"God gives me hope!": Hospitalized children's perception of the influence of religion in coping with chronic illness.

PURPOSE: The mechanism of the impact of religion on health is still unclear, especially in children and adolescents with chronic illness who live in religious contexts. This study aimed to understand the influence of religion on coping with chronic diseases from the perspective of hospitalized children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer, type 1 diabetes mellitus and cystic fibrosis. DESIGN AND METHODS: Qualitative descriptive research used photo-elicitation interviews with 35 Brazilian children and adolescents with cancer, type 1 diabetes mellitus and cystic fibrosis, aged between 7 and 17 years old. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze qualitative data. RESULTS: Participants were diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (14.3%), cancer (57.1%), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (28.6%) and 82.9% had a religious affiliation. Three themes were constructed: finding strength and support in the relationship with the divine, religion as an important source of meaning, and religious practice as a promoter of well-being. These themes demonstrate that children and adolescents themselves perceived their illness as a journey through which their faith grew. CONCLUSIONS: This research shows the influence of religion on the positive coping of chronic illness, being a source of strength and support from the relationship with the divine, as well as offering a source of meaning, purpose and well-being based on religious practices. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study supports clinical practice, based on the recognition of the patient as a religious and spiritualized person who has spiritual beliefs and needs that are capable of influencing treatment.

Concordância entre agravos bucais autorreferidos durante e após a COVID-19 e condições clínicas de pacientes de um município do Sul do Brasil / Agreement between self-reported oral disorders during and after COVID-19 and clinical conditions of patients in municiplity in Southerm Brazil

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar a concordância entre agravos bucais autorreferidos durante e após a COVID-19 e condições clínicas de pacientes do município de Palhoça-SC. Materiais e Método: Estudo exploratório, transversal de base quantitativa descritiva com 30 participantes que possuíram testagem positiva para COVID-19 no município de Palhoça-SC. Cada paciente participou de uma avaliação clínica, identificando os agravos bucais, nessa mesma oportunidade, foram registrados dados sociodemográficos e condições bucais autorreferidas. Todas as análises foram conduzidas pelo Software Stata® versão 13. Análises descritivas, inferenciais pelo teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson (α=5%). Concordância entre presença dos agravos bucais autorreferidos e presença do agravo avaliado clinicamente, pelo coeficiente Kappa e classificadas como: fraca 0 a 0,20; razoável 0,41 a 0,60; boa 0,61 a 0,80; muito boa 0,81 a 0,92; e excelente 0,93 a 1,00. Resultados: A maioria da amostra foram de mulheres (70%), com idade entre 36-59 anos (56,6%) e de baixa renda (70%). Houve concordância boa entre presença de cárie e relato de dor (Kappa=0,70), e para o diagnóstico clínico de sangramento gengival e autopercepção ruim/péssima a classificação também foi boa (Kappa=0,72). Todavia, a concordância entre o relato de sintomas de boca seca e baixo fluxo salivar foi considerada razoável (Kappa=0,57), assim como, para a presença de bolsa periodontal e o relato de autopercepção ruim/péssima (Kappa=0,41). Conclusão: A autopercepção das condições de saúde bucal durante a pandemia foi concordante com determinadas condições clínicas que necessitam de atendimento odontológico, corrobando com as preocupações sobre o agravamento das condições bucais durante a pandemia.(AU)

Aim: To identify the concordance between self-reported oral health problems during and after COVID-19 and clinical conditions of patients in the city of Palhoça-SC. Materials and Method: Exploratory, cross-sectional study with a descriptive quantitative base, formatted by 30 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 in the municipality of Palhoça-SC. Each patient participated in a clinical evaluation, identifying oral health problems. At the same time, sociodemographic data and self-reported oral conditions were recorded. All analyzes were performed using the Stata® Software, version 13. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were performed using Pearson's chi-square test (α=5%). Agreement between the presence of self-reported oral health problems and the presence of the clinically evaluated disease, by the Kappa coefficient and classified as: weak 0 to 0.20; take 0.21 to 0.40; reasonable 0.41 to 0.60; good 0.61 to 0.80; very good 0.81 to 0.92; and excellent 0.93 to 1.00. Results: Most of the sample were women (70%), aged between 36-59 years (56.6%) and low-income (70%). There was good agreement between the presence of caries and reported pain (Kappa=0.70), and for the clinical diagnosis of gingival bleeding and bad/very poor self-perception, the classification was also good (Kappa=0.72). However, the agreement between the report of symptoms of dry mouth and low salivary flow was considered reasonable (Kappa=0.57), as well as the presence of periodontal pockets and the report of poor/terrible self-perception (Kappa=0.41). Conclusion: The self-perception of oral health conditions during the pandemic was consistent with certain clinical conditions that require dental care, corroborating concerns about the worsening of oral conditions during the pandemic.(AU)

The Peptide Salamandrin-I Modulates Components Involved in Pyroptosis and Induces Cell Death in Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60.

