A new species and updates on the Rhagovelia angustipes complex (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Veliidae) in Colombia.

Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Veliidae) is a diverse genus of small to medium-sized true bugs that live on the surface of the water, preferentially in lotic environments with moderate to strong current. The Rhagovelia angustipes species complex is particularly speciose in Colombia, and has recently been the subject of a revision. Nonetheless, new species of the complex are still being discovered in the country. We present here the description of Rhagovelia andradei sp. nov., collected on the eastern Colombian Andes, new records for three other species, R. calceola, R. gastrotricha and R. molanoi, an updated key, and a summary of the distribution of the complex in the country.

New species and notes on Paravelia Breddin, 1898 (Heteroptera: Veliidae) from South America.

The new species Paravelia ameliae (Heteroptera: Veliidae) is described based on macropterous specimens from the Department of Putumayo, in the Amazonian region of Colombia. The new species can be distinguished from all congeners mainly by the bicolored pronotum (dark-brown on the anterior two-thirds and light-brown posteriorly); the absence of distinct pruinosity or silvery patches on the anterior lobe of the pronotum; the basal macula of the forewing small and roughly ovate; the grasping comb of the male fore tibia occupying more than half of its length; the male hind femur with a row of 15 spines on the basal two-thirds; and the male paramere notched basally on its dorsal surface. Furthermore, this species displays sexual dimorphism in body shape and in hind tibial length, with males having a slightly constricted mid-abdominal region and hind tibia distinctly longer than in females. Also, in order to describe external morphological characteristics not mentioned in previous studies, supplemental descriptions are provided for P. albotrimaculata (Kirkaldy, 1899), P. loutoni Polhemus, 2014, P. nieseri Moreira Barbosa, 2012, and P. rotundanotata (Hungerford, 1930). Illustrations and a distribution map of all species treated here are presented.

Morphometric tools to solve species complexes: The case of Rhagovelia angustipes (Hemiptera: Veliidae).

The riffle bugs of the Rhagovelia angustipes complex have presented problems in taxonomy due to high intra-specific variability. Here we identified variation in the complex with morphometric techniques. We analyzed variation of the characters and performed a phylogenetic analysis of a combined matrix of linear measurements, geometric configurations, and discrete characters. We found that characters such as head length, metanotum length, femur width, and the evaluated shape of four characters (head, abdomen, fore tibia, hind femur) were important for the delimitation of species. In particular, we identified the metanotum length as a character that had not been previously considered in the taxonomy of the complex. The phylogenetic reconstruction allowed us to recover some relationships established for the taxonomy of the complex for the salina group, except for the species R. colombiana that was closer to R. calceola and R. calopa. This may be due to a similar natural history, since they share areas of distribution, while the R. bisignata and R. hambletoni groups could not be recovered, showing their low morphological support. In general, the geometric morphometric characters showed high levels of homology, with the head and the anterior tibia being the ones that had the best performance in the tree. Finally, the use of morphometric tools proved to be a powerful input for the taxonomic resolution of species complexes that have problems in their delimitation.

New species, synonymies and records in the genus Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from Colombia.

Rhagovelia medinae sp. nov., of the hambletoni group (angustipes complex), and R. utria sp. nov., of the hirtipes group (robusta complex), are described, illustrated, and compared with similar congeners. Based on the examination of type specimens, six new synonymies are proposed: R. elegans Uhler, 1894 = R. pediformis Padilla-Gil, 2010, syn. nov.; R. cauca Polhemus, 1997 = R. azulita Padilla-Gil, 2009, syn. nov., R. huila Padilla-Gil, 2009, syn. nov., R. oporapa Padilla-Gil, 2009, syn. nov, R. quilichaensis Padilla-Gil, 2011, syn. nov.; and R. gaigei, Drake Hussey, 1947 = R. victoria Padilla-Gil, 2012 syn. nov. The first record from Colombia is presented for R. trailii (White, 1879), and the distributions of the following species are extended in the country: R. cali Polhemus, 1997, R. castanea Gould, 1931, R. cauca Polhemus, 1997, R. gaigei Drake Hussey, 1957, R. elegans Uhler, 1894, R. femoralis Champion, 1898, R. malkini Polhemus, 1997, R. perija Polhemus, 1997, R. sinuata Gould, 1931, R. venezuelana Polhemus, 1997, R. williamsi Gould, 1931, and R. zeteki Drake, 1953.

Telmatometropsis fredyi gen. nov., sp. nov.: a new water strider from the Colombian Pacific region (Insecta, Hemiptera, Gerridae).

