective was to evaluate the effect of S. rebaudiana leaf extract on Wistar rats as animal model to prove its effectiveness on body mass control, glycemia reduction, and other biochemical parameters. Three groups were randomly formed with 24 males and 24 females: A blank group without any sweetener, a control group drinking water with 10% glucose, and the test group ingesting a 0.94% water extract of S. rebaudiana. Body mass measurements as well as food and drink consumption were daily performed. The experiment lasted 120 days after the specimens were weaned and got used to eating solid food. Euthanasia was done and blood serum was collected to evaluate the following biochemical parameters: Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucagon, leptin, ghrelin, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, GIP. Results indicated that only female rats had statistical differences in body mass gain. No relevant effects either positive or negative were found in the biochemical parameters measured. The crude extracts of S. rebaudiana did not show any relevant changes in biochemical and hormonal profiles, changes nor body mass with respect to the blank and control groups of young and healthy rats in the age range of infancy to youth. According to the results obtained, the therapeutic properties that have been associated to S. rebaudiana consumption especially for body mass control and glycemia reduction, did not occur in young and healthy male and female rats in equivalent age to infants, young children, and youths.


Subject(s)
Stevia , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child , Rats , Humans , Animals , Child, Preschool , Stevia/chemistry , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Sweetening Agents/chemistry , Rats, Wistar , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Glycosides , Glucose , Water , Plant Leaves
2.
Contemp Clin Trials Commun ; 31: 101041, 2023 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36544547

ABSTRACT

Background: Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) is a psychological treatment which aims to improve the neurocognitive processes that interfere with the daily functioning of individuals and has proven to be useful in the treatment of obesity. This therapy has been implemented in some countries as a co-adjuvant treatment for people with obesity, but it has not been tested in Mexico, where obesity is one of the main public health problems, so it is essential to implement more studies of this type to obtain effective treatments to control weight. Objective: To describe the research procedure of a multidisciplinary intervention protocol for adults with obesity in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Method: Participants will be adults from 19 to 60 years of age with obesity, who will be randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The control group will receive intervention only after the experimental group has completed the intervention program. Measurements of body composition, nutritional state, psycho-physiological and physical activities of the participants will be obtained before and after the intervention, with a three-month follow-up after the intervention has concluded. Conclusion: Results of this study will provide useful evidence for the implementation and follow-up of a multidisciplinary intervention with CRT to promote a better efficacy in the treatment and control of obesity.

3.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 39(3): 2016-225, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521830

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Se han informado patrones de deterioro temprano de la función pulmonar en el asma pediátrica. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar las trayectorias de la función pulmonar en la espirometría, desde la edad preescolar hasta la edad escolar. Materiales: Estudio prospectivo realizado entre el 2016 y el 2021. Se reclutaron pacientes con asma persistente a quienes se les realizó oscilometría de impulso (IOS)-espirometría al inicio y después de 3 años. La espirometría anormal se definió de acuerdo con las guías ATS/ERS. Métodos: se utilizó χ2 y ANOVA para comparar las características clínicas y promedios de parámetros de la espirometría e IOS entre trayectorias. Resultados: 86 pacientes, promedio de edad 5,3 y 8,3 años en su primera y segunda evaluación. El 70,9% de los pacientes mantuvo la espirometría normal en ambas evaluaciones (trayectoria 1), el 9,3% presentó espirometría preescolar anormal que normalizó en la edad escolar (trayectoria 2) y el 19,8% espirometría en anormal en ambas evaluaciones (trayectoria 3). La trayectoria 3 registró menor peso promedio al nacer (2,4 kg vs 3,02 kg p = 0,04), mayor promedio de exacerbaciones (5,3 vs 2,01 p = 0,00002), mayor promedio de hospitalizaciones (0,61 vs 0,16 p = 0,04), parámetros promedio más bajos en espirometría (relación VEF1/CVF %, relación VEF0,75/CVF %, VEF0,75 L, VEF0,5 L), promedios más bajos en X5 kPa/Ls y más altos en AX kPa/Ls, que la trayectoria 1. Conclusiones: La trayectoria 1 fue la más frecuente, con persistencia de función pulmonar normal. La trayectoria 3, la segunda más frecuente, inició seguimiento con función pulmonar disminuida en la espirometría y disfunción de vía aérea pequeña en el IOS que se mantuvo en la edad escolar. Los niños que siguieron la trayectoria 3 tuvieron menor peso al nacer, más exacerbaciones y hospitalizaciones que los niños de la trayectoria 1.


