ABSTRACT
Many radiological methods to statistically evaluate progression of rheumatic diseases have been presented in recent years. This review article explains their basics as well as the background to the development of "imaging biomarkers" and their potential application in rheumatology.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging/trends , Image Enhancement/methods , Molecular Probe Techniques/trends , Radiology/trends , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Rheumatology/trends , HumansABSTRACT
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP) comprise seven entities with distinct histologic patterns. In their idiopathic form IIP are rare diseases. They are, nevertheless, considered prototypes of the much more common secondary interstitial pneumonias. The advent of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has had a profound impact on the imaging of IIP, because the detailed delineation of the lung anatomy allows a close correlation between the histologic patterns of IIP and the CT features. On the basis of CT morphology and in the correct clinical context, the radiologist can achieve an accurate diagnosis in many cases. However, due to overlap between the various entities, complementary lung biopsy is recommended in virtually all cases. This article reviews the CT pattern of IIP and offers relevant clinical and histological information for the purpose of enabling the radiologist to understand and participate in the multidisciplinary concept of IIP.
Subject(s)
Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lung/pathology , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/classification , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
The need of clinical sciences to measure therapy effects on chronic illness led to development, evaluation, and publication of several radiological methods to monitor disease progression of rheumatic diseases. This review article explains the basics and background of scoring and measurement. The radiologist thus learns to report more compactly and to communicate the results more specifically.