Risk factors and sonographic endometrial thickness as predictors of tumour stage and histological subtype of endometrial cancer.

We evaluated the association between risk factors for endometrial cancer (EC) and sonographic endometrial thickness (ET) with FIGO stages at diagnosis. We also reported our experience in reliability of sonographic ET as screening tool for either histologic subtype I and II of EC. It was a case series study including 339 patients diagnosed with EC from 2010 to 2017 at the Ipswich Hospital, UK. Women with higher body mass index (BMI) presented at earlier stages when compared to women with lower BMIs (p-value = .046). By contrast, none of the variables: parity (p-value = .1630), use of HRT (p-value 0.7448), tamoxifen (p-value 0.0733) and diabetes (p-value = .1665) were statistically associated to FIGO stages. The mean of ET measurement was not statistically significant associated (p-value 0.0625) to stages. There was no statistic difference on mean ET at diagnosis between histologic subtypes I or II (p-value 0.804). According to our experience, BMI is associated to FIGO stage and endometrial sampling (ES) should be included in the working diagnosis of EC to obtain an early diagnosis in women with high BMIs even in premenopausal. Ultrasonographic measurement of the endometrium is equally reliable at determining cancer, but not at differentiating histologic subtypes I and II uterine cancers. However, ET does not correlate to FIGO stages at diagnosis.

Impact of surgical site infection (SSI) following gynaecological cancer surgery in the UK: a trainee-led multicentre audit and service evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: Surgical site infection (SSI) complicates 5% of all surgical procedures in the UK and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and a substantial drain on healthcare resources. Little is known about the incidence of SSI and its consequences in women undergoing surgery for gynaecological cancer. Our aim was to perform the first national audit of SSI following gynaecological cancer surgery through the establishment of a UK-wide trainee-led research network. DESIGN AND SETTING: In a prospective audit, we collected data from all women undergoing laparotomy for suspected gynaecological cancer at 12 specialist oncology centres in the UK during an 8-week period in 2015. Clinicopathological data were collected, and wound complications and their sequelae were recorded during the 30 days following surgery. RESULTS: In total, 339 women underwent laparotomy for suspected gynaecological cancer during the study period. A clinical diagnosis of SSI was made in 54 (16%) women. 33% (18/54) of women with SSI had prolonged hospital stays, and 11/37 (29%) had their adjuvant treatment delayed or cancelled. Multivariate analysis found body mass index (BMI) was the strongest risk factor for SSI (OR 1.08[95% CI 1.03 to 1.14] per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI [p=0.001]). Wound drains (OR 2.92[95% CI 1.41 to 6.04], p=0.004) and staple closure (OR 3.13[95% CI 1.50 to 6.56], p=0.002) were also associated with increased risk of SSI. CONCLUSIONS: SSI is common in women undergoing surgery for gynaecological cancer leading to delays in discharge and adjuvant treatment. Resultant delays in adjuvant treatment may impact cancer-specific survival rates. Modifiable factors, such as choice of wound closure material, offer opportunities for reducing SSI and reducing morbidity in these women. There is a clear need for new trials in SSI prevention in this patient group; our trainee-led initiative provides a platform for their successful completion.

The Current Burden of Follow-up of Stage 1A1 Cervical Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the current burden and consistency of stage 1A1 cervical cancer follow-up within Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of women diagnosed with and treated of, between 2007 and 2011, stage 1A1 cervical cancer in Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board. Data were collected on referral cytology, definitive method of treatment, posttreatment cytology, and rate of recurrence. Outcomes included rate of recurrence, abnormal cytology, and number of interventions during follow-up. RESULTS: Of the 78 women diagnosed with stage 1A1 cervical cancer, 43 had a LLETZ (large loop excision of the transformation zone) as definitive treatment. Ninety percent of stage 1A1 cervical cancers were diagnosed following abnormal screening cytology. Almost 86% of all cytology post-LLETZ were negative. Only 1 woman had a recurrence. No posthysterectomy vault smears were low-grade dyskaryosis or worse. CONCLUSIONS: There is a very low rate of abnormal cytology after LLETZ. Vault smears are of limited benefit in the management of women posthysterectomy for stage 1A1 cervical cancer.