Evaluation of cooking methods on the bioactive compounds of cashew apple fibre and its application in plant-based foods.

Plant co-products currently represent an attractive alternative to the food industry, especially to the growing market of development low-fat products. Among the co-products resulting from tropical fruits' processing, the cashew apple's fibre presents unusual nutritional and sensory characteristics. In several food preparations could use it as an ingredient. In this work, the bioactive compounds of both artisanal and industrialized cashew apple fibre were studied and the influence of the different cooking methods on their bioactive content, and the acceptance and sensory preference of products new plants-based products formulated. It was observed that both artisanal and industrial cashew apple fibres presented a rich composition in the bioactive compounds, especially regarding the content of ascorbic acid found in artisanal (147.8 mg.100g-1) and carotenoids in industrialized fibre (1.87 mg 100 g-1), which resulted in a higher antioxidant activity for both samples in each method evaluated. Frying (180 °C/3 min) and cooking in a combination oven (98 °C/10 min) exhibited higher averages regarding the retention of the bioactive compounds in the fibres, resulting in a higher antioxidant activity for the products processed by these methods. In contrast, it was boiling processing (100 °C/18min) leads to leach of water-soluble biocompounds and, consequently, their products presented a reduced antioxidant activity. The cashew apple "paçoca" and "meatballs" were judged in terms of their attributes (appearance, aroma, taste, overall impression) and buy intention. In general, the average of these results indicated a high sensorial acceptance and a partial possibility in their purchase of these products. The cashew apple fibres are a source of nutrients. Its incorporation in culinary preparations can be a friendly way to avoid waste and promote new food products.

Effect of processing on physicochemical composition, bioactive compounds and enzymatic activity of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.) tropical juice.

Yellow mombin (Spondias mombin, L.) is a tropical fruit that presents exotic taste and aroma, being source of carotenoids and phenolics compounds. It presents a good potential for processing, despite some restriction related with the presence of high amounts of peroxidase (POD) and pectinmethylesterase (PME) which can cause sensory changes in the product. This work addresses the evaluation of changes in POD and PME enzyme activity during the traditional industrial processing used to produce tropical juices in Brazil. The enzyme activity was determined after the main steps of the processing: fruit pulping, homogenization and pasteurization. Although both enzymes presented significant activity loss during processing, the final product showed residual activity for PME (25 %) and POD (2.5 %). PME showed to be more thermal resistant than POD in yellow mombin juice. Considering the compounds with antioxidant activity, yellow mombin presented high amounts of carotenoids and phenolics when compared to other tropical fruits such as passion fruit and pineapple. Although the processing of the fruit resulted in significative phenolic loss, the carotenoids content was not affected significantly by the processing.

Effects of clarification on physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity and quality attributes of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) juice.

The effects of a clarifying process using pectinases and chitosan on the physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity and quality attributes of açaí fruit (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) juice were evaluated. Clarification of acaí pulp resulted (P ≤ 0.05) in a 50 % loss of total anthocyanin (4.2730 mg/100 mL) and 29 % reduction in antioxidant capacity (33.60 µM FeSO4/g). A high association (P ≤ 0.05) was found between the decrease of antioxidant capacity and total anthocyanin loss. The use of pectinases associated with chitosan as an aid for clarification of açaí juice proved to be highly effective and resulted in a clear juice with a brighter purple to red color that was free of lipids, insoluble solids, and others substances that cause hazes. The obtained clarified açaí juice is a genuinely high-value anthocyanin-rich product that could be used as colorant and functional ingredient to fruit juices and soft drinks.

POLYPHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CASHEW NUTS FROM CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC CULTIVATION IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF PROCESSING

This research aimed to determine the total extractable polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of cashew nut obtained from conventional and organic cultivation. The study was performed with cashew nuts collected at four stages of processing: after shelling, before peeling, after peeling and during packaging. The antioxidant activity was measured by the methods with the radicals ABTS•+ and DPPH• and by the ß-carotene/linoleic acid system. The nuts collected in the steps after shelling and before peeling presented higher antioxidant activity than those collected after peeling and during packaging. Little variation occurred in the content of total extractable polyphenols and antioxidant activity by ABTS•+ and DPPH• assays between the two cultivation methods studied.

