Field survey data on the effectiveness of agrometeorological services for smallholder farmers in Niger.

The dataset contains the answers of smallholder farmers to a semi-structured field survey and the 2020 yield plot measurements conducted in 8 municipalities of the Dosso and Tillabéri regions in Niger. It is a systematic sampling of about 320 questionnaires and 192 yield plot samples equally distributed in eight municipalities of intervention. The dataset contains several pieces of information about the uptake and the impacts of a tailored climate service (CS) produced by the National Meteorological Service (NMS) and disseminated through a network that involves Ministry of Agriculture extension services at the municipal level developed in the context of the AdaptatioN Au changement Climatique, prévention des catastrophes et Développement agrIcole pour la sécurité Alimentaire du Niger (ANADIA) Project. The material gathered by the survey gives a picture of the preferences of local farmers in the broadcasting of climate services information and their consequent strategical and tactical decisions in farm practices. Moreover, the survey investigates the preferences regarding the information that farmers would like to receive during the cropping season. Furthermore, the measurement of yield and its relation to the farmers' access to climate information and participation in training initiatives gives an indication of the impact of the CS on agricultural production in these regions. The dataset could benefit further studies and investigations about CSs for smallholder farmers in semi-arid regions. This article is a co-submission of the article: "Effectiveness of agrometeorological services for smallholder farmers: the case study in the regions of Dosso and Tillabéri in Niger" submitted to the journal Climate Services.

[Availability and affordability of diagnosis and treatment for asthma and COPD in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. / Disponibilité et accessibilité financière aux moyens diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de l'asthme et de la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive dans la ville de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic respiratory diseases, particularly asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), pose a significant threat to public health. This study aims to determine the accessibility and affordability of means of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study covering the period from August to December 2021 in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. This study involved 107 health centers and 135 pharmacies. The World Health Organization/Health Action International definition was used as a benchmark for accessibility to medicines. RESULTS: Out of 107 health centers, 29 (27.1%) had a spirometer. The average cost of spirometry represented 19.88 days of salary for a patient paid at the minimum wage. The most widely available drugs were salbutamol in a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) (88.1%) and prednisone 20mg tablet (87.4%). No disease-modifying drug was available in public pharmacies. Affordable drugs were salbutamol 4mg tablet and aminophylline 100mg tablet. CONCLUSION: The means of diagnosis and treatment of asthma and COPD are insufficiently available, especially in the public sector, which is characterized by a nearly total absence of basic treatment.

Profil épidémioclinique et issue thérapeutique des patients hospitalisés pour COVID-19 au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourô Sanou de Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso / Clinical presentation and outcome of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at the Sourô Sanou University Teaching Hospital of Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

Objectif. L'apparition de plusieurs cas de pneumopathie d'origine inconnue en Chine a conduit à l'identification du SARS-CoV-2. L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire le profil épidémioclinique et évolutif des patients hospitalisés dans notre centre de prise en charge afin de contribuer à l'amélioration de la lutte contre cette pandémie. Population et Méthodes. Il s'est agi d'une étude de cohorte rétrospective qui s'est déroulée du 19 mars au 31 septembre 2020 au CHUSS de Bobo Dioulasso. Résultats. Au total, 44 patients ont été inclus dans l'étude. La moyenne d'âge des patients était de 46,8 ans [14-84 ans]. Le sex ratio était de 0,7. La tranche d'âge la plus représentée était celle 50 et 64 ans avec 38,4% des patients. Les patients diabétiques et hypertendus représentaient respectivement 25% et 29,5% des cas. Les principaux symptômes étaient la dyspnée, la fièvre et la toux notées respectivement chez 54,5%, 54,5 % et 47,7% des cas. A la radiographie thoracique, les opacités de type micronodulaire étaient les plus représentées dans 66,7% des cas. L'oxygénothérapie a été nécessaire dans 38,6% des cas. Le protocole Covid-19 en vigueur dans le pays était instauré chez 90,9% des cas. Avec une durée d'hospitalisation moyenne de 12,4 jours, l'évolution clinique a été marquée par un décès chez 22,7 % des cas. Conclusion. Dans notre contexte, cette maladie reste l'apanage des sujets âgés présentant des comorbidités. L'une de difficultés de sa prise en charge était l'insuffisance du plateau technique expliquant en grande partie ce fort taux de létalité.

