ABSTRACT
Resumo Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo clínico retrospectivo foi verificar os efeitos da Expansão Maxilar Rápida (EMR) e Expansão Maxilar Lenta (EML) na cavidade nasal e seio maxilar em pacientes com dentição mista, por meio de Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC). Material e Métodos: Trinta e nove crianças entre 7 e 10 anos foram divididas em dois grupos: EMR (n=20) e EML (n=19). Ambos os grupos tiveram a mesma quantidade de expansão maxilar (8mm), mas com diferentes protocolos (EMR=0.4mm/dia, EML=0.4mm/semana). Três diferentes áreas da cavidade nasal foram avaliadas: Anterior (CNA), Intermediária (CNI) e Posterior (CNP), bem como o seio maxilar na região mais anterior (SN). As alterações em cada grupo foram avaliadas através do test t pareado. Teste t student foi utilizado para verificar a diferença entre os grupos. O teste de Scheffé post hoc e ANOVA two-way foram utilizados para comparações múltiplas dentro de cada grupo. Resultados: A expansão maxilar promoveu aumento da largura da cavidade nasal nos dois grupos. Embora não significativa, a cavidade nasal apresentou maiores expansões de anterior para posterior (CNA= 2.23mm, CNI=1.73mm e CNP=1.54mm) no grupo EMR. Nenhum dos dois grupos apresentaram alterações significativas na amplitude do seio maxilar. Conclusões: A expansão maxilar promove aumento na amplitude da cavidade nasal na expansão maxilar rápida e lenta.(AU)
Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the effects in nasal cavity and maxillary sinus of the Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) and the Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME) in mixed dentition patients using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: Thirty-nine children between 7-10 years old were allocated into two groups: RME (n=20) and SME (n=19). Both groups received the same amount of expansion (8mm), but with different protocols (RME=0.4mm/day and SME=0.4mm/week). Three different areas of the nasal cavity were evaluated: Anterior (ANC), Intermediate (INC), and Posterior (PNC). Student t-test and paired t-test were applied to comparison between and within group changes. Scheffé post hoc test and two-way ANOVA were used for multiple comparisons within each group. Results:Both Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) and Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME) promoted widening of the nasal cavity. Although not significant, RME presented larger widening from anterior to posterior areas of the nasal cavity (ANC=2.23mm, INC=1.73mm, e PNC=1.54mm). None of the groups showed significant alterations in the maxillary sinus amplitude. Conclusions: Maxillary expansion promotes widening in the nasal cavity amplitude in Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) and Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME). (AU)
Subject(s)
Palatal Expansion Technique , Dentition, Mixed , Maxillary Sinus , Nasal CavityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to formulate and to evaluate the immediate and long-term physical, chemical and antibacterial properties of an experimental adhesive resin with chitosan or triclosan-loaded chitosan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chitosan, triclosan and triclosan-loaded chitosan were evaluated for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. An experimental adhesive resin was formulated with methacrylate monomers and photoinitiators. Chitosan or triclosan-loaded chitosan were added at 2 (GQ2% and GQT2%) or 5 (GQ5% and GQT5%) wt.% in the base resin. The base resin was used as control (GCTRL). The adhesives were evaluated for degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness (KHN), softening in solvent (ΔKHN), immediate and long-term microtensile bond-strength (µ-TBS) and antibacterial activity. RESULTS: SEM indicated triclosan sticks and chitosan porosity. Triclosan-loaded chitosan presented structures on chitosan. Micro-Raman indicated no chemical interaction between chitosan and triclosan. There was no difference among groups for DC (p > 0.05). Initial KHN ranged from 17.36 (±1.56) to 20.38 (±1.72), with higher value for GQT5% compared to GCTRL (p < 0.05). GCTRL presented the lowest ΔKHN% (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the immediate or long-term µ-TBS (p > 0.05). GCTRL and GQ2% decreased the µ-TBS after storage (p < 0.05). Chitosan groups showed higher biofilm formation (p < 0.05). Triclosan-loaded chitosan groups presented lower biofilm formation (p < 0.05). There was no activity against planktonic bacteria regardless the time of evaluation (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Triclosan-loaded chitosan at 5 wt.% addition in an experimental adhesive resin showed reliable properties, with the highest antibacterial activity immediately and after six months, and induced dentin/adhesive interface stability over time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Triclosan-loaded chitosan groups showed antibacterial activity immediately and over time and induced dentin/adhesive interface stability, may positively affecting long-lasting marginal sealing.