Efeito da temperatura no comportamento reológico de pó de açaí (Euterpe oleracea) reconstituído / Effect of temperature on the rheological behavior of reconstituted açaí powder (Euterpe oleracea)

O açaí é uma fruta típica da Amazônia, cuja planta é uma palmeira tropical que se desenvolve principalmente no norte do Brasil, porém atualmente com desenvolvimento em outras regiões e outros países como a Venezuela. A polpa de açaí tem sido submetida ao processo de desidratação, que além de ser utilizado como um método de conservação, impedindo a deterioração e perda do valor comercial, objetiva o beneficiamento do alimento, possibilitando de instalação de um novo produto no mercado. A operação de secagem é o método de conservação de alimentos mais antigo e está entre os mais importantes, mas apresenta algumas desvantagens como alto consumo de energia e emprego de temperaturas elevadas. As características finais de produtos desidratados, como o pó de açaí, dependem de algumas variáveis de processo, tais como as características reológicas, como a viscosidade. Portanto, é importante que estas variáveis sejam estudadas, a fim de se obter produtos com melhor qualidade de solubilidade e reconstituição do pó e melhor efetividade no processo industrial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da temperatura no comportamento reológico de pó de açaí reconstituído. As medidas reológicas foram feitas nas temperaturas de 8, 15, 25, 35 e 45º C. Os modelos de Newton e Casson foram ajustados aos parâmetros reológicos através de regressão não linear. Para todas as temperaturas estudadas, observou-se que o aumento da taxa de deformação acarretou aumento da tensão de cisalhamento. O pó de açaí reconstituído, nas diferentes temperaturas estudadas, apresentou comportamento Newtoniano.

Açaí is a typical fruit from the Amazon. The açaí plant is a tropical palm tree that grows mainly in North of Brazil, but with current development in other regions and countries such as Venezuela. The pulp of açaí has been submitted to dehydration process, used as a method of food preservation, which avoids spoilage and commercial losses and also aim at the food improvement. The drying operation is the oldest and one of the most important methods for food preservation, but it has some disadvantages like high energy consumption and use of high temperatures. The final characteristics of dehydrated products like the açaí powder depend on some process variables, such as rheological properties, like the viscosity. Thus, it is important to study these variables in order to obtain products with better quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature on the rheological behavior of reconstituted açaí powder. The rheological measurements were carried out at 8, 15, 25, 35 and 45 °C. Newton and Casson models were fitted to rheological parameters using nonlinear regression. For all temperatures studied, it was observed that the increase of the shear rate resulted in an increase of the shear stress. The reconstituted açaí powder studied at different temperatures showed Newtonian behavior.

Comportamento reológico de bebidas mistas de cajá e manga adicionadas de prebióticos / Rheological behavior of mixed drinks of caja and mango added prebiotics

A adição de prebióticos em sucos de frutas vem sendo realizadaobjetivando a agregação de propriedades funcionais a essesalimentos, cuja caracterização é fundamental para a engenhariade processos, estruturação de equipamentos, bem como paraa qualifi cação de tais propriedades. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento reológico de bebidas mistas de cajá e manga, adicionadas de inulina e frutoligossacarídeos à temperatura de 25ºC. As medidas experimentais foram realizadas em reômetro rotacional de cilindros concêntricos e as curvas de escoamentoajustadas aos modelos de Ostwald-de-Waelle, Herschel Bulkley, Bingham e Mizrahi e Berk. O modelo de Herschel Bulkley ajustouse melhor aos dados reológicos, tendo as bebidas apresentadocomportamento não newtoniano, com caráter pseudoplástico.

Characterization and antioxidant activity of cashew nut bran in different stages of processing

The present work aimed to characterize the cashew nut bran during several stages of processing, withemphasis in the quantifi cation of total extractable polyphenols and total antioxidant activity. The cashewnut bran was analyzed for the following parameters: water activity, total acidity, pH, moisture, ash, lipids,proteins, carbohydrates, total extractable polyphenolsand total antioxidant activity by the methods ABTS•+ and DPPH•. There was a decrease in the water activityand moisture in cashew nut bran during processing. The highest values of total extractable polyphenolsand antioxidant activity were observed in raw bran due to peel adhered in these nuts.

