Sensation and Repercussion of the Use of Humid Heat in the Treatment of Dysphonia due to Laryngitis in Singers.

PURPOSE: To verify the efficiency of thermotherapy perceptively and acoustically with hot vapor in the treatment of acute laryngitis. METHODS: This is a pre and post test quasi-experimental study without a control group, approved by the ethics committee. Its sample counted with 65 singers - 37 females (56.9%) and 28 males (43.1%), mean age 33.7 years (±7.9) years, nonsmokers, with dysphonia due to acute laryngitis. They were submitted to videolaryngostroboscopy and perceptive-acoustic assessment of the voice before and 30 minutes after applying the inhalation of hot vapor. The appropriate statistical tests were used, adopting the significance level lower than 0.05. RESULTS: In the acoustic assessment, there was a statistically significant improvement in jitter and shimmer for vowels A and E, P < 0.001. The F0 assessed separately per sex, as it presented a significant difference, P < 0.001. The women's F0 results before and after the heat were higher than the men's. In the analysis of the acoustic results based on harmonics-to-noise ratio and normalized noise energy, there was significant improvement after the heat. All the mean values increased after the heat. There was a statistically significant decrease in the parameters related to the perceptive-auditory assessment for G (grade of hoarseness), R (roughness), B (breathiness), and S (strain). Of the 47 singers that scored 2 for G, 28 (59.6%) reduced it to 1 after the heat, P < 0.001. All the 45 that scored 2 for R reduced it to 1, P = 0.011. Of the 8 who scored 2 for B, 6 (75%) reduced it to 1, P = 0.020. All the 28 singers that scored 1 for S reduced it to 0, P < 0.001. Only for A (asthenia), there was no significant improvement, P = 0.513. The results of the videolaryngostroboscopy revealed a statistically significant difference in all parameters analyzed, such as hyperemia, edema, muco-undulatory movement, and glottal coaptation. CONCLUSION: The thermotherapy with using humid heat, provide symptomatic benefits in the treatment of dysphonia caused by laryngitis, demonstrating that the hyperthermoterapy is a potential auxiliary therapeutic resource for the treatment of acute dysphonia due to laryngitis since the intervention with the technique proposed increased the voice quality. It is suggested that this method be used in speech-language clinical practice and that new studies be conducted with stronger designs for its efficacy to be confirmed.

Associação entre disfunção temporomandibular e zumbido em idosos / Association between temporomandibular disorders and tinnitus in the elderly

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a associação entre zumbido e disfunção temporomandibular em idosos. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com a inclusão de idosos com vida independente. A disfunção temporomandibular foi avaliada por exame odontológico e o zumbido foi verificado pela história médica. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado, o risco relativo e a regressão logística. Resultados O zumbido foi observado em 82,9% dos indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular e, através desta análise, observou-se que a disfunção temporomandibular é um fator de risco para o zumbido. Conclusão Houve associação entre zumbido e disfunção temporomandibular na população idosa. Ressalta-se a importância de identificar fatores de risco para o zumbido, que podem ser modificados por meio de intervenções específicas, uma vez que esta prática é essencial na prevenção de episódios futuros, bem como na gestão do processo de tratamento de pacientes idosos, em geral.

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the association between tinnitus and temporomandibular dysfunction in the elderly. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted with the inclusion of elderly individuals with independent living. Temporomandibular dysfunction was assessed by odontological evaluation and tinnitus was verified by medical history. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, relative risk and logistic regression. Results Tinnitus was observed in 82.9% of individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction and through this analysis is shown that temporomandibular dysfunction as a risk factor for tinnitus. Conclusion The results showed that there was association between tinnitus and temporomandibular dysfunction in the elderly population and emphasizes the importance of identifying risk factors for tinnitus that can be modified through specific interventions, since it is essential in the prevention of future episodes, as well as managing the process of treatment of elderly patients in general.