A new genus of Gerridae (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera) in the subfamily Trepobatinae, Telmatometropsis gen. nov., with a single included species, T. fredyi sp. nov., is described from the Colombian Pacific region. Representatives of the new genus were collected in mangrove lagoons of Buenaventura Bay, Valle del Cauca Department. The new genus can be diagnosed by the relative proportions of the antennomeres, the shape of the male fore tarsus, and by the black markings on the head, thorax and abdomen.

Revision of the emRhagovelia/em emangustipes/em complex (Insecta: Hemiptera: Veliidae) from Colombia.

Water striders of the genus Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Veliidae) have colonized the water surface mainly in lotic freshwater systems, but also in coastal marine environments. They are characterized by the swimming fan in the distal tarsomere of the middle leg that allows them to quickly maneuver. In the Americas, it was subdivided into four monophyletic complexes (angustipes, collaris, obesa and robusta), one paraphyletic grade (abrupta), each with several groups of species, and one additional group (varipes). However, the taxonomy of this genus still has inconsistencies due to its morphological complexity and to the misinterpretation of characters. For this reason, we present a revision of the species of the angustipes complex occurring in Colombia. Material deposited in nine biological collections was examined, including several types. A total of 3,674 specimens  were studied, belonging to 26 valid species, of which R. boyacensis sp. nov., R. graziae sp. nov. and R. molanoi sp. nov., are described as new; and R. angustipes Uhler, 1894 is recorded from the country for the first time. Furthermore, eleven species are redescribed and twelve are considered synonyms. Finally, a key to the species of the angustipes complex occurring in Colombia is presented, as well as updated distribution maps.

Description of a new species and new records of Gerromorpha (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from Panama and Colombia.

The fauna of semiaquatic bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) from Panama has been explored mainly between the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, with few reports since then, whereas that from Colombia has been intensively studied in the last decade. Here, we describe Rhagovelia joceliae Rodrigues Moreira, sp. nov. (Veliidae: Rhagoveliinae), from Panama. Additionally, new records from these countries are presented for Mesovelia mulsanti White, 1879, Mes. zeteki Harris Drake, 1941 (Mesoveliidae: Mesoveliinae), Lipogomphus leucostictus (Champion, 1898) (Hebridae: Hebrinae), Hydrometra caraiba Guérin-Méneville, 1857 (Hydrometridae: Hydrometrinae), Platyvelia brachialis (Stål, 1860), Stridulivelia (Stridulivelia) raspa (Hungerford, 1929) (Veliidae: Veliinae), R. elegans Uhler, 1894, R. perija Polhemus, 1997, R. rosensis Padilla-Gil, 2011 (Veliidae: Rhagoveliinae), Euvelia advena Drake, 1957, Microvelia albonotata Champion, 1898, Mi. fantastika Padilla-Gil, 2019, Mi. mimula White, 1879 (Veliidae: Microveliinae), Metrobates laudatus Drake Harris, 1937, Telmatometra ujhelyii Esaki, 1926 (Gerridae: Trepobatinae), Brachymetra albinervus (Amyot Serville, 1843) (Gerridae: Charmatometrinae), Potamobates anchicaya Polhemus Polhemus, 1995 (Gerridae: Cylindrostethinae), Limnogonus hyalinus (Fabricius, 1803), and Tachygerris opacus (Champion, 1898) (Gerridae: Gerrinae).

Description of two new species of Neoplea Esaki amp; China (Hemiptera: Pleidae) from Colombia.

Neoplea hyaloderma n. sp. and N. melanosoma n. sp. (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pleidae) are described from Colombia. This increases the number of species of pleids known from Colombia to four, all of which are in the genus Neoplea Esaki China. A key to the species of Neoplea of Colombia is included. Neoplea melanosoma appears to be part of a species complex with N. maculosa (Berg) and N. tenuistyla Roback Nieser, and herein is called the N. maculosa species complex. We also note that there is probably at least one additional species in this complex from Suriname that was previously identified as N. maculosa. Neoplea melanosoma n. sp. appears to most closely resemble N. maculosa from Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay than the geographically closer N. tenuistyla. Neoplea hyaloderma n. sp. appears most closely related to N. lingula Roback Nieser, which is also in Colombia.

Veliidae (Insecta: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) from Colombia: Description of a new species and of the male of Euvelia meta Molano, Moreira & Morales, 2016

Abstract Stridulivelia (Aenictovelia) chocoana sp. nov. (Heteroptera: Veliidae: Veliinae) is described based on specimens from the Colombian department of Chocó. The new species is diagnosed by pronotal humeral angles, body length, male hind trochanter and paramere shape. Furthermore, we describe and illustrate the previously unknown male of Euvelia meta Molano, Moreira & Morales, 2016 (Heteroptera: Veliidae: Microveliinae) and its range is extended to Amazonas and Vichada departments.

Altavelia, a new genus of Neotropical Veliinae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Veliidae), with a key to species and descriptions of four new species from Colombia.