Objective. The occurrence of several cases of pneumonia of unknown origin in China led to the identification of SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients admitted to our care center to contribute to the improvement of the control of this pandemic. Population and methods. This was a retrospective cohort study which took place from 19 March to 31 September 2020 at the CHUSS of Bobo Dioulasso. Results. A total of 44 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 46.8 years [14- 84 years]. The sex ratio was 0.7. The most represented age group was 50-64 years with 38.4% of patients. Diabetic and hypertensive patients represented 25% and 29.5% of the cases respectively. The main symptoms were dyspnea, fever and cough, which were noted in 54.5%, 54.5% and 47.7% of cases respectively. On chest X-ray, micronodular opacities were the most common in 66.7% of cases. Oxygen therapy was required in 38.6% of cases. The Covid-19 protocol in force in the country was implemented in 90.9% of cases. With an average hospital stay of 12.4 days, the clinical course was marked by death in 22.7% of cases. Conclusion. In our context, this disease remains the prerogative of elderly subjects with comorbidities. One of the difficulties of its management was the insufficiency of the technical platform explaining in large part this high rate of lethality.

[Factors associated with the occurrence of acute respiratory distress and death in patients with COVID-19 in Burkina Faso]. / Facteurs associés à la survenue de la détresse respiratoire aiguë et au décès chez des patients atteints de COVID-19 au Burkina Faso.

INTRODUCTION: The development of acute respiratory distress syndrome indicates a serious form of COVID-19. Although there have been several studies on the prognostic factors of its severe form, no such study has been conducted in Burkina Faso. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from March 9 to June 9, 2020 in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso which involved 456 patients with COVID-19. RESULTS: Nearly a quarter of the patients (23.2%) had presented with acute respiratory distress and 44.3% of them died. Being over 65 years old (HR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.5-5.1) and having hypertension (HR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1-3.5) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. However, after adjustment, only age over 65 years (HR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2-4.3) was a risk factor for death. The survival rate for patients over 65 was 38.5% at 7 days and 30.3% at 15 days. CONCLUSIONS: Acute respiratory distress leading to death is mainly found in older people with COVID-19. Close monitoring of these high-risk patients may reduce the risk of death.

[Tropical otitis]. / Otite tropicale.

A 68-year-old patient presents with chronic right-sided otorrhea associated with hypoacousis and chronic cough. Otoscopy showed multiple perforations of the right eardrum. The search of acid-fast bacilli was positive for direct examination of sputum and negative for the examination of ear pus. A antituberculosis treatment has been initiated.

Laryngeal Papillomatosis in Adults: Assessment for Ten Years at the ENT Department of the National University Hospital of Fann (Dakar, Senegal).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of adult laryngeal papillomatosis in Senegal. Patients and Methods. This is a retrospective descriptive study of patients aged above 18 years with laryngeal papillomatosis and followed at the ENT department of the NUH of Fann between 01 January 2009 and 31 December 2018. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 37.74 years and a sex ratio of 0.93. The 20-29 age group was the most represented (45.2%). The average consultation delay was 8.34 years. All patients had dysphonia at the moment of the diagnostic and in 35.5% of cases, and it was associated with laryngeal dyspnea. Glottis localization was present in all our patients, i.e., 100% of the cases. A tracheotomy was performed in 9.67% of cases. All of our patients have had their papilloma peeled per endoscopic with tweezers. No cases of malignant degeneration were found in our study. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal papillomatosis is the most common benign tumor of the larynx in both children and adults. Despite the progress of endoscopy and antiviral treatments, its treatment poses many problems in our undermedicalized countries.