Estabilidade química, físico-química e microbiológica de polpas de acerola pasteurizadas e não-pasteurizadas de cultivo orgânico / Chemical, physicochemical and microbiological stability of pasteurized and non pasteurized acerola pulps from organic cultivation

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a estabilidade química, físico-química e microbiológica de polpas de acerola pasteurizadas e não-pasteurizadas, oriundas de cultivo orgânico e armazenadas sob congelamento (-18±2°C) durante 360 dias. O armazenamento sob congelamento não ocasionou perdas significativas de qualidade das polpas de acerola. No entanto, o tratamento térmico influenciou negativamente nos conteúdos iniciais de alguns componentes, principalmente sólidos solúveis, açúcares solúveis totais e redutores, que apresentaram conteúdos inferiores no início do armazenamento para as polpas pasteurizadas. As polpas pasteurizadas e não-pasteurizadas apresentaram boa qualidade microbiológica do início ao final do armazenamento. Dentre as polpas estudadas, as polpas não-pasteurizadas apresentaram melhores características iniciais de cor. As polpas pasteurizadas garantiram melhores características microbiológicas no que concerne aos aspectos de segurança alimentar.

The present research aimed to evaluate the chemical, physical-chemical and microbiological stability of pasteurized and non-pasteurized acerola pulp coming from organic cultivation stored frozen for 360 days. Storage under freezing did not cause significant loss of acerola pulp's quality. However, the heat treatment had a negative influence on the initial contents of some components, especially soluble solids, total soluble and reducing sugars, which showed lower contents at the beginning of storage for pasteurized pulp. Among the pulps studied, non-pasteurized pulps showed the best characteristics of the initial color. The pasteurized pulps guaranteed best features in regard to the microbiological aspects of food safety.

[Development of mixed beverages made of caja (Spondias mombin L.) and cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale) added of fructooligosaccharides and inulin]. / Desenvolvimento de bebidas mistas a base de cajá (Spondias mombin L.) E caju (Anacardium occidentale) enriquecidas com frutooligossacarideos e inulina.

The purpose of this work was to develop three mixed drinks based on caja (Spondias mombin L.) and cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale) pulps, added prebiotic ingredients and to evaluate their chemical, physicochemical and sensory properties. Four formulations with combinations of two pulp fruit, sucrose and prebiotic ingredients (Standard inulin, inulin high performance-HP-and fructooligosaccharides FOS) were developed. The mixed drinks were submitted the following analysis pH, acidity, soluble solids, sugars, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total polyphenols and acceptance ratings of the sensory attributes such as: consistency, sweetness and overall impression, attitude and consumers purchase preference. The pH, total soluble solids and polyphenol results showed difference (p < or = 0.01) significant, while for the analysis of total acidity, sugars, ascorbic acid and carotenoids, it was not observed significant difference. The sensory attributes evaluates showed results ranging in scale between "I did not like or disliked "and" liked "(average 5.80 to 7.06). The attributes sweetness, consistency and attitude of buying showed no difference (p > 0.05) between drinks, however, differed significantly (p < or = 0.05) for the attribute of overall impression. The drink with FOS showed a similar acceptance when compared to traditional (sucrose) drink, showing an option of meeting the functional food expectations of consumers, who seek healthy, nutritious and tasty foods.

