ABSTRACT
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness, acceptability, and safety of systemic enzyme therapy, consisting of trypsin, bromelain, and rutoside trihydrate, as an anti-inflammatory agent, either when utilized independently or in conjunction with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed in the review. The bias risk was evaluated using the risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Both studies revealed highly significant results for the study population. Individuals receiving oral enzymes and diclofenac sodium combination therapy showed a significant improvement in pain reduction, better eating, and mouth opening, as well as a decrease in joint noise and jerky mandibular motions. Patients receiving systemic enzyme therapy with diclofenac combinations performed better than those receiving NSAIDs alone, and the differences were quite substantial. For the treatment of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), we recommend combining enzymes and diclofenac. Systemic enzyme therapy can be used in the treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis, as it shows a highly significant result in the study population.
ABSTRACT
Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection in children that affects the skin and oral mucous membranes. It is caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), a double-stranded DNA virus in the Poxviridae family. Transmission takes place via direct skin contact, self-inoculation, and exposure to contaminated objects. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of a single or multiple enlarged dome-shaped or doughnut-shaped flesh-colored papules with central umbilication, usually called "mollusca". The diagnosis of MC is based mainly on clinical observations, in addition to histopathological examinations to reveal characteristic molluscum bodies, also known as Henderson-Patterson bodies. Current treatment methods include mechanical, chemical, immune modulation, and antiviral treatments. In this context, we present a case involving a 42-year-old male infected with MC, outlining both the clinical and histopathological findings.
ABSTRACT
Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), an autoimmune disorder of unclear pathogenesis affects quality of life of affected individual. Intervention regimens are multiple and still evolving due to its resistance to recover and ability to recur. Platelet rich Plasma (PRP) is a newer, promising treatment modality tested by researchers because of its low cost and negligible adverse effects. Articles were retrieved from search engines of PubMed / Medline, Scopus and Web of Science which fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Cochrane risk of bias tool assessed quality of clinical studies and Joanna Briggs Institute for case reports. A total of 4 articles were included for the systematic review, of which 2 are clinical trials and 2 case reports. All cases were of erosive nature. PRP in case reports were administered when patients did not respond to conventional therapy. PRP demonstrated effective therapeutic benefit in regards to outcome of pain and lesion appearance. PRP can be considered as a potential alternative therapy in treating non-responsive OLP. Further studies are recommended to arrive at a definitive conclusion.
ABSTRACT
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a common condition affecting the musculoskeletal group evoking clinical signs such as pain, restricted mouth opening, and disability in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory musculature, and the osseous structures in the surroundings. Saliva is a strong proponent of a diagnostic and prognostic tool for TMDs. Hence, a systematic review was undertaken to answer the research question "What is the role of salivary biomarkers in the identification of TMD?" A thorough literature search was performed in databases of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar till February 2022. Every included study was characterized by Study ID, location, sample size, demographic information, biomarker analysis, assessment method, and results. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the methodological quality of all qualifying research. A total of eight articles were included for the review after screening the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles. The review included articles of observational design with a control group. TMD disorders were confirmed both clinically and radiographically in the study of Shoukri et al. TMDs are commonly prevalent in maxillofacial conditions. Despite the availability of various diagnostic techniques, certain limitations are remarkable. The researchers are yet to ascertain a gold standard biomarker to identify TMD.
ABSTRACT
Osteochondromas (OCs) are benign bone tumors characterized by their growth with a cartilage cap and typically occurring at the ends of long bones. Their occurrence in the head and neck region is infrequent, accounting for only around 1% of head and neck tumors. Notably, the mandibular coronoid process and the mandibular condyle are the primary sites where an OC is reported. Patients often exhibit facial asymmetry, limited mouth opening, and malocclusion. Possible treatment options depending on the condition include partial or total condylectomy, vertical ramus osteotomy, and supplementary orthognathic surgery. The recurrence rate of under 1%- 2% is reported after local resection. In this case report, we present a unique case of an OC in a 27-year-old woman. It involved the mandibular condyle, resulting in a left-sided mouth deviation while opening and closing her mouth. The purpose of this article is to detail the clinical and radiographic features, histopathological aspects, and treatment strategies and differentiate potential diagnoses, for such OCs.
ABSTRACT
Central granular cell odontogenic tumor (CGCOT) is a rare, benign odontogenic tumor resulting from the jaw bone, especially the mandible or maxilla. It affects women of middle age and usually occurs as a painless swelling of the mandibular premolar-molar area. CGCOT is characterized by the presence of granular cells, which are large, eosinophilic, granular-looking cells found in the tumor tissue. We report an unusual CGCOT in a 38-year-old male patient's mandibular region. We also describe the clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics along with the immunohistochemical investigation of the tumor.
ABSTRACT
Background: The oral cavity is a unique environment where systemic maladies may be amplified by the oral mucosa. Oral diseases are usually local, but may also be the sign of systemic disease. Oral lesions are mostly one of the first indications of a systemic problem. Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disease that involves the skin and mucous membrane. It is one of the most common oral diseases that manifest itself in the oral cavity. The exact cause of oral lichen planus (OLP) is unknown, but the immunologic system plays a leading role in the pathogenesis. It is well documented that OLP represents a cell-mediated immune response. Materials and Methods: The study population was drawn from the patients attending the outpatient Department of General Medicine and Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with a total of 1000 subjects, out of which 500 subjects were clinically diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 500 subjects were without the history of hypothyroidism. The data collected was compiled and analysed to obtain the result. A Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables and the analysis was carried out on SPSS 16.0 version. Results: The study revealed an increased prevalence of OLP in hypothyroidism. Cases clearly had a predilection of 2.37 times more tendency to develop OLP as compared to the control. Conclusion: To conclude, it seems that OLP was more prevalent in hypothyroid individuals, especially in females in the third and fourth decades of life.