Prevalence of symptoms of sleep apnoea syndrome in Burkina Faso.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) is a frequent and underdiagnosed pathology. Epidemiological studies in sub-Saharan Africa are few. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of SAS symptoms in an adult population in Burkina Faso. METHODS: A cross-sectional study whose data collection took place at the Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital, from 1 September to 31 October 2014. We randomly enrolled all subjects aged at least 25 accompanying an outpatient t the time of a visit. A strong suspicion of SAS was established for every combination of ordinary snoring with excessive daytime sleepiness and/or sleep apnoea. RESULTS: The study included 311 subjects - 181 men and 130 women. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age was 31.84 (8.25) years and the average (SD) BMI was 23.14 (3.67) kg/m². The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring and sleep apnoea was 4.5%, 26% and 9.6%, respectively. A strong suspicion of SAS was found in 9.6% of respondents and the risk factors associated with this strong suspicion were BMI≥25 kg/m² (odds ratio (OR) 2.7; p=0.012), and poor-quality sleep (OR 3.7; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of our sample had symptoms suggestive of SAS. Testing with either respiratory polygraphy or polysomnography should be proposed to the presumptive cases for early diagnosis and treatment.

Assessment of asthma control in pulmonary consultation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Background: Despite the recommendations now in force for the management of asthma, evidence suggests that many asthmatic patients still have their disease uncontrolled. Objective: to assess asthma control and to identify the fac-tors associated with uncontrolled disease among the patients received for consultation in the department of Pneumology in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.Patients and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from 02/01/2015 to 01/31/2016 in the department of Pneu-mology of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital in Oua-gadougou. All asthma patients seen during this time frame participated in this study. The 2014 GINA criteria were used to assess the asthma control status.Results: One hundred and two asthmatic patients were in-cluded (76 women and 26 men) with a mean age of 38.7 ± 18.6 years. Asthma was found to be well controlled in 26.5% of cases, partially controlled in 34.3% of cases and uncontrolled in 39.2% of cases. The following factors were found to be associated with an uncontrolled asthma: age >36 years (p = 0.002), low level of education (p = 0.04), allergic rhinitis (p = 0.01), overweight (p = 0.03), duration of asthma ≥ 10 years (p = 0.04), therapeutic non-compliance (p = 0.00).Conclusion: Asthma was insufficiently controlled in our study. A tremendous emphasis must be put on not only on the therapeutic education of asthma patients, but also on a better management of comorbiditie

Schwannome endonasal à localisation turbinale inférieure. A propos d'un cas

Introduction : Le schwannome est une tumeur bénigne développée aux dépens des cellules de Schwann des nerfs périphériques. La localisation endonasale en particulier au niveau des cornets est rare. Observation : Nous rapportons le cas d'une femme de 23 ans reçue dans notre structure pour une masse de la fosse nasale droite localisée au niveau du cornet inférieur, obstruant totalement la lumière nasale, sans envahissement local. Après un bilan endoscopique et radiologique, l'exérèse a été effectuée par voie endoscopique endonasale. L'analyse de la pièce opératoire avait mis en évidence un schwannome. Avec un recul de 24 mois nous n'avons pas noté de récidive. Conclusion : Le schwannome à point de départ turbinal inférieur constitue une entité rare. Il doit être considéré dans le diagnostic différentiel d'une tumeur bénigne unilatérale des cavités naso-sinusiennes

[A case of malformation of aortic arches simulating asthma]. / Un cas de malformation des arcs aortiques simulant un asthme.

INTRODUCTION: Abnomalies of the aortic arches are rare and account for 1% of congenital cardiovascular malformations. They constitute one of the causes of compression of the airways with attacks of dyspnea sometimes simulating an asthma. We report the case of an infant with an anomaly development of aortic arches with impact breathing. CASE REPORT: It was a 22-month-old infant who consulted for a dyspnea with a type of stridor associated with a fat cough. This clinical table started 45 days after its birth and led to many hospitalizations in the pediatric emergency. Clinical exam found polypnea, with a wheezing, bronchial groan and diffuse sibilants on the auscultation. The chest X-ray revealed a slightly retractile right lung. The angioscanner of the thoracic and abdominal aorta showed a double aortic arch with retro-oesophageal left ventricular artery. A thoracotomy was performed and the operative sequences were simple. CONCLUSION: The congenital anomalies of the aortic arch are rare and varied, sometimes asymptomatic. This case reminds us that, in front of any recurrent or digestive respiratory signs in the infant, malformation of the aortic arches should be considered.