Funcionamento do músculo bucinador em bebês que utilizam e não utilizam bicos artificiais / Operation of the buccinator muscle in babies using and not using artificial tips

Com objetivo de identificar e comparar o funcionamento do músculo bucinador em bebês que utilizam e não utilizam bicos artificiais, foi realizada eletromiografia de superfície em 14 bebês entre zero e seis meses de idade, divididos em três grupos: Grupo A, com cinco bebês que utilizam mamadeira e chupeta; Grupo B, com três bebês amamentados e que utilizam chupeta, e Grupo C, com seis bebês que são apenas amamentados, sem uso de chupeta; e mamadeira. A análise quantitativa foi realizada por meio das medianas e RMS de cada grupo. Observou-se que o Grupo A revelou os maiores valores de contração muscular, o Grupo B valores intermediários e o Grupo C, os menores valores de contração do músculo bucinador, devido ao fato de que nos bicos artificiais há maior atividade deste músculo do que em aleitamento materno. Conclui-se que, a partir do momento em que o bebê inicia a sucção de um bico artificial, ocorre aumento da atividade desse músculo. Quando há uso de dois bicos, a atividade é maior ainda e em aleitamento materno a atividade é menor, já que a função do músculo bucinador refere-se apenas à manutenção da mama na cavidade oral do bebê. Deste modo, não há indicação do uso de bicos artificiais em bebês, pois a atividade aumentada dos bucinadores pode trazer consequências negativas ao crescimento das estruturas orais ou no desempenho das funções do sistema estomatognático (sucção, mastigação, deglutição, respiração, expressão facial e articulação dos sons da fala).

Probable Correlation between Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Vertigo in the Elderly

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) covers a variety of clinical problems, and some epidemiologic studies have tried to indicate mechanisms of interaction and association between vertigo and TMD, but this topic still is controversial. Objective  To assess the presence of vertigo in elderly patients associated with TMD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the inclusion of elderly individuals who lived independently. TMD was assessed by dental evaluation and vertigo was verified by medical history. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square and relative risk. Results  There was a significant association (p = 0.0256) between the TMD and vertigo (odds ratio = 2.3793). Conclusion: These results highlighted the importance of identifying risk factors for vertigo that can be modified through specific interventions, which is essential to prevent future episodes, as well as managing the process of rehabilitation of elderly patients in general...

Probable Correlation between Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Vertigo in the Elderly.

Introduction Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) covers a variety of clinical problems, and some epidemiologic studies have tried to indicate mechanisms of interaction and association between vertigo and TMD, but this topic still is controversial. Objective To assess the presence of vertigo in elderly patients associated with TMD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with the inclusion of elderly individuals who lived independently. TMD was assessed by dental evaluation and vertigo was verified by medical history. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square and relative risk. Results There was a significant association (p = 0.0256) between the TMD and vertigo (odds ratio = 2.3793). Conclusion These results highlighted the importance of identifying risk factors for vertigo that can be modified through specific interventions, which is essential to prevent future episodes, as well as managing the process of rehabilitation of elderly patients in general.

Association between Ear Fullness, Earache, and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in the Elderly.

Introduction An earache (otalgia or ear pain) is pain in one or both ears that may last a short or long time. Earache is prevalent in the population with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), but there is a dearth of epidemiologic studies regarding the association between TMJD and ear pain and ear fullness in older people. Objective To assess the presence of earache and ear fullness in elderly patients with TMJD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in independently living, elderly individuals. TMJD was assessed by dental evaluation and earache was verified by medical history. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and relative risk. Results Of the 197 subjects evaluated in this part of the study, 22 had earache, and 35 was verified by ear fullness. Of the 22 subjects with earache, none had conductive or mixed hearing loss in the ears tested. There was a significant association (p = 0.036) between the TMJD and earache (odds ratio = 2.3), but there was no significant association between the TMJD and ear fullness. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of identifying risk factors for earache that can be modified through specific interventions, which is essential in the prevention of future episodes, as well as managing the process of treatment of elderly patients in general.

Association between Ear Fullness, Earache, and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in the Elderly

Introduction An earache (otalgia or ear pain) is pain in one or both ears that may last a short or long time. Earache is prevalent in the population with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), but there is a dearth of epidemiologic studies regarding the association between TMJD and ear pain and ear fullness in older people. Objective To assess the presence of earache and ear fullness in elderly patients with TMJD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in independently living, elderly individuals. TMJD was assessed by dental evaluation and earache was verified by medical history. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and relative risk. Results Of the 197 subjects evaluated in this part of the study, 22 had earache, and 35 was verified by ear fullness. Of the 22 subjects with earache, none had conductive or mixed hearing loss in the ears tested. There was a significant association (p = 0.036) between the TMJD and earache (odds ratio = 2.3), but there was no significant association between the TMJD and ear fullness. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of identifying risk factors for earache that can be modified through specific interventions, which is essential in the prevention of future episodes, as well as managing the process of treatment of elderly patients in general...