[From psychiatric hospitals to local municipal departments. The county of Vejle 1973-1987]. / Fra psykiatriske hospitaler til amtskommunale afdelinger. Vejle Amt 1973-1987.

On April 1, 1976 the Danish State handed over the responsibility for treatment of psychiatric patients to the counties. None of the state hospitals were situated in the county of Vejle. The changes of the admission pattern of the inhabitants of Vejle county aged 15+ years during the years from 1973 to 1987 are described. The annual bed occupancy per 1,000 inhabitants decreased markedly during the period (from 829 in 1973 til 366 in 1986) while the admission rates were relatively stable. Vejle county has successfully reduced the number of admissions to mental hospitals in other counties, but was, however, still not self-sufficient in 1987. The decrease in bed occupancy was significant in the groups of schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis, organic states, neurosis, alcohol and drug addiction, while in the group of other psychoses and other conditions the decrease was not significant. In the group of personality disorder the bed occupancy increased, but not significantly.

Intraocular grafts of fresh and freeze-stored rat hippocampal tissue: a comparison of survivability and histological and connective organization.

Intraocular grafts of rat hippocampal tissue, grafted either directly from the immature donor brains (fresh) or after storage in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C (freeze-stored), were compared with regard to survivability and histological and connective organization. For direct grafting, pieces of hippocampal tissue from rat embryos (embryonic day 19, E21) and newborn rats (PO) were placed in the anterior eye chamber of adult rats immediately after dissection. For grafting after deep-freeze storage, pieces of hippocampal tissue were taken from rat embryos (E16-E21) and newborn rats (PO), frozen at a cooling rate of 1 degrees C/min in CO2 or N2 vapours after addition of the cryoprotective agent dimethylsolfoxide (DMSO), and stored in liquid nitrogen for 1 to 33 days before thawing and intraocular grafting. From 20 to 68 days after grafting, the recipient rats were sacrificed, their eyes sectioned, and the sections stained with thionine for cell bodies, Timm's sulphide silver method for hippocampal fiber systems and terminal fields, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for cholinergic fibers and AChE-positive neurons. When examining the 101 grafted eyes (34 grafted with fresh and 67 with freeze-stored tissue) a significantly lower survival rate of the freeze-stored tissue was found (28 vs. 88%). The survivability of the freeze-stored tissue was age-dependent with no survival at donor ages E16 and PO, while tissue from E18-E21 had a 50% survival rate. The grafts of the freeze-stored tissue were also smaller and showed an increased tendency for fragmentation. When evaluating the structure of the grafts, the deep-freeze storage was found primarily to have been harmful to the dentate granule cells and their precursors. The organization of intrinsic fiber connections followed the pattern known from lesion and intracerebral transplant studies. While demonstrating that immature brain tissue can survive deep-freeze storage and subsequent intraocular grafting, the study also indicates that different schemes may have to be used to get optimal survival of different neuronal populations.