Introduction: Patterns of early decline in lung function have been reported in pediatric asthma. Our objective was to identify pulmonary function trajectories in spirometry, from preschool age to school age. Materials: Prospective study conducted between 2016 and 2021. Patients with persistent asthma who underwent impulse oscillometry (IOS)-spirometry at baseline and after 3 years were recruited. Abnormal spirometry was defined according to ATS/ERS guidelines. Methods: χ2 and ANOVA was used to compare clinics characteristics and means of IOS-spirometry parameters between trajectories. Results: 86 patients, mean age of 5,3 and 8,3 years in their first and second evaluation. 70.9% of the patients maintained normal spirometry in both evaluations (Track 1), 9.3% presented abnormal preschool spirometry that normalized at school age (Track 2) and 19.8% abnormal spirometry in both evaluations (Track 3). Trajectory 3 had a lower average birth weight (2,4 kg vs 3,02 kg p = 0,04), higher average of exacerbations (5,3 vs 2,01 p = 0,00002), higher average of hospitalizations (0,61 vs 0,16 p = 0,04), lowest averages parameters in spirometry (FEV1/FVC % ratio, FEV0,75/FVC % ratio, FEV0,75 L, FEV0,5 L), lower average in X5 kPa/Ls and higher in AX kPa/Ls, than trajectory 1. Conclusions: Trajectory 1 was the most common, with persistent normal lung function. Trajectory 3, the second most frequent, started follow-up with decreased lung function in spirometry and small airway disfunction in the IOS that were maintained at school age. Children who followed trajectory 3 had lower birth weight, more exacerbations, and hospitalizations than children in trajectory 1.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Asthma/physiopathology , Oscillometry , Spirometry , Vital Capacity , Forced Expiratory Volume , Prospective Studies , Analysis of Variance
4.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 37(4): 285-292, dic. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388163

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El incremento del índice de masa corporal afecta la función pulmonar en el asma. Objetivo: determinar si existen diferencias entre asmáticos con estado nutricional normal, sobrepeso y obesidad en cuanto a alteraciones de la oscilometría de impulso (IOS) y espirometría. MÉTODO: Estudio realizado en niños y adolescentes con asma persistente. Se practicó sucesivamente IOS y Espirometría pre y post- broncodilatador según criterios ATS/ERS/SER. Los pacientes se clasificaron en: eutróficos (AE), con sobrepeso (ASP) y obesos (AO). Se compararon promedios de valores basales y con respuesta broncodilatadora (RB) en espirometría e IOS, con análisis de varianzas ANOVA y test de Tukey post hoc. Se consideró un poder de 80% y error α de 5%. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 559 pacientes, promedio de edad 9,2 años, 50,9% varones. AE 52,4%, ASP 31,3% y AO 16,3%. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre AO vs AE (X5, AX, D5-20, VEF1/CVF, FEF25-75/CVF, RB VEF1), y entre ASP vs AE (AX, D5-20, VEF1/CVF). También se encontraron diferencias significativas en varones, no encontradas en las mujeres (X5, D5-20, VEF1/CVF, RB CVF, RB VEF1). CONCLUSIONES: Los niños asmáticos con sobrepeso y obesidad, tienen un mayor compromiso de los índices de función pulmonar medida por espirometría e IOS que los asmáticos con estado nutricional normal. Existen diferencias de género en las alteraciones espirometría e IOS.


INTRODUCTION: Increased body mass index asthma affects lung function in asthma. Objective: to determine if asthmatics with overweight or obesity have alterations in Impulse oscillometry (IOS) and spirometry compared to eutrophic METHOD: Study carried out in children and adolescents with persistent asthma. IOS-Spirometry pre and post bronchodilator were performed successively according to ATS/ERS/SER criteria. The patients were classified as: eutrophic (AE), overweight (ASP) and obese (OA). Baseline and bronchodilator response (BR) averages were compared in spirometry and IOS with ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc analysis of variance. A power of 80% and α error of 5% were considered. RESULTS: 559 patients were analyzed, mean age 9.2 years, 50.9% male. AE 52.4%, ASP 31.3% and OA 16.3%. Significant differences were found between OA vs AE (X5, AX, D5-20, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75 / FVC, RB FEV1), and between ASP vs AE (AX, D5-20, FEV1/FVC). Significant differences were also found in men, not women (X5, D5-20, FEV1/FVC, BR FVC, BR FEV1). CONCLUSIONS: Asthmatic children with overweight and obesity have a greater compromise of pulmonary function parameters measured by spirometry and IOS than asthmatics with normal nutritional status. There are gender differences in spirometry and IOS alterations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Respiratory Function Tests/methods , Asthma/physiopathology , Lung/physiopathology , Obesity/physiopathology , Oscillometry , Spirometry , Vital Capacity , Forced Expiratory Volume , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Analysis of Variance , Overweight/physiopathology
7.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 36(2): 135-43, 2004 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14998312

