ABSTRACT
Besides post-thawing reduced semen quality, there are some difficulties in the execution of the endoscopic transcervical intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed semen in bitches. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate behavioral and reproductive parameters (i.e., vaginal cytology and serum progesterone level) to determine time of insemination and to investigate the particularities and difficulties of this technique in bitches using fresh semen. Ten Labrador Retriever bitches were submitted to three endoscopic transcervical intrauterine AIs (with 48 h intervals). Oestrus and ovulation period were established by behaviour evaluation, progesterone assays and vaginal cytology, enabling optimal timing for AI during oestrus. During AI, the following aspects were evaluated: cervical os catheterization difficulty, semen deposition resistance, occurrence of semen backflow, and time required to perform the AI. In this study, it was possible to catheterize the cervical os in all bitches, with different degrees of difficulty, by manipulating the equipment to allow cervical visualization and catheter introduction in the cervical canal. Serial serum progesterone assays enabled estimation of LH surge day, and thus of ovulation. The pregnancy rate was 90%, with a litter size of 5.0 ± 2.6 puppies per bitch. It was concluded that the difficulties in the execution of the endoscopic transcervical intrauterine AI technique in Labrador Retriever bitches were minimized by the equipment manipulation and practical experience.
Subject(s)
Dogs , Hysteroscopy/veterinary , Insemination, Artificial/veterinary , Animals , Female , Insemination, Artificial/methods , Male , Pregnancy , SemenABSTRACT
Esse estudo objetivou caracterizar clinicamente a fase inicial da pododermatite séptica em bovinos. Foram utilizadas 30 fêmeas bovinas, Girolando, de propriedades rurais do Estado de Goiás, submetidas às mesmas condições de manejo. Após o diagnóstico, foram submetidas a exame clínico específico dos dígitos, diariamente, por um período de quinze dias. Considerou-se o término da fase inicial a presença de fístula no espaço interdigital ou quando se completava o período de observação. Foram identificados o tipo de solo e o período do ano (chuvoso e seco). Durante a evolução da doença, o edema e a sensibilidade intensificaram de forma progressiva. Em 73,33% dos casos, a enfermidade ocorreu no membro pélvico. Em 50,00% observou-se edema moderado e 26,67%, edema acentuado, considerando ambos os membros. A fistulação ocorreu em 83,33% animais doentes até o sexto dia, em 10% entre o sétimo e o décimo primeiro dia e em 6,67% não ocorreu. As áreas de fistulação ocorreram no ponto médio do espaço interdigital em 63,33%; na região dorsal do espaço interdigital em 16,67% e no cório-coronário da região abaxial do estojo córneo em 10,00% e na porção palmar/ plantar entre os talões em 3,33% dos casos. A pododermatite séptica apresentou os mesmos sinais clínicos nas propriedades avaliadas e nos diferentes períodos do ano, variando apenas o tempo e o local de fistulação. O tempo médio transcorrido entre o diagnóstico e o a fistulação foi de cinco dias, sendo que o local de maior ocorrência foi o ponto médio do espaço interdigital.
This study aimed to describe the clinical signs of the initial phase of septic pododermatitis in thirty female girolando bovines under the same handling care from different farms in State of Goiás. Following the diagnosis, they were submitted to daily clinical examination of the hoofs during fifteen days. It was considered as the end of the initial phase the presence of fistula in interdigital space or when the observation time over. It was observed the farms soil type and the period of the year (if rainy and dryness). During the disease evolution, edema and pain increased in progressive order until skin disruption and fistula formation. In 73,33%, the illness envolved the hind limbs. In 50,00% it was observed moderate edema and 26,67% intense edema in both limbs. Fistula occurred in 83,33% ill animals until sixth day, in 10% between seventh and eleventh days and in 6,67% of the cases it wast observed. Fistulation areas were middle point of interdigital space in 63,33%; dorsal region of interdigital space in 16,67% and in coronary corium of the abaxial region of the hoof in 10,00% and in palmar/plantar region between coronary cushion in 3,33% of cases. The septic pododermatitis showed the same clinical signs in farms considered in this study and in different periods of the year, differing in time and fistula site. The average time from diagnosis and fistulation was five days. The more commom site was the middle point of the interdigital space.