The new genus Altavelia Polhemus Moreira (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Veliidae) includes seven species previously contained in the inveruglas group of Paravelia Breddin, 1898 and four new species from Colombia: A. altoandina Molano Morales, A. antioquia Molano Morales, A. montana Molano Morales, and A. quindiana Molano Morales. Additionally, A. amoena (Drake, 1957) is synonymized with A. flavomarginata (Hungerford, 1930). The genus is characterized by prominent setal tufts or sclerotized wing-like processes on the male proctiger; elongate body shape with long, slender legs; uniformly blackish forewings; antennal segment I longest; and the female abdomen with tergum VIII deflexed. Species in this genus occur at high elevations in the Andes Mountains with records from 1500 to 3600 m. A key is provided to all 11 species in the genus and new distributional records are presented for A. boliviana (Breddin, 1898), A. columbiensis (Hungerford, 1930), and A. flavomarginata.

Two new species and key to the salina group of the genus Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from Colombia.

Two new species of the salina group of the genus Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Veliidae) from Colombia are described, illustrated, and included in an updated key. Rhagovelia nuqui sp. nov. is described from the Pacific Region of Colombia and Rhagovelia tintipan sp. nov., is described from the Caribbean Region of the country. The new species are diagnosed by body length and conditions of the male hind femoral spines, paramere shape, and antenna and fore femur color. Additionally, R. colombiana (Polhemus Manzano, 1992) is redescribed and its range is extended to Chocó departament. Finally, R. plumbea Uhler, 1894 is recorded for the first time from Colombia.

A new species of Metrobates Uhler, 1871 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Colombia.

A new species of Metrobates Uhler, 1871 (Trepobatinae: Metrobatini) from Colombia is described. Metrobates sanciprianensis sp. nov. resembles M. fugientis Drake Harris but is distinguished by the shape of the parameres and the lack of a spine on the fore femur. In addition, M. amblydonti Nieser is redescribed and a key to males of the species of Metrobates in Colombia is presented.

New Species of Water Striders (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Colombia / Nuevas especies de chinches patinadoras (hemiptera: heteroptera: gerridae) de colombia

RESUMEN Se describen dos nuevas especies de los géneros Limnogonus Stål (Gerrinae) y Rheumatobates Bergroth (Rhagadotarsinae) de Colombia. Limnogonus carinatus sp. nov. se diferencia de otras especies del género por características de los genitales y el último esternito abdominal del macho. La especie Rheumatobates electricus sp. nov. se caracteriza por el macho con segmento antenal I fusiforme y robusto, y el trocanter posterior cilíndrico, concavo y con numerosas setas largas a lo largo del segmento. Se presentan nuevos registros para Limnogonus hyalinus (Fabricius) y Rheumatobates minutus flavidus Drake & Harris.

ABSTRACT Two new species of the genera Limnogonus Stål (Gerrinae) and Rheumatobates Bergroth (Rhagadotarsinae) are described from Colombia. Limnogonus carinatus sp. nov. is differentiated from other species of the genus by features of the genitalia and the last abdominal sternite of the male. Rheumatobates electricus sp. nov. is recognized by the male, with the antennomere I fusiform and broad and the posterior trochanter cylindrical, concave, with numerous long setae along the segment. New records are presented for Limnogonus hyalinus (Fabricius) and Rheumatobates minutus flavidus Drake & Harris.

A new species of Rheumatobates Bergroth (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from mangroves of the Colombian Caribbean region, new records, and a key to species recorded from the country.

Rheumatobates urabaensis sp. nov. (Gerridae: Rhagadotarsinae) is described from a mangrove of the Colombian Caribbean region. R. urabaensis sp. nov. is differentiated from other species of the genus by features of the male antennae, fore legs, and genitalia. New distribution records are presented for R. bergrothi Meinert, R. crassifemur esakii Schroeder, and R. spinosus Hungerford. A key to the species of Rheumatobates from Colombia is also provided.

A new species of Mesovelia (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Mesoveliidae) from South America, with identification key and notes on Colombian species.

Mesovelia tuberculata sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on material from the Pacific Region of Colombia. It can be recognized by the following characters of the male: mesofemur without a row of spinules; posterior margin of abdominal tergum VIII with a weak notch; abdominal pleuron VIII with an anterodorsal tubercle; abdominal sternum VI with the posteromedian projection rounded and fringed with black spinules; and paramere with margins converging and apex single. In addition, we present data concerning M. zeteki Harris & Drake and M. mulsanti White, and an identification key to species of Mesoveliidae from Colombia.

New species and records of Microveliinae and Veliinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from Colombia.