Amphibian secretions have been extensively investigated for the production of bioactive molecules. Salamandrin-I is an antioxidant peptide, isolated from the skin secretion of the fire salamander, that has induced no toxicity in microglia or erythrocytes. Importantly, the administration of antioxidants may constitute an adequate therapeutic approach to cancer treatment. Here, with the purpose of better characterizing the therapeutic potential of salamandrin-I, we investigated whether this antioxidant peptide also exerts anticancer activity, using the human leukemia cell line HL-60 as a cancer model. Salamandrin-I treatment induced a significant reduction in HL-60 proliferation, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the peptide-induced cell death showed a significant increase in the LDH release in HL-60 cells. The cellular toxicity exerted by salamandrin-I is possibly related to pyroptosis, since the HL-60 cells showed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and hyperexpression of inflammasome components following the peptide treatment. This is the first demonstration of the anticancer potential of the salamandrin-I peptide. Such results are important, as they offer relevant insights into the field of cancer therapy and allow the design of future bioactive molecules using salamandrin-I as a template.

A cross-sectional study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive function in Brazilian youths.

We carried out an exploratory study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive functions in Brazilian preadolescents. The study included 56 participants (31 males) aged 8 to 14 years old (mean = 11.3, SD = 1.0). We administered neuropsychological tests to evaluate executive functions and the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) to evaluate exposure to violence. We used the following neuropsychological instruments: Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Stroop Color-Word Interference task, digits subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and an N-back task. We generated a composite score from neuropsychological test scores and investigated the association of that score, and individual test scores, with exposure to violence and socioeconomic status (SES). Results suggest, first, that exposure to violence is associated with a 0.5-point lower intelligence quotient score for every reported victimization event in the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Results also show that the digits backward subtest scores showed a significant negative correlation with exposure to violence (JVQ; rho = -0.29, p < 0.05); both analyses were adjusted for the level of schooling of parents or guardians, which was also found to be significantly associated with lower intelligence quotient scores. We discuss results in the light of the existing literature on the effects of exposure to violence on adolescent development, and the amounting evidence that suggests an association of exposure to violence, and of victimization, with tests that evaluate constructs of executive functions. The study struggled with low compliance from participants, and we underscore the challenges of carrying out empirical studies aimed at better understanding the development of underrepresented youths, such as those from Central and Latin America.

A cross-sectional study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive function in Brazilian youths

Abstract We carried out an exploratory study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive functions in Brazilian preadolescents. The study included 56 participants (31 males) aged 8 to 14 years old (mean = 11.3, SD = 1.0). We administered neuropsychological tests to evaluate executive functions and the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) to evaluate exposure to violence. We used the following neuropsychological instruments: Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Stroop Color-Word Interference task, digits subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and an N-back task. We generated a composite score from neuropsychological test scores and investigated the association of that score, and individual test scores, with exposure to violence and socioeconomic status (SES). Results suggest, first, that exposure to violence is associated with a 0.5-point lower intelligence quotient score for every reported victimization event in the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Results also show that the digits backward subtest scores showed a significant negative correlation with exposure to violence (JVQ; rho = -0.29, p < 0.05); both analyses were adjusted for the level of schooling of parents or guardians, which was also found to be significantly associated with lower intelligence quotient scores. We discuss results in the light of the existing literature on the effects of exposure to violence on adolescent development, and the amounting evidence that suggests an association of exposure to violence, and of victimization, with tests that evaluate constructs of executive functions. The study struggled with low compliance from participants, and we underscore the challenges of carrying out empirical studies aimed at better understanding the development of underrepresented youths, such as those from Central and Latin America.

Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre el síndrome de escroto agudo

RESUMEN El síndrome de escroto agudo es una urgencia quirúrgica, que si no se hace una evolución adecuada y existen demoras en el diagnostico puede el paciente tener daños irreversibles en la viabilidad testicular. Se presenta la Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre el síndrome de escroto agudo con el objetivo de hacer una actualización sobre el tema y proporcionar un instrumento asistencial y docente en los servicios de cirugía pediátrica del país. Varias enfermedades pueden ser la causa de aparición del síndrome de escroto agudo, entre ellas, la torsión testicular, la torsión de hidátides testiculares y la orquiepididimitis. El síntoma fundamental es el dolor testicular y requiere generalmente tratamiento quirúrgico. El tratamiento oportuno de estos pacientes evita complicaciones como la necesidad de orquiectomia, la esterilidad y reincorpora más rápidamente al paciente a su actividad social.