Estabilidade da polpa do bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) congelada por 12 meses / Stability of the bacuri pulp (Platonia insignis Mart.) frozen for 12 months

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de realizar o processamento e avaliar a estabilidade da polpa de bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) submetida ao congelamento durante 12 meses. Durante o período de armazenamento não ocorreram alterações significativas nas características físico-químicas da polpa quanto aos teores de sólidos solúveis, pH, atividade de água, açúcares totais e redutores, vitamina C, compostos fenólicos poliméricos e oligoméricos, pectina total e solúvel e cor L, a* , b*, enquanto que a acidez total e relação SST/AT variaram com o tempo de armazenamento. Os compostos fenólicos dímeros apresentaram aumento em função do tempo. Pelos resultados obtidos, a polpa de bacuri não pode ser considerada uma boa fonte de vitamina C. Por outro lado, apresenta baixos teores de compostos fenólicos caracterizando a polpa como, potencialmente pouco adstringente e com potencial para o processamento. A qualidade microbiológica não foi alterada durante o período de armazenamento. Os resultados apontam a eficiência do congelamento na manutenção das características físico-químicas e microbiológicas da polpa de bacuri.

The objective of this work was to process and evaluate the stability of the bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) pulp submitted to freezing for 12 months. During the storage period there were significant changes in the physiochemical characteristics of the pulp as for the content of total soluble solids, pH, water activity, total and reducing sugars, vitamin C, polimer and oligomeric phenolic compounds , total and soluble pectin and color L, the a*, b *,while total acidity and soluble solids varied with the storange period. The dimers phenolic compounds incresead with the time. According to the results, the bacuri pulp cannot be considered a good source of vitamin C, but it presents low contents of phenolic compounds characterizing the pulp as little astringent, thus showing potential for the processing. The microbiological quality was not altered during the storage period indicating the efficiency of freezing for maintaining the physiochemical and microbiological characteristics of the bacuri pulp.

Comportamento higroscópico de pós de manga das variedades coité e espada e avaliação das características físico-químicas / Hygroscopic behavior of mango powder of coité and espada cultivar and evaluation of physicochemical characteristics

A manga, embora muito apreciada pelos seus aspectos nutricionais e sensoriais, é altamente perecível e requer técnicas peculiares para sua conservação e comercialização. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar o comportamento higroscópico dos pós de manga das variedades Coité e Espada por meio das isotermas de adsorção e também analisar as características físico-químicas dessas variedades de manga nas formas in natura e em pó. Os resultados indicaram que os pós de manga não mostraram diferença significativa em relação às características físico-químicas, exceto para o valor de pH. Contrariamente, nas amostras in natura, apenas o pH não apresentou diferença significativa. Entre os modelos matemáticos utilizados para ajuste das isotérmicas de adsorção, o modelo de GAB foi o mais adequado para se ajustar aos dados experimentais, apresentando o teor de água da monocamada (gx100g-1 de matéria seca) de 0,09086 e 0,08857, com erros relativos médios de 6,76 e 2,86 por cento para Coité e Espada, respectivamente. O modelo de Oswin foi o segundo modelo matemático que apresentou valores muito próximos de encaixar o modelo de GAB.

The mango, is much appreciated by its nutritional and sensorial characteristics, but is highly perishable and requires specific techniques for its conservation and marketing. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the hygroscopic behavior of powdered mango varieties Coite and Espada cv. using adsorption isotherms and physicochemical characteristics of theses varieties of mango in natura and powder. The results showed that the mango powders didn't show significant difference in relation to physicochemical characteristics, except for the pH value. In contrary, in nature samples only the pH didn´t show significant difference. Among the mathematical models used to fit the adsorption isotherms, the GAB model was the more appropriate to fit the experimental data showing the water content of the monolayer of 0,09086 and 0,08857 (gx100g-1 dry matter) and relative average errors of 6,76 and 2.86 percent for Coité and Espada, respectively. The Oswin model was the second mathematical model that showed very close values to fit the GAB model.

Atividade antioxidante e correlações com componentes bioativos de produtos comerciais de cupuaçu / Antioxidant activity and correlations with bioactive components from commercial products of cupuaçu

O cupuaçu é considerado um importante fruto tipicamente amazônico e apresenta polpa ácida, agradável e de aroma característico. Esses atributos de qualidade o colocam no ranking das exportações de frutas. No Brasil, o cupuaçu é consumido principalmente na forma de polpa congelada. Os estudos com marcas comerciais de polpa de cupuaçu que correlacionaram a atividade antioxidante aos níveis de compostos bioativos mostraram que a capacidade de sequestro de espécies radicalares, pelo método do radical ABTS, apresentou correlação positiva com os compostos fenólicos e não com os carotenoides e a vitamina C. Porém, todas as marcas avaliadas apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto aos teores de vitamina C, carotenoides e capacidade antioxidante total equivalente ao trolox.