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional study with a two-stage design and proportional distribution was carried out to determine the effect of management factors on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale in Bos indicus cattle in the Mexican tropics. Serum was obtained from 384 cattle aged 1-2 years on 92 farms. The number of samples was proportionally distributed according to the number of farms in eastern Yucatan. Antibody activity against A. marginale was assessed using the card agglutination test. A primary screening using a 2 x K contingency table of the exposed variables with the outcomes was performed. All variables for which p < 0.20 were included in a fixed-effects log regression. The seroprevalence in the cattle was 69.75% (SE +/- 0.02). Sixty-four per cent of the farms had a seroprevalence > or = 75%. The risks related to managemental factors were stocking density ( > or = 1 animal/ha, OR = 10.94), type of acaricide (pyrethroids, OR = 3.8), dipping interval ( > 60 days, OR = 0.13) and type of veterinary instruments used (needles, scalpels, ear tattoos, and dehorners, OR = 0.17).


Subject(s)
Anaplasma marginale/immunology , Anaplasmosis/epidemiology , Animal Husbandry/methods , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Agglutination Tests/veterinary , Anaplasmosis/transmission , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/transmission , Cross-Sectional Studies , Equipment and Supplies/microbiology , Equipment and Supplies/veterinary , Insect Control , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Mexico/epidemiology , Population Density , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Tick Control , Ticks/microbiology , Tropical Climate
8.
Arch. venez. farmacol. ter ; 20(2): 172-175, abr. 2001. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-401984

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó la efectividad e inocuidad de sulglicotide a la dosis de 200 mg tres veces al día durante 6 semanas en 62 pacientes con gastritis y duodenitis no lucerosa. Las evaluaciones fueron realizadas mediante examen clínico, endoscopia y opinión por parte del médico. A la sexta semana el tratamiento produjo una disminución significativa de los escores iniciales de todos los síntomas evaluados, así como en los escores endoscópicos. Los efectos adversos observados fueron: náuseas, resequedad, mal sabor y olor en la boca, cefalea, erupciones de la piel, mareos y sensación de hambre


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Duodenitis , Gastritis , Gastroenterology , Venezuela
9.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 17(6): 432-5, 2000.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11123772

ABSTRACT

Solar (actinic) prurigo (SP) is an abnormal reaction to sunlight that affects mostly the Indian and mestizo populations of America, and is well known in Canada and the United States. It is quite common in Mexico, Central, and South America, although rare in Europe. It usually starts in childhood in both sexes and in about 30-50% of cases involves the oral and ocular mucosa. In this study we present the clinical and histopathologic conjunctival findings in 11 of 105 children with SP. Clinically the most important features were photophobia, some degree of pterygium, and pinguecula, hyperemia, Trantas' dots, hyaline exudate, and follicles. Histopathologically the changes were epithelial, such as epidermoid metaplasia and absence of goblet cells, and stromal changes, which were the most diagnostically relevant. These consisted of lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates, usually with eosinophils, melanosis, and solar elastosis. We believe this constellation of criteria will be useful for a better characterization of SP.


Subject(s)
Conjunctivitis/pathology , Prurigo/pathology , Sunlight/adverse effects , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/pathology , Male , Prospective Studies , Prurigo/etiology , Pterygium/pathology
10.
Kasmera ; 28(1): 17-25, mar. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-294343

ABSTRACT

El propósito de la investigación es conocer la eficacia del Secnidazol en el tratamiento de escolares asintomáticos portadores de Giardia lamblia y/o Entamoeba histolytica, así como el evaluar su tolerancia. Se escogieron 50 niños parasitados (totalizando 53 casos con Entamoeba histolytica y/o Giardia lamblia), con edades comprendidas entre 5 y 14 años, de uno u otro sexo, a quienes se les administró el medicamento y tres días después se realizaron exámenes coproparasitológicos controles. La tolerancia del medicamento se evaluó mediante encuesta. De 53 casos parasitados, la relación de protozoarios fue: Giardia lamblia (66,03 por ciento) seguidos de Entamoeba hitolytica (33,97 por ciento). La efectividad parasitológica del Secnidazol contra Giardia lamblia fue del 100 por ciento y de Entamoeba histolytica de 95,45 por ciento. Se obtuvo un solo caso portador que no respondió al tratamiento (4,55 por ciento). El medicamento fue bien tolerado en el 50 por ciento de los casos. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: hiporexia, cefalea, dolor abdominal, mareos, náuseas, vómitos, diarrea, fatiga, alteración del gusto y prurito. La eficacia y la relativamente buena tolerancia del Secnidazol fue demostrada en el presente estudio. Se obtuvo cura parasitológica al tercer día de administrado el medicamento