ABSTRACT Acute scrotum syndrome is a surgical emergency, which if an adequate evolution is not made and there are delays in the diagnosis, the patient can have irreversible damage in the testicular viability. The Clinical Practice Guidelines on acute scrotum syndrome is presented with the aim of updating the subject and providing a care and teaching instrument in the pediatric surgery services of the country. Several diseases can be the cause of the onset of acute scrotum syndrome, including testicular torsion, testicular hydatid torsion, and orchiepididymitis. The fundamental symptom is testicular pain and usually requires surgical treatment. The timely treatment of these patients avoids complications such as the need for orchiectomy, sterility, and that way the patient is more quickly reincorporated into his social activity.

Coleta de dados de enfermagem direcionada ao adulto e ao idoso hospitalizado: uma revisão integrativa / Nursing data collection for adults and hospitalized elderly: an integrative review / Recolección de datos de enfermería de los adultos y adultos mayores hospitalizados: revisión integradora

Objetivo: Identificar, na literatura científica, como vem sendo realizada a coleta de dados de enfermagem direcionada ao adulto e/ou idoso hospitalizado. Método: Revisão integrativa realizada, entre dezembro de 2020 e março de 2021, nas base de dados: PubMed®, LILACS, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados: Seis estudos compuseram a revisão e revelaram a necessidade da coleta ser fundamentada em um referencial teórico, com sistematização da anamnese e do exame físico; além de citarem, dentre outros aspectos, as principais recomendações quando a coleta envolver um adulto e/ou idoso hospitalizado. Conclusão: As abordagens foram consideradas abrangentes e não caracterizam as especificidades que envolvem a coleta de dados direcionada a um paciente adulto e/ou idoso no contexto hospitalar. Sugere-se, portanto, o desenvolvimento de pesquisas relacionadas à identificação de tais especificidades na prática clínica (AU).

Objective: To identify, in the scientific literature, how nursing data collection has been performed directed to the adult and/or hospitalized elderly. Method: Integrative review carried, between December 2020 and March 2021, in the databases: PubMed®, LILACS, Scopus and Web of Science. Results: Six studies comprised the review and revealed the need for the collection to be based on a theoretical framework, with systematization of the anamnesis and physical examination; in addition to mentioning, among other aspects, the main recommendations when the collection involves an adult and/or hospitalized elderly. Conclusion: The approaches were considered comprehensive and do not characterize the specificities that involve data collection directed to an adult and/or elderly patient in the hospital context. Therefore, it is suggested the development of research related to the identification of such specificities in clinical practice (AU).

Objetivo: Identificar, en la literatura científica, cómo se ha realizado hasta ahora la recolección de datos de enfermería de los adultos y/o adultos mayores hospitalizados. Método: Revisión integradora realizada, entre diciembre de 2020 y marzo de 2021, en las bases de datos: PubMed®, LILACS, Scopus y Web of Science. Resultados: La revisión estuvo compuesta por seis estudios que revelaron que es necesario que la recolección se base en un marco teórico, que se sistematicen la anamnesis y el examen físico; y que además mencione, entre otros aspectos, las principales recomendaciones cuando la recolección involucra a un adulto y/o adulto mayor hospitalizado. Conclusión: Se considera que los enfoques son generales y no determinan las especificidades que tiene la relección de datos de un paciente adulto y/o adulto mayor en el contexto hospitalario. Por lo tanto, se sugiere que se realicen investigaciones relacionadas con la identificación de dichas especificidades en la práctica clínica (AU).

Altas habilidades/superdotação e ambiente escolar: uma revisão de literatura / High abilities/giftedness and school environment: A bibliographic review

Estudos realizados na literatura brasileira mostram o crescimento do número das produções de artigos e pesquisas referentes às crianças com altas habilidades/superdotação no contexto escolar. Este artigo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura de produções em plataformas digitais e, posteriormente, analisados e discutidos, com o intuito de agrupar informações científicas existentes sobre a temática e compreender quais são as lacunas existentes no processo de desenvolvimento das habilidades dessas crianças. Constata-se a existência de barreiras nas relações que permeiam o público pesquisado, principalmente quando se mencionam as interações no ambiente escolar. Pela análise dos resultados, pode-se concluir que os estereótipos e os mitos vinculados às crianças com altas habilidades influenciam na aprendizagem e em suas interações.

The Brazilian literature shows an increase in the number of studies and scientific research on children with high abilities/giftedness in the school context. This paper presents a bibliographic review of research founded in digital platforms, and afterwards, analyzed and discussed in the aim of grouping scientific information to extend the current knowledge on this theme and to understand the missing parts in the development of the abilities of this public. Furthermore, it is verified that these children present difficulties in their social interaction, mostly, in school. These results suggest that the stereotypes and the common sense attached to high abilities' children have influences in their learning and social interactions.

