ABSTRACT
To clarify the effects of exogenous calcium on salt tolerance of nodule symbiotic pea, a pot experiment was conducted under salt stress (170 mmol·L-1) to examine the effects of exogenous CaCl2(0, 5 and 15 mmol·L-1) on physiological parameters of two pea cultivars, 'Dingwan 8' (salt tolerant) and 'Longwan 6' (salt sensitive), inoculated with rhizobium strains 15657, 15735 and Ca66. The results showed that plant biomass, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and the contents of proline (Pro) and soluble sugar (SS) were enhanced, but malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased, with rhizobium inoculation, CaCl2 application or CaCl2 application after rhizobium inoculation. Plant biomass and activities of SOD and POD and Pro content were increased significantly by the application of 15 mmol·L-1 CaCl2 after rhizobium inoculation. The application of CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium strain 15735 suitable for pea had limited effects on physiological parameters of pea plants, whereas the application of CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium (15657, Ca66) unsuitable for pea had obvious effects. The comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that pea treated with CaCl2 after rhizobium inoculation exhibited stronger salt tolerance, and 'Dingwan 8' plants treated with 15 mmol·L-1 CaCl2 after inoculation of rhizobium strain 15735 showed the strongest ability of salt tolerance with the highest membership function value of 0.814. In summary, compared with CaCl2 application or rhizobium inoculation alone, CaCl2 application after rhizobium inoculation could effectively enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation ability, reduce the damage of membrane lipid peroxidation, and consequently improve the salt tolerance of pea.
Subject(s)
Rhizobium , Antioxidants , Calcium , Malondialdehyde , Pisum sativum , Stress, Physiological , Superoxide DismutaseABSTRACT
In this paper, the spring wheat (cv. Xihan No. 2) was taken as research material to investigate the dynamic changes of the non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in flag leaves, stems and leaf sheaths and activities of carbon-metabolizing enzymes (SSS, GBSS) in grains during wheat development process under various water stresses by water stress and re-watering treatment methods. The results indicated that various water stresses had no significant effects on the sucrose contents in flag leaves, stems, leaf sheaths and other organs of wheat. With the increase of water stress, the content of starch in flag leaves was significantly increased within 12-18 d after flowering. Water stress shortened the starch accumulation period in stems and sheaths after flowering and inhibited the transformation and distribution of starch in wheat stems. The accumulation of starch in sheath also gradually increased, which was early terminated under moderate water stress. At the beginning of the water stress, the contents of NSC in vegetative organs were listed as: flag leaves > stems > leaf sheaths. With the increase of water stresses, the NSC contents in vegetative organs were listed as: stems > flag leaves > leaf sheaths. We could conclude that the changes in main NSC (sugar, starch) distribution and carbon-metabolism enzyme activities was a kind of physiological regulation response of wheat to water stresses.
Subject(s)
Dehydration , Starch/chemistry , Stress, Physiological , Triticum/physiology , Water/chemistry , Carbon/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Sucrose/chemistryABSTRACT
Before 1986, the development of tissue banking in China has been slow and relatively uncoordinated. Under the support of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Tissue Banking in China experienced rapid development. In this period, China Institute for Radiation Protection tissue bank mastered systematic and modern tissue banking technique by IAEA training course and gradually developed the first regional tissue bank (Shanxi Provincial Tissue Bank, SPTB) to provide tissue allograft. Benefit from training course, SPTB promoted the development of tissue transplantation by ways of training, brochure, advertisement and meeting. Tissue allograft transplantation acquired recognition from clinic and supervision and administration from government. Quality system gradually is developing and perfecting. Tissue allograft transplantation and tissue bank are developing rapidly and healthy.