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Entamoeba histolytica/pathogenicity , Giardia lamblia/pathogenicity , Parasites/parasitology , Tropical Medicine , Venezuela
11.
Kasmera ; 28(1): 27-43, mar. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-294344

ABSTRACT

El propósito de la investigación es conocer la prevalencia de las enteroparasitosis en una escuela urbana de la parroquia San Francisco. Del total de la población escolar, se escogieron 114 niños, de edades comprendidas entre 5 y 15 años de ambos sexos, donde se les realizó exámenes coproparasitológicos y de recolección de información a través de encuestas epidemiológicas. De los niños seleccionados, 74,56 por ciento reportaron positividad para uno o más enteroparásitos. 40,35 por ciento fueron masculinos y 34,21 por ciento femeninos. Las edades más parasitadas fueron comprendidas entre 8 y 12 años (34,24 por ciento) segudas de 5 a 8 años 30,69 por ciento. Los helmintos más frecuentes fueron: Enterobius vermicularis (45,55 por ciento), Trichus trichuria (27,80 por ciento). Ascaris lumbricoides (23,35 por ciento) e Hymenolepis nana (3,30 por ciento) y los protozoos fueron: Blastocystis hominis (37,28 por ciento), Giardia lamblia (17,79 por ciento). Endolimax nana (16,95 por ciento), Entamoeba coli (15,26 por ciento). El poliparasitismo predominó sobre el monoparasitismo. Las helmintiasis observadas presentaron en su mayoría una infestación leve. Se evidencia acentuados malos hábitos higiénicos en los niños así como en la escuela. Se obtuvo elevada prevalencia parasitaria en la población estudiada. La Enterobiasis fue la helmintiasis más común


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Ascaris lumbricoides/parasitology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enterobius/parasitology , Giardia lamblia/parasitology , Helminthiasis/parasitology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Tropical Medicine , Venezuela
13.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex ; 60(1): 31-44, 1995.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7638529

ABSTRACT

Diet may be modified and can alter the hepatic function or contributes to maintain it on excellent state. The objective of this paper was to review the recently advances on the clinical aspects of nutrition in chronic liver diseases and the underlying rationale for specific nutritional therapies focusing in the works in Mexico. Original papers in english and spanish informed on Medline until 1994 were included. We also review the national literature about nutrition aspects on liver diseases.


Subject(s)
Liver Diseases/diet therapy , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Chronic Disease , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Liver Diseases/metabolism , Minerals/administration & dosage , Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Nutritional Requirements , Trace Elements/administration & dosage , Vitamins/administration & dosage
14.
Rev. costarric. cienc. méd ; 4(1): 7-12, 1983.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-19641

ABSTRACT

Se analizaron 266 lotes de supositorios de la formula aminofenazona, alobarbital y clorhidrato de adifenina. Del total de lotes estudiados el 8,65 por ciento no cumplio con el requisito de uniformidad de contenido en uno o mas de los principios activos


Subject(s)
Drug Evaluation , Quality Control , Suppositories , Aminopyrine , Barbiturates , Diphenylacetic Acids
15.
Rev. costarric. cienc. méd ; 3(2): 97-102, 1982.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-12409

ABSTRACT

Se determino la uniformidad de contenido de 14 lotes de supositorios de acetaminofen, 23 e aminofilina, 8 de bisacodyl, 19 de bromuro de n-butil hioscina, 20 de dimenhidrinato y 19 de indometacina. Del total de lotes estudiados, el 12,6 por ciento se encontro falto de uniformidad en el contenido del principio activo


Subject(s)
Suppositories
17.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 44(4,5,6): 3-16, jul.-dic.1972. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-25536

ABSTRACT

Se hace el estudio clínico y anatomopatológico de 19 pacientes con F.E. necropsiados en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial. Se atiende una breve revisión bibliográfica de la entidad; se establece una relación comparativa entre los hallazgos de nuestra casuística y los de otros autores, entre ellos, cubanos(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Endocardial Fibroelastosis/diagnosis , Endocardial Fibroelastosis/mortality , Endocardial Fibroelastosis/pathology , Autopsy
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