Improvement of Non-motor Symptoms and Quality of Life After Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Dystonia: A 1-Year Follow-Up.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a treatment option for refractory dystonia's motor symptoms, while its non-motor symptoms (NMS) have been less systematically assessed. We aimed to describe the effects of DBS on NMS in refractory generalized inherited/idiopathic dystonia prospectively. Methods: We evaluated patients before and 1 year after DBS surgery and applied the following scales: Burke-Fahn-Marsden Rating Scale (BFMRS), NMS Scale for Parkinson's Disease (NMSS-PD), Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8, short-form Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), and short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Results: Eleven patients (38.35 ± 11.30 years) underwent surgery, all with generalized dystonia. Motor BFMRS subscore was 64.36 ± 22.94 at baseline and 33.55 ± 17.44 1 year after DBS surgery (47.9% improvement, p = 0.003). NMSS-PD had a significant change 12 months after DBS, from 70.91 ± 59.07 to 37.18 ± 55.05 (47.5% improvement, p = 0.013). NMS changes were mainly driven by changes in the gastrointestinal (p = 0.041) and miscellaneous domains (p = 0.012). Seven patients reported chronic pain before DBS and four after it. BPI's severity and interference scores were 4.61 ± 2.84 and 4.12 ± 2.67, respectively, before surgery, and 2.79 ± 2.31 (0.00-6.25) and 1.12 ± 1.32 (0.00-3.00) after, reflecting a significant improvement (p = 0.043 and p = 0.028, respectively). NPSI score was 15.29 ± 13.94 before, while it was reduced to 2.29 ± 2.98 afterward (p = 0.028). MPQ's total score was 9.00 ± 3.32 before DBS, achieving 2.71 ± 2.93 after (p = 0.028). Conclusions: DBS improves NMS in generalized inherited/idiopathic dystonia, including chronic pain.

Spiritual Needs of Brazilian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses: A Thematic Analysis.

PURPOSE: To identify the spiritual needs of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses and how these needs are met by health professionals during hospitalization. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was developed with 35 children and adolescents, between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with cancer, cystic fibrosis, and type 1 diabetes. Interviews with photo-elicitation were conducted during the hospitalization at a Brazilian public pediatric hospital. Findings were treated using thematic analysis, and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) was followed for quality reporting. This research was approved by a research committee. RESULTS: Two themes emerged. The first, entitled 'Spiritual needs', encompasses five types of needs: (1) need to integrate meaning and purpose in life; (2) need to sustain hope; (3) need for expression of faith and to follow religious practices; (4) need for comfort at the end of life; and (5) need to connect with family and friends. The second theme was the 'Definition of spiritual care'. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with chronic illnesses have spiritual needs while in hospital. Meeting these needs is essential for finding meaning, purpose and hope in the experience of living with chronic illnesses and at the end of life, based on their faith, beliefs and interpersonal relationships. But, these needs have not been fully addressed during hospitalization. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: These results emphasize the need to implement spiritual care when caring for hospitalized pediatric patients, which includes addressing spiritual needs.

Children in outpatient follow-up: perspectives of care identified in interviews with puppet. / Crianças em seguimento ambulatorial: perspectivas do atendimento evidenciadas por entrevista com fantoche.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perspective of children on their health condition and experiences related to outpatient hospital care and the use of the puppets as a playful strategy to collect data. METHOD: A qualitative study with 16 children diagnosed with chronic diseases recruited in a pediatric outpatient clinic in countryside of Sao Paulo. Data were collected in October 2016 using a semi-structured interview and a puppet to facilitate communication. The interview transcripts were subjected to inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: We constructed four themes: "Children in ambulatory follow-up: what do they know?"; "Emotions manifested in outpatient follow-up"; "The outpatient clinic of my dreams" and; "The use of puppets and the playful universe of interviews". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: We identified the reasons and main feelings experienced during outpatient care, as well as the children's preferences regarding the physical and structural aspects of the outpatient clinic.

Crianças em seguimento ambulatorial: perspectivas do atendimento evidenciadas por entrevista com fantoche / Niños en seguimiento ambulatorio: perspectivas de la atención evidenciadas por entrevista con títere / Children in outpatient follow-up: perspectives of care identified in interviews with puppet

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar a perspectiva da criança sobre a própria condição de saúde, suas experiências relacionadas ao atendimento ambulatorial hospitalar e ao uso de fantoches como estratégia lúdica para a coleta de dados. MÉTODO Estudo qualitativo, incluiu 16 crianças diagnosticadas com doenças crônicas, recrutadas em um ambulatório pediátrico do interior paulista. Os dados foram coletados em outubro de 2016 mediante entrevista semiestruturada e utilizou-se o fantoche como recurso facilitador na comunicação. As entrevistas foram analisadas por meio da análise temática indutiva. RESULTADOS Foram construídos quatro temas: "criança em seguimento ambulatorial: o que elas sabem?"; "emoções que perpassam o seguimento ambulatorial"; "o ambulatório dos meus sonhos"; e "a utilização dos fantoches e o universo lúdico da entrevista". CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS Foi possível identificar o motivo e os principais sentimentos vivenciados durante o atendimento ambulatorial, assim como as preferências das crianças acerca dos aspectos físicos e estruturais do ambulatório.