Laryngeal papillomatosis in Senegal: A ten-year experience.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of laryngeal papillomatosis in the Fann teaching hospital ENT department in Dakar, Senegal. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of laryngeal papillomatosis managed in the Fann teaching hospital ENT department between 1st January 2006 and 31st December 2015. Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of laryngeal papillomatosis were studied. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 18 software. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 11 years and the sex ratio was 1.88. The mean time to consultation was 4.5 years. The predominant symptom was dysphonia, present in all cases, followed by laryngeal dyspnoea in 64.6% of cases. The glottic area was involved in all patients. Tracheostomy was performed in 20.8% of cases. All patients in our study underwent endoscopic excision of the lesions. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal papillomatosis is the most common benign tumor in children, but it can also occur in adults. Treatment has been revolutionized by progress in endoscopy and antiviral therapy. However, tracheostomy still occupies an important place in our practice.

Manejo quirúrgico de los carcinomas diferenciados de tiroides Experiencia en un país de bajos ingresos / SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMAS. EXPERIENCE IN A LOW INCOME COUNTRY

ience in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinomas in a low- income country. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective study in our department where 21 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinomas were recorded from February 2001 to December 2010. Results: We performed 334 thyroidectomies for 326 patients. Of this group, 21 differentiated thyroid carcinomas were diagnosed. Differentiated thyroid carcinomas represented 6.4% of all thyroid neoplasm managed during the same period (n=326). Median age was 44 years (range 13 - 75 years). Male to female ratio was 1:20. Six (6) patients underwent primary hemithyroidectomy in other institutions while the fifteen left were entirely managed in our clinic. Of them, one patient was referred with positive fine needle aspiration cytology for papillary thyroid carcinoma (incidental detection by fine needle aspiration biopsy) and another had history of sinus pyriform fistula. Pathology of surgical specimens showed 13 cases of papillary thyroid carcinomas and 8 cases of follicular thyroid carcinomas with association to Hashimoto thyroiditis and Grave's disease in respectively in 1 case. Twenty cases were incidentally discovered by thyroid surgery and undergone completion thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection, completion thyroidectomy alone, modified lateral neck dissection alone and surveillance respectively in 13, 1, 1 and 6 cases. Complications of thyroid surgery were bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and hematoma respectively in 1 case. Median hospital stay was 5 days ranged from 3 to 15 days. During the follow-up period, most of our patients were lost of follow-up. Conclusion: Management guidelines of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are well established but not applicable to low- income country for several reasons. National guidelines, based on further researches, must then be implemented to improve our practice

Kyste valléculaire symptomatique de l'adulte. A propos d'un cas

Les kystes valléculaires encore appelés kystes épiglottiques ou kystes basi-linguaux sont des kystes canalaires qui traduisent l'obstruction et la rétention de mucus au niveau des canaux excréteurs, des glandes sous-muqueuses. Ils peuvent se manifester chez le nouveau-né par une détresse respiratoire aiguë, chez l'adulte ils sont le plus souvent asymptomatiques et sont découverts lors d'une laryngoscopie indirecte ou lors d'une intubation.L'objectif de ce travail était de rapporter un cas de kyste valléculaire symptomatique chez un adulte de 50 ans pris en charge au service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale de Hôpital Général de Grand Yoff, Dakar, Sénégal. La nasofibroscopie a objectivé une formation kystique arrondie siégeant au niveau de la vallécule gauche. La tomodensitométrie cervico-faciale a mis en évidence une masse valléculaire gauche hypodense homogène plaquant l'épiglotte contre le plan glottique. Au plan thérapeutique, nous avions effectué une ponction première du kyste suivie de son exérèse complète par électrocoagulation de la base d'implantation. Les suites opératoires étaient simples

Paralysie récurrentielle bilatérale : l'aryténoïdopexie est-elle toujours compétitive ?

