Research on intraoperative iris behavior in rabbits treated with tamsulosin and finasteride.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate intraoperative iris behavior during some phacoemulsification maneuvers in rabbits treated with tamsulosin or finasteride. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An experimental study was conducted on 26 Metis male rabbits aged 1.5 - 2 years, body weight between 3.4 and 5.6 kg, divided into three groups: Group 1 - Control, 6 rabbits; Group 2 - tamsulosin, 10 rabbits; Group 3 - finasteride, 10 rabbits. Dose calculation was performed according to body surface area ratio man/rabbit, taking into account the median lethal dose LD50. Surgery study in rabbits was done over two days by the same specialist using an adapted protocol. He was not informed before or during surgeries which group the animal belonged to, the order being random with a quasi-uniform distribution. Valid results for a modified iris behavior were obtained from two steps of the procedure (cannula irrigation maneuver and irrigation-aspiration). The iris billowing was graded from 0 to 3, according to severity. RESULTS: The risk of intraoperative iris billowing was higher in rabbits included in tamsulosin group [OR=8.33 (CI 95% 0.63-110.09)], but insignificant statistically compare with control group (p= 0.13). In rabbits treated with finasteride the risk of intraoperative iris billowing is increased compared with those without treatment [OR=11.6 (CI 95% 0.92-147.6)], but insignificant statistically (p= 0.11). CONCLUSION: In our research, we showed an increased risk of intraoperative iris billowing in rabbits treated with finasteride, almost similar with those obtained in rabbits treated with tamsulosin. Further experimental or clinical studies to confirm the role of finasteride in the etiology of intraoperative floppy iris syndrome in humans are needed. Hippokratia 2015, 19 (1): 20-24.

Corelations between the ENT modifications and BMI in patients with sleep breathing disorders.

AIM: To show if between the BMI index of weight and the oro and hypopharingeal modifications we can establish a link for the same value of the index of AHI hypoapnea. MATERIAL AND METHOD: At the patients with sleep breathing pathology of an obstructive type we conducted nasal, oro- and hypopharingeal endoscopic examinations, measurements and calculation of the weight index, followed by the polygraphic evaluation of the sleep, the establishment of the degree of sleep obstructive apnea; we used a form of ENT examination. The classification of patients according to the value of the apnea index of AHI hypoapnea in 3 groups: AHI < 10, 10 < AHI < 50, and AHI > 50. According to the value of the BMI weight index we analyze 3 groups of patients: BMI < 27, 27 < BMI < 40, BMI > 40. RESULTS: For AHI < 10, habitual snoring we can notice that normal amygdales appear in an increased percent for BMI < 27 or BMI > 40 and AHI < 10 the increased webbing is specific for 27 < BMI < 40. For AHI > 50 the occurring oropharingeal modifications are: normal amygdales, long and broad uvula and webbing spanning between 5-10 mm. CONCLUSION: Oropharingeal modifications and the index of BMI weight are essential elements, taken individually in the preoperatory evaluation of patients with syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea.

The three-dimensional ultrasonography of the fetal face--history and progress.

Fetal face was the main concern of researchers who developed three-dimensional ultrasound. 3-D ultrasound beginnings date back to 1973. Parallel concerns of researchers from different parts of the world have led to a constantly changing the equipment and software. 3-D images of the fetal face were obtained since 1986, but those that are available on the ultrasound devices sold today dates from 1992, and the 4-D since 1996. Techniques such as volume rendering and multiplanar volume rendering, led to the development of 3-D ultrasound. Late 2000 revealed study fetal face by multiplane three-dimensional ultrasound, through the acquisition of volume and its processing. Study of fetal profile by this method provides new data on the jaw, naso-maxillo-mandibular angle, even a diagram of the fetal profile or of dimensions of the fetal face or nasal bone length. Fetal profile analyzed by 16 parameters measured by 3-D ultrasound, with the creation of a craniofacial index variable is useful in assessing normal and abnormal fetal face. Today, the bones of fetal face--nose, jaw, bone palace, those of the orbit, can be studied in dynamics, from 12-14 gestational weeks. The best ultrasound images can be obtained after 21 gestational weeks, when fetal size and its ratio with amniotic fluid are optimal for the acquisition of fetal volume.