Resumen OBJETIVO Analizar la perspectiva del niño acerca de su condición de salud y experiencias relacionadas al a atención ambulatoria hospitalar y el uso de los títeres como estrategia lúdica para recoger datos. MÉTODO Estudio cualitativo, incluyó a 16 niños diagnosticados con enfermedades crónicas reclutadas en un ambulatorio pediátrico del interior paulista. Los datos fueron recolectados en octubre de 2016 mediante entrevista semiestructurada y se utilizó el fantoche como recurso facilitador en la comunicación. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas por medio del análisis temático inductiva. RESULTADOS Se construyeron cuatro temas: "niño en seguimiento ambulatorio: ¿qué saben?"; "Emociones que atraviesan el seguimiento ambulatorio"; "el ambulatorio de mis sueños" y; "la utilización de los títeres y el universo lúdico de la entrevista". CONSIDERACIONES FINALES Fue posible identificar el motivo y los principales sentimientos del seguimiento ambulatorio, así como las preferencias, de los niños, relacionados con los aspectos físicos y estructurales del ambulatorio.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze the perspective of children on their health condition and experiences related to outpatient hospital care and the use of the puppets as a playful strategy to collect data. METHOD A qualitative study with 16 children diagnosed with chronic diseases recruited in a pediatric outpatient clinic in countryside of Sao Paulo. Data were collected in October 2016 using a semi-structured interview and a puppet to facilitate communication. The interview transcripts were subjected to inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS We constructed four themes: "Children in ambulatory follow-up: what do they know?"; "Emotions manifested in outpatient follow-up"; "The outpatient clinic of my dreams" and; "The use of puppets and the playful universe of interviews". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS We identified the reasons and main feelings experienced during outpatient care, as well as the children's preferences regarding the physical and structural aspects of the outpatient clinic.

Morphological diversity of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) as soil quality bioindicators in land use systems / Diversidade morfológica de colêmbolos (Hexapoda: Collembola) como bioindicadora de qualidade do solo em sistemas de uso

Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the soil quality of native forest, eucalyptus plantations, pasture, integrated crop-livestock, and no-tillage systems, correlating the morphological diversity of springtails with physical and chemical soil properties. Springtail samples were captured from soils of the southern plateau of the State of Santa Catarina in Brazil, during winter and summer, by using Pitfall traps, using a 3 × 3 point grid. The morphotyping of springtails consisted of the observation of five traits and for each one a partial value of the eco-morphological index was assigned to obtain the modified Soil Quality Index. A correlation of the morphotype abundance and diversity with physical (soil moisture, bulk density, biopores, microporosity, and macroporosity) and chemical (pH in water, calcium/magnesium ratio and total organic carbon content) soil properties was studied, describing all results by variance and multivariate analyses. The springtail abundance and diversity were influenced by the different land use systems. Higher soil quality index was determined in native forest followed by eucalyptus plantations, pasture, no-tillage system and integrated crop-livestock, in the winter. Moreover, higher soil quality index was found in native forest followed by integrated crop-livestock, eucalyptus plantations, no-tillage system and pasture, in the summer. Therefore, the quality index of a soil can be evaluated by the springtail morphological traits in correlation with the physical and chemical properties such as calcium/magnesium ratio, total organic carbon contents, biopores, macroporosity, microporosity, soil moisture, bulky density and pH.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do solo de florestas nativas, reflorestamento de eucalipto, pastagem, sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária e plantio direto, correlacionando a diversidade morfológica de colêmbolos com propriedades físicas e químicas do solo. Amostras de colêmbolos foram coletadas de solos do planalto sul do Estado de Santa Catarina no Brasil, durante o inverno e o verão, usando armadilhas de queda, em grade amostral de 3 × 3. A morfotipagem dos colêmbolos consistiu na observação de cinco características e para cada uma foi atribuído um valor parcial do índice eco-morfológico para a obtenção do Índice de Qualidade do Solo modificado. As avaliações foram da abundância e diversidade de morfotipos e de atributos físicos (umidade do solo, densidade do solo, bioporos, microporosidade e macroporosidade) e químicos do solo (pH em água, relação cálcio/magnésio e carbono orgânico total), descrevendo os resultados por análises de variância e multivariada. A abundância e a diversidade de colêmbolos foram influenciadas pelos diferentes sistemas de uso do solo. Maior índice de qualidade do solo foi determinado em floresta nativa seguida de reflorestamento de eucalipto, pastagem, plantio direto e integração lavoura-pecuária, no inverno. Além disso, encontrou-se maior índice de qualidade do solo em floresta nativa seguida de integração lavoura-pecuária, reflorestamento de eucalipto, plantio direto e pastagem, no verão. Portanto, o índice de qualidade do solo pode ser avaliado pelas características morfológicas de colêmbolos em correlação com as propriedades físicas e químicas, como razão cálcio/magnésio, teores de carbono orgânico total, bioporos, macroporosidade, microporosidade, umidade do solo, densidade do solo e pH.