Introduction : La Paralysie Récurrentielle (PR) bilatérale en adduction est une situation clinique dramatique. Le traitement repose sur la chirurgie par voie endoscopique couplée au laser. Ce procédé thérapeutique est inaccessible dans beaucoup de pays en développement. La chirurgie par voie externe peut-elle constituer une alternative ? Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective portant sur 20 patients, porteurs d'une PR bilatérale en adduction post-thyroïdectomie, sur une période de 12 ans. Tous les malades ont été traités par abord chirurgical cervical externe. L'appréciation des résultats se faisait sur la possibilité de décanulation et la qualité de la voix.Résultats : Tous les malades étaient de sexe féminin avec un âge moyen de 43 ans. La PR était une complication de la thyroïdectomie totale dans 85% des cas et subtotale dans 15% des cas. L'abord latéral du larynx nous a permis de réaliser 16 aryténoïdopexies selon King et 2 aryténoïdectomies associées à une cordopexie selon Graaf Woodman. L'abord antérieur par thyrotomie, effectué dans 4 cas, a permis de réaliser une aryténoïdectomie dans 1 cas et une cordo-aryténoïdectomie dans 3 cas. La décanulation a été effective chez tous les malades après un délai moyen de 30 jours. Après analyse perceptuelle, chez 11 patients, la qualité de la voix était jugée bonne dans 4cas (36.63%), passable dans 2 (18.18%) et mauvaise dans 5 (45.46%).Conclusion : Nos résultats sont satisfaisants et comparables à ceux des séries des pays développés, usant des procédés endoscopiques au laser

[Survival of malignant and paramalignant pleural effusions in Ouagadougou]. / Survie des pleurésies malignes et paramalignes à Ouagadougou.

This study aimed to present the survival of patients with malignant and paramalignant pleural effusion (MPE) in a context of resource-limited countries. We retrospectively studied patients received for malignant and paramalignant pleural effusion in three health facilities in Ouagadougou from 1st August 2009 to 30 July 2015. Survival was analyzed according to various characteristics related to patients and disease. Eighty patients with a mean age of 54 years were selected. The sex-ratio was 0.9. Sixteen patients had comorbidities. Pleural effusion was revealing, synchronous and metachronous in respectively 55 %, 26.3 % and 17.5 % of cases. Lung cancer was the most common cause of MPE (27.5 %), followed by breast cancer (18.7 %). The median overall survival was 3 months; it varied between primary cancers: 5 months for primary cancer unknown, 4 months for lung cancers and 2 months for breast cancers. Sex and the presence of comorbidities were independent factors influencing survival of patients. In this study, patient survival length is strongly compromised by inadequacies of medical technical equipment.

[Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare professionals at the Souro Sanou university hospital of Bobo Dioulasso regarding Mellitus diabetes]. / Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des professionnels de Sante du centre hospitalier universitaire Souro Sanou de Bobo Dioulasso en Matiere de diabete sucre.

INTRODUCTION: In Burkina Faso, the insufficiency of doctoral interns, of endocrinologists, and medical services specialized in the coverage of the diabetes, means that these cases are relegated to general practitioners and the paramedical staff. OBJECTIVES: To study the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of the medical and paramedical staff on the coverage of sugar diabetes in the Souro Sanou University Hospital of Bobo Dioulasso. METHOD: A cross-sectional study of descriptive type was conducted over a 3 month period, from March 1st to May 31st, 2013. The investigated population was constituted of healthcare professionals represented by general practitioners, female nurses, State-certified male nurses, and patented male nurses of the Souro Sanou University Hospital of Bobo Dioulasso. A questionnaire, adapted for each professional category, was administered to the participants. A notation grid enabled us to record the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of the staff regarding sugar induced diabetes. RESULTS: Three hundred four (304) healthcare professionals, 187 men and 117 women (sex ratio of 1.59) were investigated. The average age was of 40.84 years with extremes of 26 and 60 years. Their level of knowledge, attitude and practice on sugar induced diabetes varied from one professional category to another. Clinical signs of the disease, as well as its physiopathology were well known by healthcare providers. However, the definition of the disease, its diagnostic criteria, its classification by cause, were little known general practitioners. The general practitioners, had a good attitude and practice in front of a case of diabetes compared to other professional categories. CONCLUSION: Adapted staff recycling is essential across the professional categories for healthcare providers of the university hospital.

