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1.
Heart Lung ; 58: 210-216, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36621104

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may cause vascular (e.g., endothelial dysfunction, and arterial stiffness), cardiac, autonomic (e.g., heart rate variability [HRV]), and systemic inflammatory response via direct viral attack, hypoxia-induced injury, or immunological dysregulation, especially in those patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, to date, no study has shown prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness and heart rate variability assessed by bedside peripheral arterial tonometry in patients with previous CVD hospitalized in the acute phase of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and altered HRV in patients with CVD hospitalized due to COVID-19. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021. Included male and female adult patients aged 40 to 60 years with previous CVD and diagnosed with COVID-19. Anthropometric data, comorbidities, and blood tests were analyzed. Endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and HRV were assessed using peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), and the statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Fourteen (51.8%) patients presented endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index = 1.2 ± 0.3) and enhancement in the high-frequency component of HRV (p < 0.05). There was a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, especially in patients with chronic heart failure (10 (71.4%)). Patients with preserved endothelial function showed a high augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm (p < 0.01), suggesting arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION: Patients with CVD hospitalized due to COVID-19 presented endothelial dysfunction assessed using PAT, which could be used as a biomarker for arterial stiffness and altered HRV. The possibility of detecting vascular and autonomic changes during phase II of COVID-19 may help to prevent possible long-term complications.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Cardiovascular Diseases , Vascular Stiffness , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Heart Rate , Vascular Stiffness/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Endothelium, Vascular , COVID-19/complications
2.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-583392

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o papel da fisioterapia na abordagem das doenças neuromusculares (DNM), com ênfase nos aspectos preventivos e terapêuticos da fisioterapia respiratória. Método: Revisão bibliográfica não sistemática, abrangendo os últimos vinte anos, utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, através dos seguintes descritores: Doenças neuromusculares, fisioterapia, capacidade vital e insuficiência respiratória. Resultados: Os artigos pesquisados sugerem a necessidade de se estabelecer uma rotina de avaliação periódica da função respiratória a fim de se introduzir medidas fisioterapêuticas pertinentes a cada estágio da doença. O acompanhamento deve incluir provas de função pulmonar, bem como técnicas específicas de fisioterapia respiratória, a fim de se evitar complicações como insuficiência respiratória. Conclusão: O acompanhamento periódico e a introdução de medidas preventivas de fisioterapia têm contribuído para aumentar a sobrevida e melhoraria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes com doenças neuromusculares.


Objective: To assess the role of physiotherapy in approaching neuromuscular disease (NMD), with emphasis on preventive and therapeutic aspects of respiratory therapy. Methods: A nonsystematic literature review covering the past twenty years, using the databases MEDLINE and LILACS through the following descriptors: neuromuscular diseases, physical therapy, vital capacity and respiratory failure. Results: The studies reviewed show the need to establish a routine periodic evaluation of respiratory function in order to introduce physical therapy measures relevant to each stage of the disease. The monitoring should include pulmonary function tests and specific techniques of chest physiotherapy, in order to avoid complications such as respiratory failure. Conclusion: The introduction of regular monitoring and preventive physiotherapy measures have helped to increase survival and improve quality of life of patients with neuromuscular diseases.


Subject(s)
Neuromuscular Diseases , Physical Therapy Specialty , Respiratory Insufficiency , Vital Capacity
3.
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(5): 415-422, maio 2009. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517065

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar o VEF1 e a CVF, calculados a partir de três equações de referência (idealizadas por Polgar e Promadhat, Hsu et al. e Mallozi em 1971, 1979 e 1995, respectivamente) e verificar se estas se equivalem ao predizer a função pulmonar em crianças e adolescentes com diferentes índices de massa corpórea (IMC). MÉTODOS: Os indivíduos foram divididos em quatro grupos: baixo peso (BP), eutrófico (E), sobrepeso (SP) e obeso (O), de acordo com o padrão de referência do National Center for Health Statistics, e então submetidos ao teste espirométrico. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 122 crianças e adolescentes saudáveis com idade entre 7-14 anos. Os valores de CVF previstos pela equação de Hsu et al. nos grupos E (feminino) e BP (masculino), assim como os valores de VEF1 previstos pelas equações de Polgar e Promadhat e Hsu et al. nos grupos BP (feminino e masculino), foram significativamente superiores aos valores medidos. De acordo com a equação de Polgar e Promadhat, os valores de VEF1 previstos foram significativamente superiores aos valores medidos no grupo E (feminino). CONCLUSÕES: Não houve equivalência dos valores de CVF e VEF1, medidos em indivíduos com diferentes IMC, e os previstos pelas equações de Polgar e Promadhat e de Hsu et al. O mesmo não ocorreu quando as equações de Mallozi foram utilizadas. O IMC não foi um fator importante para o índice preditivo nas equações de Mallozi, podendo ser utilizadas indistintamente em crianças e adolescentes com diferentes IMC.


OBJECTIVE: To compare FEV1 and FVC, calculated using three sets of reference equations (devised by Polgar & Promadhat, Hsu et al. and Mallozi in 1971, 1979 and 1995, respectively) and to determine whether the three are similar in predicting lung function in children and adolescents with distinct body mass indices (BMIs). METHODS: The individuals were separated into four groups in accordance with the reference standards of the National Center for Health Statistics: underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB). All were then submitted to spirometry. RESULTS: We evaluated 122 healthy children and adolescents, aged 7-14 years. The FVC values predicted for NW females and UW males through the use of the Hsu et al. equation were significantly higher than the measured values, as were the FEV1 values for UW females and males predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat and Hsu et al. equations. In NW females, the FEV1 values predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat equation were significantly higher than were the measured values. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals with distinct BMIs, the measured FVC and FEV1 values were not equivalent to those predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat and Hsu et al. equations. The same was not true for the Mallozi equations. The BMI was not a relevant factor for the predictive index of these equations; therefore, the Mallozi equations can be used without alteration for children and adolescents with distinct BMIs.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Body Mass Index , Spirometry , Analysis of Variance , Forced Expiratory Volume/physiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Reference Values , Spirometry/methods , Spirometry/standards , Vital Capacity/physiology
4.
Sao Paulo; Manole; 3 ed., rev., aum; 1999. xiii,325 p. ilus, tab, graf, 24cm.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, HANSEN, Hanseníase Leprosy, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1084507
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