Combined creatinine-cystatin C CKD-EPI equation significantly underestimates measured glomerular filtration rate in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of creatinine and cystatin C (cysC) equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and healthy adults. METHODS: Case-control study including 84 patients with type 2 DM and 100 healthy adults with measured GFR (mGFR)≥60mL/min/1.73m2. GFR was measured by 51Cr-EDTA and estimated (eGFR) by the following equations using creatinine, cysC or both markers: Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), Caucasian Asian Pediatrics and Adults (CAPA), CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C (CKDEPI-CC), and CKD-EPI cystatin C (CKDEPIcysC). Agreement was evaluated by Bland & Altman analysis. RESULTS: Healthy individuals were 66% females, aged 38±14years; they presented mGFR 112±19mL/min/1.73m2 and eGFR by CKD-EPI, CKDEPI-CC, CKDEPIcysC and CAPA equations, respectively, 108±17, 102±15, 97±16 and 93±16mL/min/1.73m2. DM group were 50% females, aged 59±19years and presented mGFR 104±27 and eGFR 87±19, 80±18, 74±20 and 73±18mL/min/1.73m2, respectively. All equations significantly underestimated mGFR, excepting creatinine-based CKD-EPI in the healthy group. The performance was considerably worse for GFRs above 120mL/min/1.73m2. CONCLUSION: In both healthy and type 2 DM patients, cystatin C-based equations, including the combined CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin equation, failed to improve the accuracy of GFR estimation, especially for normal and high normal GFR values.

Evaluating Parental Disagreement in ADHD Diagnosis: Can We Rely on a Single Report From Home?

OBJECTIVE: Few studies assessed factors associated with the agreement/disagreement between fathers and mothers when rating ADHD symptoms of their offspring. METHOD: Teachers and both parents assessed a referred sample of 98 children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years ( M age = 9.79, SD = 2.59) using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP-IV) rating scale. The agreement was assessed for each of the items of the scale and correlated with variables measuring children's features, socioeconomic adversity, family functioning, and parental psychopathology. RESULTS: Mean agreement between parents was moderate for the inattentive and good for the hyperactive-impulsive construct. Mothers tended to report more symptoms than fathers. The agreement was lower in those families where parents had discrepant educational levels. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a significant cross-informant disagreement between parents on symptoms of ADHD. Discrepant parental education has a relevant role in explaining parental disagreement in reporting ADHD symptoms.

Whey and soy protein supplements changes body composition in patients with Crohn’s disease undergoing azathioprine and anti-TNF-alpha therapy / Suplementos de proteína de suero y soya cambia la composición corporal en los pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn sometidos con azatioprina y anti-TNF-alfa terapias

Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown cause. Malnutrition associated with active CD has been reduced although obesity has increased. Dietary strategies such as those with high-protein have been proposed to reduce body fat. This study compares the effects of two supplements on the nutritional status of CD patients. Materials and Methods: 68 CD patients were randomized in two groups: whey protein group (WP) and soy protein group (SP). Using bioimpedance analysis, anthropometry and albumin and pre-albumin dosages the nutritional status was measured before starting the intervention and after 8 and 16 weeks. The disease activity was determined by Crohn’s Disease Activity Index and serum C-reactive protein dosage and dietary intake by 24h dietary recalls. Results: Forty-one patients concluded the study and both supplements changed body composition similarly. Triceps skin fold thickness (p< 0.001) and body fat percentage (p=0.001) decreased, whereas mid-arm muscle circumference (p=0.004), corrected arm muscle area (p=0.005) and body lean percentage (p=0.001) increased. Conclusions: For Crohn’s disease patients undergoing anti TNF-alpha and azatioprine therapies, supplementation with whey and soy proteins changes body composition through reduction of body fat and thus contributes to control inflammation (AU)