INTRODUCTION: Au Burkina Faso, l'insuffisance de médecins internistes, d'endocrinologues, et des services médicaux spécialisés dans la prise en charge du diabète sucré, font que les médecins généralistes et le personnel paramédical sont relégués au premier. OBJECTIFS: Etudier le niveau de connaissances, attitudes et pratiques du personnel médical et paramédical sur la prise en charge du diabète sucré au CHU SS de Bobo Dioulasso. MÉTHODE: Il s'est agi d'une étude transversale de type descriptif, déroulée sur trois (03) mois, du 1er mars au 31 mai 2013. La population enquêtée était constituée de professionnels de santé représentés par les médecins généralistes, les attachés de santé, les infirmiers diplômés d'état, les sages-femmes/maïeuticiens d'état, les infirmiers brevetés du CHU SS de Bobo Dioulasso. Un questionnaire a été administré au personnel consentant adaptée à la catégorie professionnelle. Une grille de notation a permis d'apprécier le niveau de connaissance, d'attitude et de pratique du personnel en matière de diabète sucré. RÉSULTATS: Trois cent quatre (304) agents de santé dont 187 hommes (sex ratio = 1,59) ont été enquêtés. Leur moyenne d'âge était de 40,84 ans avec des extrêmes de 26 et 60 ans. Leur niveau de connaissance, d'attitude et de pratique sur le diabète sucré était variable d'une catégorie professionnelle à une autre. Ainsi, les signes cliniques de la maladie, ainsi que sa physiopathologie étaient bien connus par les agents de santé. Cependant, la définition de la maladie, ses critères diagnostiques, sa classification étiologique, étaient peu connus des médecins généralistes. Les médecins généralistes, avaient une bonne attitude et pratique devant un cas de diabète sucré par rapport aux autres catégories professionnelles. CONCLUSION: Des besoins de recyclage du personnel adapté aux catégories professionneles s'avèrent indispensables pour les agents de santé du CHU SS.

[Inventory of fixtures on the tolerance of the treatment) of the resistant multi-tuberculosis (Burkina Faso)]. / Etat des lieux sur la tolerance du traitement de la tuberculose multi resistante (Burkina Faso).

OBJECTIVES: Estimate the tolerance of antituberculous drugs prescribed in the treatment of multi resistant tuberculosis on patients followed in the service of Pneumology of the University hospital of Yalgado Ouedraogo. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective and prospective longitudinal investigation. The files of patients allowed to inform the questionnaire for the retrospective phase (2010-2011), the follow-up of patients during the prospective phase (2011-2013) allowed for data collection. All the patients under antituberculous treatment of 2nd line between January 1st, 2010 and the August 31st, 2013 were included. RESULTS: 71 cases of multi resistant tuberculosis (MRT) were included. The sex-ratio was 3.4. The age bracket from 30 to 39 was the most represented (39.4 %). A notion of tubercular contage was found in 18 (25.3%) patients. All MRT patient had histories of treatment including aminoside lasting more than 2 months. Intolerance of the treatment was reported in 57 patients. Intolerance predominated in 30 to 39 years olds and in Tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients. The neurological (47.9%) and psychiatric (47.9%) infringements were the most represented. Vestibulocochlear impact was seen in 42.3% of cases with 18.3% reporting of total deafness. CONCLUSION: The intolerance of the antituberculous treatment of the second line is real focus for clinicians. Shorter timeframes would avoid certain therapeutic modifications thought to be at the origin of failures.