Euvelia orinoquia sp. nov. and E. meta sp. nov. from eastern Colombia are described, illustrated, and included in an updated identification key to the species of the genus. The former can be diagnosed by body length 2.30-2.50 mm, male fore femur without tufts of setae, longitudinal black stripe of female pronotum almost twice as wide as length of antennomere I, and female connexiva grayish black with silvery pruinosity on mesal portion, reddish on lateral portion. Euvelia meta sp. nov. can be diagnosed by female body length about 1.50 mm and maximum body width 0.90 mm, patches of silvery setae on female abdominal terga II-III and V-VII, and connexival segments I and IV-VI. Additionally, new records from the country are presented for species of Euvelia Drake, Husseyella Herring, Microvelia Westwood (Microveliinae), Oiovelia Drake & Maldonado-Capriles, Platyvelia Polhemus & Polhemus, Stridulivelia Hungerford, and Veloidea Gould (Veliinae).

Taxonomic revision of Collaria Provancher, 1872 (Hemiptera: Miridae) with the description of a new species from the Afrotropical region.

Collaria Provancher (Mirinae: Stenodemini) is a genus of grass-feeding plant bugs with 14 recognized species. The present work presents a taxonomic revision of the genus, including redescriptions of all species and the description of C. schwartzi sp. nov. from Central and Eastern Africa. The female genitalia of C. boliviana and C. villiersi, and the male and female genitalia of C. improvisa and C. obscuricornis are described for the first time. New distributional records for the Neotropical region are provided. A key to separate all the species and illustrations of the male and female genitalia of almost all the species are included. We highlight the need to produce better series of specimens with accurate host-plant data.

Caracterización del traumatismo ocular en pacientes hospitalizados / Characterization of Ocular Traumatism in hospitalized patients

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en 275 pacientes ingresados por trauma ocular en el servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital General Docente Dr Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, en el periodo comprendido desde enero de 2004 hasta diciembre de 2008. Los traumatismos oculares predominaron en el sexo masculino y en edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 39 años, por ser éste el grupo más activo y expuesto a riesgos. El agente lesivo más frecuente fue la madera o vegetal y el escenario por excelencia fue el trabajo, lo que está estrechamente relacionado con el predominio de las labores agrícolas en Las Tunas. Los traumas abiertos resaltaron y la herida de córnea fue el principal diagnóstico al ingreso, recibiendo tratamiento quirúrgico más de la mitad de los casos. El traumatismo ocular en Las Tunas es un problema de salud relevante, que provoca en la mayoría de los casos algún grado de déficit visual. Las características del trauma ocular en la provincia están en relación con el trabajo agrícola, como opción laboral frecuente(AU)

A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in 275 patients admitted by eye injuries at the Ophthalmology service of Dr Ernesto Guevara of the Serna General Teaching Hospital, in the period from January, 2004 to December, 2008. Eye injuries prevailed in males and in the age group between 18 and 39 years old; this is also the most active and exposed group to risks. The most frequent prejudicial agent was wood or vegetable. The workplace was the most frequent setting, closely related to the prevalence of agricultural work in Las Tunas. Open injuries were noteworthy and cornea wounds was the main diagnosed injury at admission; more than half of the cases received surgical treatment, and most of the them remained with some grade of visual deficit.Ocular traumatism in Las Tunas is a serious health problem that causes in most of the cases some grade of visual deficit. The characteristics of eye injuries in the region are closely related to the agricultural work as it is a frequent job optiona(AU)

Conocimientos, actitudes, práctica sobre el papanicolau en las usuarias externas del programa de planificación familiar del Centro de Salud Róger Osorio. Municipio de Managua. Mes de Junio al mes de Diciembre. Año 2010 / Knowledge, attitudes, practice on the papanicolau in the users outside the family planning program of the Health Center Roger Osorio. Municipality of Managua. Month of June to December. year 2010

Estudio de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal. En general el nivel de conocimiento es bueno, conocen la utilidad de la prueba, reconocen la importancia de la consejería previa a la toma de la muestra, conocen sobre las condiciones que deben de tener para realizarse la prueba de Papanicolaou, saben que toda mujer que inicio vida sexual activa debe de realizarse la prueba de Papanicolaou. La mayoría de las mujeres iniciaron vida sexual activa a la edad de 18 años, la mayoría de las mujeres refieren que solo han tenido un compañero sexual, la mayoría se ha realizado alguna vez la prueba de Papanicolaou, predominando con una periodicidad de 4 o más. En referencia a los factores asociados a la negación de la prueba del Pap encontramos con mayor frecuencia: el miedo a la prueba, la vergüenza, el descuido, no se lo realizan con personal de sexo masculino. La mayoría de las mujeres recogen los resultados y los conocen. En su mayoría las prácticas se clasificaron de riesgo intermedio. Se encontró que las mujeres han obtenido información sobre el Papanicolaou por un medico, por un familiar o por una enfermera