Introducción: La enfermedad de Crohn (EC) es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico transmural del tracto gastrointestinal de carácter desconocida. La desnutrición asociada con EC activa se ha reducido a pesar de la obesidad que ha aumentado. Se han propuesto estrategias dietéticas, como aquellos con alto contenido de proteínas para reducir la grasa corporal. Este estudio compara los efectos de dos suplementos sobre el estado nutricional de los pacientes con EC. Materiales y Métodos: Fueron randomizados en dos grupos 68 pacientes con EC: el grupo de proteína de suero y el grupo de proteína de soya. Se utilizó el análisis de bioimpedancia eléctrica, la antropometría y dosificaciones de albúmina y prealbúmina del estado nutricional midiéndose antes de comenzar la intervención y después de 8 y 16 semanas. La actividad de la enfermedad se determinó por Índice de Actividad de Enfermedad de Crohn (CDAI), dosificación en suero de la proteína C reactiva y la ingesta dietética por recordatorio de 24h. Resultados: Cuarenta y un pacientes concluyeron el estudio y ambos suplementos cambiaron la composición corporal de manera similar. El espesor del pliegue cutáneo del tríceps (p <0,001) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal (p = 0,001) se redujeron, mientras que la circunferencia muscular braquial (p = 0,004), el área muscular del brazo corregida (p = 0,005) y el porcentaje corporal magra (p = 0,001) han aumentado. Conclusiones: En los pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn sometidos con anti-TNF-alfa y terapias azatioprina, la suplementación con proteínas de suero de leche y de soya cambia la composición corporal a través de la reducción de la grasa corporal y por lo tanto contribuye para controlar la inflamación (AU)

Whey and soy protein supplements changes body composition in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing azathioprine and anti-TNF-alpha therapy.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown cause. Malnutrition associated with active CD has been reduced although obesity has increased. Dietary strategies such as those with high-protein have been proposed to reduce body fat. This study compares the effects of two supplements on the nutritional status of CD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 68 CD patients were randomized in two groups: whey protein group (WP) and soy protein group (SP). Using bioimpedance analysis, anthropometry and albumin and pre-albumin dosages the nutritional status was measured before starting the intervention and after 8 and 16 weeks. The disease activity was determined by Crohn's Disease Activity Index and serum C-reactive protein dosage and dietary intake by 24h dietary recalls. RESULTS: Forty-one patients concluded the study and both supplements changed body composition similarly. Triceps skin fold thickness (p< 0.001) and body fat percentage (p=0.001) decreased, whereas mid-arm muscle circumference (p=0.004), corrected arm muscle area (p=0.005) and body lean percentage (p=0.001) increased. CONCLUSIONS: For Crohn's disease patients undergoing anti TNF-alpha and azatioprine therapies, supplementation with whey and soy proteins changes body composition through reduction of body fat and thus contributes to control inflammation.

Introducción: La enfermedad de Crohn (EC) es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico transmural del tracto gastrointestinal de carácter desconocida. La desnutrición asociada con EC activa se ha reducido a pesar de la obesidad que ha aumentado. Se han propuesto estrategias dietéticas, como aquellos con alto contenido de proteínas para reducir la grasa corporal. Este estudio compara los efectos de dos suplementos sobre el estado nutricional de los pacientes con EC. Materiales y Métodos: Fueron randomizados en dos grupos 68 pacientes con EC: el grupo de proteína de suero y el grupo de proteína de soya. Se utilizo el análisis de bioimpedancia eléctrica, la antropometría y dosificaciones de albúmina y prealbúmina del estado nutricional midiéndose antes de comenzar la intervención y después de 8 y 16 semanas. La actividad de la enfermedad se determinó por Índice de Actividad de Enfermedad de Crohn (CDAI), dosificación en suero de la proteína C reactiva y la ingesta dietética por recordatorio de 24h. Resultados: Cuarenta y un pacientes concluyeron el estudio y ambos suplementos cambiaron la composición corporal de manera similar. El espesor del pliegue cutáneo del tríceps (p.

Cotinine and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons levels in the amniotic fluid and fetal cord at birth and in the urine from pregnant smokers.

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy has several impacts on fetal development, including teratogenic effects. The objective of this study was to assess whether the toxic substances (cotinine and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) found in pregnant smokers are transmitted to their fetuses. The outcomes were analyzed measuring cotinine and 1-hydroxypyrene in the amniotic fluid and maternal urine, benzopyrene and cotinine in the umbilical cord blood. Through a controlled cross-sectional design, 125 pregnant women were selected and classified according to their smoking status: 37 current smokers, 25 passive smokers and 63 non-smokers (controls). We performed high-performance liquid chromatography to measure substances' concentrations. A post-hoc Tukey's test was used to analyze the differences between the groups. All variables were significantly different between controls and smokers. The mean ratios between the concentration of cotinine in smokers compared to controls were as follows: 5.9 [2.5-13.5], p<0.001 in the urine; 25 [11.9-52.9], p<0.001 in the amniotic fluid; and 2.6 [1.0-6.8], p = 0.044 in the umbilical cord blood. The mean ratios of 1-hydroxypyrene concentration between smokers and controls were 7.3 [1.6-29.6], p = 0.003 in the urine and 1.3 [1.0-1.7], p = 0.012 in the amniotic fluid, and of benzopyrene in umbilical cord blood was 2.9 [1.7-4.7], p<0.001. There were no significant differences between controls and passive smokers. When comparing the three groups together, there were statistical differences between all variables. Thus, the fetuses of pregnant smokers are exposed to toxic and carcinogens substances. To our knowledge, this is the first study to measure 1-hydroxypyrene in the amniotic fluid and benzopyrene in umbilical cord blood by high-performance liquid chromatography when considering pregnant women in relation to smoking exposure only.

