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1.
Acta biol. colomb ; 27(2): 208-222, mayo-ago. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1573560

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla es un reservorio de biodiversidad del trópico seco mexicano. Las comunidades campesinas que la habitan históricamente han aprovechado los recursos naturales para su subsistencia, entre ellos la fauna silvestre. Con el objetivo de caracterizar las prácticas de cacería en la comunidad de Pitzotlán, Morelos, se aplicaron entrevistas a diez campesinos locales, así como observación participante, recorridos guiados y registro de la caza durante siete meses. Se registraron 37 especies de fauna con valor de uso, principalmente para alimento (57 %), disminuir daños agropecuarios (49 %) y en la medicina tradicional (27 %). De septiembre de 2018 a marzo de 2019 se contabilizó la captura de 70 individuos pertenecientes a 17 especies en 41 eventos de cacería. Las especies con mayor porcentaje de individuos capturados fueron iguana negra Ctenosaurapectinata (19 %), huilota Zenaida spp. (19 %), tejon Nasua narica (14 %), venado Odocoileus virginianus (10 %) y tortola Columbina inca (9 %). Se estimó un total de 278,93 kg de biomasa consumida, el 80 % aportada por el venado cola blanca. La cacería se realizó en un radio de 3.5 km del entorno comunitario, por medio de "espiadas", "arreadas", "acorralamiento", "lampareadas", el uso de perros y en eventos oportunistas. La cacería es una actividad complementaria a las estrategias de subsistencia de la comunidad estudiada, cuyo arraigo cultural permite obtener bienes materiales, el esparcimiento y la socialización.


ABSTRACT The Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve is a biodiversity reservoir in the Mexican dry tropics. The peasant communities historically inhabiting it have been used its natural resources for their subsistence, including wildlife. In order to characterize the hunting practices in the community of Pitzotlán, Morelos, interviews were applied to ten local farmers, as well as participant observation, guided tours and hunting recording for seven months. 37 species of fauna with use values were registered, most of them for food (57 %), to reduce agricultural damage (49 %) and to use in traditional medicine (27 %). From September 2018 to March 2019, the capture of 70 individuals belonging to 17 species was counted in 41 hunting events. The species with the highest percentage of captured individuals were iguana negra Ctenosaura pectinata (19 %), huilota Zenaida spp. (19 %), tejon Nasua narica (14 %), Odocoileus virginianus (10 %) and tortola Columbina inca (9 %). It was estimated that 278.93 kg of biomass were consumed, 80 % was contributed by the white-tailed deer. The hunting was carried out within a 3.5 km ratio from the community environment, through "spied on", "herded", "cornered" and, "lampareadas", with the use of dogs and in opportunistic events. Hunting is a complementary activity in the subsistence strategies of the studied community, whose cultural roots allow obtaining material goods, recreation and socialization.

2.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 18(2): 106-129, mar. 2019. tab, graf, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1007690

ABSTRACT

The medicinal plants has been used since Prehispanic times by Mexican people to treat digestive diseases. Nowadays their use is a common practice in the poor communities. This work describes the traditional use of medicinal plants to cure these type of ailment in the community of Tetela del Volcán. Guided collect of botanical material and a total of 92 semi-structured interviews to 58 people were carried out. A total of 78 species, 70 genus and 36 families were registered. The families Asteracea and Lamiaceae predominanted culturally. Most of the species were cultivated and branches were preferably utilized. Of the total of 24 diseases, stomach pain and diarrhea were the most important. The species Matricaria chamomilla L., Mentha x piperita L., Artemisia absinthium L. y Psidium guajava L had the highest modified Friedman Fidelity Indexes. This biocultural heritage contributes to health, thus to the well-bearing of inhabitants of Tetela del Volcán.


Los mexicanos han utilizado las plantas medicinales para las enfermedades del sistema digestivo desde la época prehispánica, actualmente son particularmente empleadas en las comunidades pobres. Se describe el uso de las plantas medicinales para curar dicho tipo de padecimientos en la comunidad de Tetela del Volcán. Se realizaron colectas guiadas de material botánico y 92 entrevistas semi- estructuradas a 59 informantes. Se registraron 78 especies pertenecientes a 70 géneros y 36 familias. Las familias Asteracea y Lamiaceae dominan culturalmente. La mayoría de las especies son cultivadas y se usan preferentemente las ramas. De 24 enfermedades, el dolor de estómago y la diarrea fueron las más importantes. Las especies Matricaria chamomilla L., Mentha x piperita L., Artemisia absinthium L. y Psidium guajava L. tuvieron los mayores Índices de Fidelidad de Friedman modificados. Este patrimonio biocultural contribuye en la salud y, por lo tanto, al bienestar de los habitantes de Tetela del Volcán.


Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , Ethnobotany , Digestive System Diseases/drug therapy , Medicine, Traditional , Mexico
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