Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with stroke history in a reverse J-shape.

Background: 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the major form of vitamin D in the body, has a non-linear association with stroke risk. However, the association is not fully understood. The specific shape of the association and the ideal value of 25(OH)D related to minimum risk of stroke remain unclear. Aim: We conducted the study to establish the correlation between circulating 25(OH)D and stroke history and determine the ideal value of 25(OH)D in relation to the lowest stroke prevalence. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used for analyzes. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis with fitted smooth curves to explore the relationship between 25(OH)D and self-reported stroke history. Subsequently, 40,632 participants were enrolled in the study. Results: A reverse J-shaped association between 25(OH)D and stroke history was determined, where the lowest stroke prevalence for the 25(OH)D level was about 60 nmol/L. After adjusting for confounding factors, prevalence of stroke showed an increasing trend below and above the middle quintile (53.2-65.4 nmol/L) of 25(OH)D. Participants with 25(OH)D levels in the lowest quintile (≤ 39.3 nmol/L) had a 38% increased prevalence of stroke (OR 1.38, 95 %CI 1.12-1.70), while those in the higher level range of 25(OH)D (65.5-80.8 nmol/L) had a 27% higher stroke prevalence (OR 1.27, 95 %CI 1.03-1.57). Conclusion: Using data from a large, cross-sectional cohort program, we found that circulating 25(OH)D was related to stroke history in a reverse J-shaped manner. Given how the causal relationship between circulating 25(OH)D and history of stroke has not been established, more high-quality evidence based on the reverse J-shaped feature is needed to elucidate the link between vitamin D and stroke risk, and the effect of vitamin D supplements on stroke prevention.

Advances on simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification using activated carbon irradiated by microwaves.

This paper describes the research background and chemistry of desulfurization and denitrification technology using microwave irradiation. Microwave-induced catalysis combined with activated carbon adsorption and reduction can reduce nitric oxide to nitrogen and sulfur dioxide to sulfur from flue gas effectively. This paper also highlights the main drawbacks of this technology and discusses future development trends. It is reported that the removal of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide using microwave irradiation has broad prospects for development in the field of air pollution control.

[Experiment study on the aqueous removal of SO2 by Mn2+ catalytic ozonation].

The removal of SO2 by Mn2+ catalytic aqueous ozonation was investigated by experiment, so as to find the effects of Mn2+ for aqueous removal of SO2 by ozonation. The concentration curve of ozone was drawn by standard iodine method. The operating factors included mole ratio of ozone to sulfur dioxide and concentration of Mn2+. When absorption solution has no Mn2+, the removal efficiency of SO2 was 35% at [O3 ]/[SO2 ] = 0.5,but the efficiency was 70% when Mn2+ was put into absorption solution at the same value of [O3 ]/[SO2].With the increasing of [3O]/[SO2], the removal efficiency of SO2 increases. And as concentration of Mn2+ increases, the efficiency also increases. There is an appropriate concentration range which is 1.2 x 10(-2)-1.2 x 10(-1) mol/L for Mn2+.

[Experimental research for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx by aqueous oxidation of O3].

The removal of SO2 and NOx by aqueous oxidation of O3 was studied by self-designed bubbling reactor. The results show that NO can be oxidized efficiently by O3 in liquid phase, while the existence of SO2 has a negative impact on the removal of NO and pH value has a little impact. The NO removal efficiency is 89.6% at [O3]/[NO] = 1.1. When the rang of pH value is in 3-11, NO removal efficiency can be achieved over 80%. At 20-65 degrees C, NO removal efficiency has no change. Combining with wet scrubbing tower, SO2 removal efficiency is nearly 100% and NO2 removal efficiency is 84.2% at [O3]/[NO] = 1.1. SO2 and NOx can be removed effectively by aqueous oxidation of O3 simultaneously.