The cupuaçu is considered an important Amazonic fruit, which presents acidic pulp, pleasant and characteristic flavor. This quality attributes places the cupuaçu in the ranking of exporting fruits. In Brazil, the cupuaçu is mostly consumed as frozen pulps. Studies with cupuaçu pulp brands correlated antioxidant activity with the levels of bioactive compounds and showed that antioxidant activity carried out through the ABTS radical presented a positive correlation only with the phenolic compounds and not with carotenoids and vitamin C. However, all the evaluated brands showed significant differences in the levels of vitamin C, carotenoids and trolox total equivalent antioxidant capacity.

Desenvolvimento de bebida mista à base de água de coco, polpa de abacaxi e acerola / Development of mixed drink of coconut water, pineapple and acerola pulp

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma bebida mista a base de água de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) e polpas de abacaxi (Ananas comosus) e acerola (Malpighia emarginata D. C.) na forma de “pronto para beber”, combinando a aceitação sensorial e os componentes nutricionais e funcionais dos frutos. Foram avaliadas 10 formulações de bebidas mistas quanto às determinações físico-químicas, componentes funcionais e atributos sensoriais. Como não houve diferença significativa na aceitação entre as formulações, o produto composto de 65 por cento de água de coco, 15 por cento de polpa de abacaxi e 20 por cento de polpa de acerola foi selecionado baseado na melhor combinação de componentes nutricionais e funcionais. Esta formulação apresentou características requeridas para um novo produto comercial.

The purpose of the present work was to develop a blended beverage based on green coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water, pineapple (Ananas comosus) and acerola (Malpighia emarginata D. C.) pulps as a ready to drink product, combining the sensory acceptance, nutritional and functional compounds of these fruits. Ten formulations of mixed beverages were evaluated with regard physicochemical determinations, functional compounds and sensorial attributes. Since here was no significative change in the acceptance of here formulations, the product composed of 65 percent green coconut water, 15 percent of pineapple and 20 percent acerola pulp was selected based on the best combination of nutritional components. This formulation presented the required characteristics for a new commercial product.

Formulation and physicochemical and sensorial evaluation of biscuit-type cookies supplemented with fruit powders.

Cashew apple and guava residues from fruit juice industry were prepared as dehydrated fruit powders and used at different levels of wheat flour substitution for cookies formulations. The effects of guava and cashew apple fruit powders supplementation on physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of the cookies were evaluated. The pH, fibre and protein content were significantly affected. Biscuits with 15 g and 20 g/100g cashew apple and guava fruit powders showed the highest scores for sensorial attributes, respectively. The supplementation seems to be suited for wheat flour substitution and it is possible to obtain cookies with value-added food ingredient within the standards.

[Development of mixed drink of coconut water, pineapple and acerola pulp]. / Desenvolvimento de bebida mista à base de água de coco, polpa de abacaxi e acerola.

The purpose of the present work was to develop a blended beverage based on green coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water, pineapple (Ananas comosus) and acerola (Malpighia emarginata D. C.) pulps as a ready to drink product, combining the sensory acceptance, nutritional and functional compounds of these fruits. Ten formulations of mixed beverages were evaluated with regard physicochemical determinations, functional compounds and sensorial attributes. Since here was no significative change in the acceptance of here formulations, the product composed of 65% green coconut water, 15% of pineapple and 20% acerola pulp was selected based on the best combination of nutritional components. This formulation presented the required characteristics for a new commercial product.

[Correlation between antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart) comercial pulps]. / Correlação entre atividade antioxidante e compostos bioativos de polpas comerciais de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart).