Afinal, quem foi Sacher-Masoch? / Well, who was Sacher-Masoch, anyway? / Finalement, qui était Sacher-Masoch? / A final de cuentas, ¿quién fue Sacher-Masoch?

O artigo pretende aprofundar o conhecimento a respeito do masoquismo, resgatando dados da biografia e da obra de Sacher-Masoch, com base na leitura de Gilles Deleuze. Lendo A Vênus das peles, constata-se que Sacher-Masoch explicita os aspectos formal, estético e contratual do masoquismo, propostos por Deleuze. Justifica-se a importância de se ler diretamente a obra de Masoch para se ter acesso a aspectos da lógica do masoquismo que não têm sido levados em conta nos estudos sobre o tema.

This article goes into the topic of masochism, based on data from the biography and work of Sacher-Masoch, described in the writing of Gilles Deleuze. Readers of Deleuze's Venus in Furs will learn that Sacher-Masoch points out the formal, aesthetic and contractual aspects of masochism, proposed by Deleuze. We justify the importance of directly reading Sacher-Masoch to glean aspects of the logic of masochism that have not been taken into account in recent studies on the topic.

Cet article cherche à approfondir les connaissances sur le masochisme tout en récupérant les données de la biographie et de l'œuvre de Sacher-Masoch, selon la lecture de Gilles Deleuze. À partir de la lecture de La Vénus à la fourrure, on peut constater que Masoch met en évidence les aspects formel, esthétique et contractuel du masochisme, proposés par Deleuze. Cet article justifie pourquoi il est primordial de lire directement l'œuvre de Masoch pour avoir accès aux aspects de la logique masochiste, étant donné que ceux-ci ne sont pas pris en compte lors des études sur ce sujet.

El artículo pretende profundizar el conocimiento sobre el masoquismo, rescatando datos de la biografía y de la obra de Sacher-Masoch, basados en la lectura de Gilles Deleuze. Leyendo La Venus de las pieles, se constata que Sacher-Masoch explicita los aspectos formales, estéticos y contractuales del masoquismo, propuestos por Deleuze. Se justifica la importancia de leer directamente la obra de Masoch para tener acceso a aspectos de la lógica del masoquismo que no han sido considerados en los estudios sobre el tema.

Afinal, quem foi Sacher-Masoch? / Well, who was Sacher-Masoch, anyway? / Finalement, qui était Sacher-Masoch? / A final de cuentas, ¿quién fue Sacher-Masoch?

O artigo pretende aprofundar o conhecimento a respeito do masoquismo, resgatando dados da biografia e da obra de Sacher-Masoch, com base na leitura de Gilles Deleuze. Lendo A Vênus das peles, constata-se que Sacher-Masoch explicita os aspectos formal, estético e contratual do masoquismo, propostos por Deleuze. Justifica-se a importância de se ler diretamente a obra de Masoch para se ter acesso a aspectos da lógica do masoquismo que não têm sido levados em conta nos estudos sobre o tema.(AU)

This article goes into the topic of masochism, based on data from the biography and work of Sacher-Masoch, described in the writing of Gilles Deleuze. Readers of Deleuze's Venus in Furs will learn that Sacher-Masoch points out the formal, aesthetic and contractual aspects of masochism, proposed by Deleuze. We justify the importance of directly reading Sacher-Masoch to glean aspects of the logic of masochism that have not been taken into account in recent studies on the topic.(AU)

Cet article cherche à approfondir les connaissances sur le masochisme tout en récupérant les données de la biographie et de l'œuvre de Sacher-Masoch, selon la lecture de Gilles Deleuze. À partir de la lecture de La Vénus à la fourrure, on peut constater que Masoch met en évidence les aspects formel, esthétique et contractuel du masochisme, proposés par Deleuze. Cet article justifie pourquoi il est primordial de lire directement l'œuvre de Masoch pour avoir accès aux aspects de la logique masochiste, étant donné que ceux-ci ne sont pas pris en compte lors des études sur ce sujet.(AU)

El artículo pretende profundizar el conocimiento sobre el masoquismo, rescatando datos de la biografía y de la obra de Sacher-Masoch, basados en la lectura de Gilles Deleuze. Leyendo La Venus de las pieles, se constata que Sacher-Masoch explicita los aspectos formales, estéticos y contractuales del masoquismo, propuestos por Deleuze. Se justifica la importancia de leer directamente la obra de Masoch para tener acceso a aspectos de la lógica del masoquismo que no han sido considerados en los estudios sobre el tema.(AU)