OBJECTIFS: Apprécier la tolérance des antituberculeux prescrits dans le traitement de la tuberculose multi résistante chez les patients suivis dans le service de Pneumologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHU YO). PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'est agi d'une enquête longitudinale rétrospective et prospective. Les dossiers des patients ont permis de renseigner le questionnaire pour la phase rétrospective (2010­2011), le suivi des patients durant la phase prospective (2011­2013) a permis la collecte des données. Etaient inclus tous les patients sous traitement antituberculeux de 2ème ligne entre le 1er Janvier 2010 et le 31 Aout 2013. RÉSULTATS: Au total 71 cas de tuberculose multi résistante (TB-MDR) ont été recrutés. Le sex- ratio était 3,4. La tranche d'âge de 30 à 39 était la plus représentée (39,4%). Une notion de contage tuberculeux a été retrouvée chez 18 (25,3%) des patients. Tous les patients TB-MR avaient des antécédents de traitement incluant des aminosides de durée supérieure à 2 mois. L'intolérance au traitement a été rapportée chez 57 patients. Elle prédominait chez les 30 à 39 ans et chez les sujets co-infectés Tuberculose/VIH. Les atteintes neurologiques (47,9%) et psychiatriques (47,9%) étaient les plus représentées. L'atteinte vestibulo-cochléaire était de 42,3% avec 18,3% de surdité totale. CONCLUSION: L'intolérance du traitement antituberculeux de deuxième ligne est un véritable hantise pour le clinicien. Des régimes plus courts éviteraient certainement des modifications thérapeutiques à l'origine de survenue d'échecs.

Corps étrangers laryngo-trachéo-bronchiques : à propos de 130 cas

Objectifs : Les objectifs de notre étude étaient de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des corps étrangers des voies respiratoires inférieures à la clinique d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale du centre Hospitalier National et Universitaire de Fann. Patients et méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective, couvrant la période du 1er janvier 2011 au 31 décembre 2013. Nous avons colligé, durant cette période, 130 dossiers de patients âgés de moins de 18 ans qui étaient reçus pour inhalation de corps étrangers. Les endoscopies blanches étaient exclues. Les paramètres étudiés étaient : l'âge, le sexe, la présence ou non d'un syndrome de pénétration, les signes fonctionnels, le délai de consultation, le traitement effectué, la localisation endoscopique, la nature du corps étranger, les données de l'imagerie, l'indication de la trachéotomie et les complications. L'analyse des données était effectuée avec le logiciel Sphinx Lexica V 4.5 2003. Résultats : L'âge moyen de nos patients était de 3,84 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 4 mois à 17 ans. Une prédominance féminine était notée avec un sex-ratio de 0,91. Les patients évacués d'autres pays représen- taient 6,9% des cas. Le délai moyen de consultation était de 8,05 jours. Le syndrome de pénétration était retrouvé dans 78,5% des cas. La radiographie standard mettait en évidence un corps étranger radio-opaque dans 33,1% des cas. La localisation laryngée était la plus fréquente, elle représentait 26,7% des cas. La graine d'arachide était le corps étranger le plus fréquemment retrouvé soit 39,2%. Onze patients étaient trachéotomisés. Quatre cas de décès ont été rapportés soit 3% des cas.Conclusion : L'inhalation d'un corps étranger est un problème de santé publique. L'augmentation de l'incidence de cet accident et la transition épidémiologique impose une meilleure prévention

[Pseudo-tumoral aspergillus rhinosinusitis: About two cases]. / Aspergillose sinusienne invasive pseudo tumorale: à propos de deux cas.

INTRODUCTION: Pseudo-tumoral fongal rhinosinusitis is a rare and benign illness due to saprophyte germ, Aspergillus flavus. OBSERVATION: We reported two cases of invasive pseudo-tumoral fongal rhinosinusitis. CT scan helped with diagnosis and allowed for extension assessment. Complete surgical excision was done through external approach. Bacteriological examination evidenced the germ. DISCUSSION: Pseudo-tumoral invasive fongal rhinosinusitis remains a potentially serious pathology because of its local aggressiveness and its multiple extensions.