The purpose of this work was to analyze commercial açaí pulp and to correlate the contribution of vitamin C, total carotenoids and phenolic compounds with the antioxidant activity of there products besides the examination of the standard related to the quality of the obtained products. Analysis were made with regard to pH, acidity total, soluble solids, sugars, color, water activity, vitamin C, total anthocyanins, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds. All parameters analyzed showed significative difference among the marks not added with preservatives and sucrose. The açaí fruit can be considered a fair source of vitamin C and good source of natural antioxidants. In regard to the correlation with the antioxidant activity only the total anthocyanins and the total carotenoids presented positive and significative correlation.

Qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de diferentes clones de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) / Postharvest quality of fruits from different mangabeira clones (Hancornia speciosa Gomes)

Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de diferentes clones de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) para consumo como fruto fresco e/ou industrializado, foram avaliados 10 clones: Ipojuca 3, 4 e 5 (IPJ 3, 4 e 5); Nizia Floresta 1, 6 e 8 (NIF 1, 6 e 8); Parnamirim 11 (PAR 11); Rio Tinto 7 (RIT 7); Extremoz 1 (EXT 1) e Touros 48 (TOU 48), oriundos de um Jardim Clonal instalado em 1996 do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Estação Experimental de Mangabeira, pertencente a EMEPA - Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba, situada em João Pessoa, PB. As mangabas foram colhidas manualmente em estádio de maturidade fisiológica, acondicionadas em caixas plásticas de transporte forradas no fundo com espuma de poliestireno e transportadas ao Laboratório de Fisiologia e Tecnologia Pós-colheita da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, onde foram caracterizadas física, físico-química e quimicamente. As características de qualidade analisadas foram: massa total do fruto; comprimento, diâmetro, firmeza, número de sementes; rendimento de polpa + casca; percentagem de sementes; pH; acidez total titulável (ATT); sólidos solúveis totais (SST); relação SST/ATT; vitamina C total; açúcares solúveis totais; açúcares redutores, fenólicos poliméricos, oligoméricos e dímeros. A análise de variância revelou diferenças estatísticas para todas as características pelo Teste F. De um modo geral os frutos de mangabeira dos clones avaliados apresentaram características superiores às observadas na literatura, especialmente quanto aos padrões estabelecidos pela I.N. nº 1 de 07/01/2000 do MAPA. Dentre os materiais genéticos avaliados pode-se destacar os clones RIT 8 e TOU 48 como os mais promissores para o mercado de frutas in natura, e os clones IPJ 3 e NIF 6 para o processamento agroindustrial.

This work aimed to evaluate the postharvest quality of fruits from different mangabeira clones (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) for industrialization and/or in natura consumption. Fruits were analyzed from the following mangaba tree clones: Ipojuca 3, 4 and 5 (IPJ 3, 4 and 5); Nizia Floresta 1, 6 and 8 (NIF 1, 6 and 8); Parnamirim 11 (PAR 11); Rio Tinto (RIT 7); Extremoz 1 (EXT 1) and Touros 48 (TOU 48), grown as part of the germoplasma bank at Mangabeira Experimental Station of EMEPA - Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba, located at João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. Mangabas, were manually packed into polystyrene lined plastic boxes and transported to the Postharvest Physiology and Technology Laboratory at Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, at Fortaleza-CE. At Embrapa, fruits were analysed for chemical and physical-chemical quality parameters. Quality parameters analyzed were weight, length and diameter, texture, number of seeds, yield pulp and skin, pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/TTA ratio, total vitamin C, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, phenols as dimers, oligomers and polymers. Statistical analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all characteristics through Test F. Fruits from all the clones showed superior quality when compared to standards designed by MAPA on I.N. nº 1 from 07/01/2000. Greatest industrial yields were observed for clones IPJ 3 and NIF 6. Clones RIT 7 and TOU 48 showed greater postharvest life suggesting potential for in natura consumption.

Efeito do tipo de corte nas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas do melão 'cantaloupe' (Cucumis melo L. Híbrido hy-Mark) minimamente processado / Effect of type of cutting on the physical chemical and microbiological characteristics of 'Cantaloupe' melon (Cucumis melo L. Hybrid hy-Mark) minimally processed

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de dois tipos de cortes (manual e mecânico) nas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas do melão 'Cantaloupe' minimamente processado e refrigerado. Frutos com grau de maturação adequado foram selecionados, lavados, sanificados (200 ppm de cloro ativo/2 minutos) e processados de acordo com o tipo de corte. Os frutos utilizados para o corte mecânico foram descascados em máquina descascadora e após a retirada das sementes, submetidos ao corte com auxílio de máquina de corte. Os destinados ao corte manual foram descascados e cortados com auxílio facas, colocados em imersão em solução de hipoclorito de sódio (20 ppm de cloro ativo por 30 segundos) e acondicionados em embalagens flexíveis PET, armazenados a 4°C ± 1°C e avaliados a cada três dias por um período de 15 dias. Ao final dos experimentos, concluiu-se que para o processamento mínimo de melão 'Cantaloupe', o corte manual foi o mais indicado, por apresentar melhor estabilidade das características de cor, textura, pH, umidade e contagens microbiológicas durante o armazenamento.

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of two types of cutting (manual and mechanic) on the physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics of processed and refrigerated 'Cantaloupe' melon. The fruits in the appropriate stage of ripening were selected, washed, sanitized (200ppm of active chlorine/2 minutes) and processed in agreement with types of cutting. The fruits used for the mechanical cutting were cutting in peeling machine and after at retreat of the seeds, submitted to the cutting with aid of cutting machine. The fruits destined at manual cutting were peeled and cut with aid of knives, immerged in chlorinated water (20 mg.L-1 of active chlorine) for 30 seconds) and conditioned in PET flexible packing, stored at 4°C ± 1°C and were carried out each three days during 15 days. At the end of the experiments it was concluded that for the minimally processed of 'Cantaloupe' melon, the manually cutting was the more indicated method, since it presented the best stability of characteristics concerning to color, firmness, pH, moisture and microbiological counting during storage.

Avaliação da rotulagem de sucos de frutas industrializados / Evaluation of the labeling of fruit juices industrialized

O setor de sucos de frutas vem aumentando a cada ano com a procura dos consumidores por alimentos mais saudáveis. O consumidor tem o direito de avaliar o produto no momento da compra, e esta avaliação se dá pelas informações contidas nos rótulos dos alimentos. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os rótulos de algumas marcas nacionais de sucos de frutas tropicais e integrais de acordo com as legislações. Foram analisados 30 produtos, destes, 15 sucos de frutas integrais nos sabores abacaxi, caju e maracujá e 15 sucos tropicais nos sabores acerola, goiaba e manga. Do total de produtos avaliados, 30 (100 por cento) amostras estavam em desacordo. Portanto, conclui-se que deve haver uma maior divulgação pelos órgãos do governo e entidades, como universidades, para o esclarecimento de rotulagem dos alimentos, a fim de assegurar o direito dos consumidores, assim como maior fiscalização destes produtos.

Estudo da estabilidade do abacaxi pérola minimamente processado e embalado a vácuo, nas condições operacionais de uma empresa supermercadista / Study of the stability of the pineapple minimally processed and packed the vacuum, in the operational conditions of a supermarket company

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a estabilidade do abacaxi pérola minimamente processado e embalado a vácuo, nas condições operacionais de uma empresa supermercadista. Os frutos passaram pelas etapas de lavagem, desinfecção (200 ppm de hipoclorito de sódio por 5 minutos) e armazenamento em câmara fria por 12 horas. Sob uma temperatura de 18°C, os frutos sofreram dois tipos de processamento após serem descascados, imersos em solução de 20 ppm de hipoclorito de sódio e serem drenados por 3 minutos: o primeiro, embalado inteiro a vácuo e o segundo, cortado em rodelas e embalado em bandejas de isopor envolvidas por filme de PVC. A intervalos de 2 dias, durante um período de 10 dias foram coletadas amostras e submetidas às análises físicas, físico-químicas, microbiológicas e teste de aceitação. Ao final do experimento, conclui-se que os abacaxis embalados a vácuo apresentaram melhor padrão de qualidade e maior vida de prateleira que os abacaxis embalados em bandejas.