Primary and Secondary Capacities in the Context of Positive Psychotherapy in Individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder: The Relationship with Criminal Behaviors and Anger. / Antisosyal Kisilik Bozuklugu Olan Bireylerde Pozitif Psikoterapi Baglaminda Birincil ve Ikincil Yetenekler: Suç Isleme Davranislari ve Öfke ile Iliskisi.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of primary (PCs) and secondary capacities (SCs) in individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and the effects of these capacities on delinquent behaviors and anger levels. METHODS: 101 male patients aged 18 years and over with a diagnosis of ASPD were divided into two groups as those with a criminal ASPD (cASPD) diagnosis (n=37) and those with a non-criminal ASPD (ncASPD) diagnosis (n=64). Participants were evaluated using a sociodemographic form, Wiesbaden's Inventory of Positive Psychotherapy and Family Therapy (WIPPF-2) and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program; significance level was taken as p0.05. RESULTS: PCs, SCs and anger control levels of people with ASPD were lower while trait anger, anger expression and anger import were higher than the control group. In cASPD, among the PCs, belief (ß=0.796, p=0.032), hope (ß=-1.069, p=0.011), relationship (ß=-0.980, p=0.007) and sexuality (ß=0.937, p=0.021) predicted anger-out, and among the SAs politeness (ß=-1.020, p=0.002) and reliability (ß=1.140, p=0.001) predicted trait anger level. In ncASPD, patience predicted anger-out (ß=-1.752, p=0.001) and anger control (ß=1.468, p=0.002); belief (ß=1.468, p=0.005) and trust (ß=-0.845, p=0.002) predicted anger control. CONCLUSIONS: Positive psychotherapy can be effective in improving PCs and SCs of individuals with ASPD, improving interpersonal relationships, reducing criminal behaviors, anger management and psychotherapeutic treatment of ASPD.

Comparison of oxidative stress parameters, thiol-disulfide homeostasis, and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in patients with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives.

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to compare the oxidative stress parameters, thiol-disulfide homeostasis, and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines levels of patients with bipolar disorder (BD), BD patients' first-degree relatives (FDRs), and the healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: Thirty-five patients with BD, 35 FDRs of BD, and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were included. The individuals' ages varied from 28 to 58, and the groups were well-matched in terms of age and gender. The total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT), disulfide (DIS), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations were measured from serum samples. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated using mathematical formulas. RESULTS: TOS was significantly higher in both patients and FDRs than HCs (p < 0.01 for all pairwise comparisons). OSI, DIS, oxidized thiol, and the ratio of thiol oxidation-reduction levels were significantly higher in both patients with BD and FDRs than HCs (p < 0.01 for all pairwise comparisons). TAS, TT, NT, and reduced thiol levels were significantly lower in both patients with BD and FDRs than HCs (p < 0.01 for all pairwise comparisons). IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly higher in both patients and FDRs than HCs (p < 0.01 for all pairwise comparisons). LIMITATIONS: Small sample size. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis is important for treating of bipolar disorder. TT, NT, DIS, TOS, TAS, OSI, IL1-ß, IL-6, and TNF-α can be used as potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis and intervention of BD. Furthermore, oxidative/antioxidative markers and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine parameters may guide the determination of the disease's activity and response to treatment.

Turkish Adaptation of Romantic Relationship Sabotage Scale: Validity and Reliability Study.

Background: The aim of this study is to perform the Turkish validity and reliability analyzes of the Romantic Relationship Sabotage Scale, which was developed to reveal why couples sabotage the relationship in romantic relationships, and to adapt this scale to Turkish culture. Methods: The study group consisted of 495 individuals who did not have any psychiatric disorders and had a romantic relationship. The similarity of the results obtained with the factor analysis with the original scale showed that the scale provided construct validity. Results: For the criterion correlation validity of the scale, the correlations between the Turkish Romantic Relationship Sabotage Scale-total score and Perceived Romantic Relationship Quality Scale (r = -.384, P < .05), The Love Attitude Scale (altruistic love r = .163, P < .05; friendship love r = -.151, P < .05; passionate love r = -.435, P < .05; practical love r = .220, P < .05; game-playing love r = .213, P < .05; possessive-dependent love r = .439, P < .05), and Self-handicapping Scale (r = .443, P < .05) were calculated. The reliability coefficient for the stability of the scale, which was administered to 102 participants twice with an interval of 4 weeks, was found to be 0.75, revealing that the scale was stable. The Cronbach's internal consistency coefficient on the scale was .81. There was a significant difference between the Turkish form of the Romantic Relationship Sabotage Scale-total score scores, the mean scores of defensiveness, and lack of relationship skills according to gender (P < .05). Conclusion: This study confirms the validity and factor structure of the Turkish version of the Romantic Relationship Sabotage Scale, which is an acceptable tool that can be used to measure the sabotage levels of romantic relationships in individuals.

Factors affecting the emotional reactions of patient relatives who receive news of death: a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Reporting the death of relatives to a family member is a very stressful task for physicians. Grief reactions differ from person to person. METHODS: Demographic data of 100 patients who died after staying in ICU for more than three days were recorded. For each patient, one of the family members filled a form which contained their own age, gender, education level, marital status, number of children, degree of relationship, psychiatric treatment status, living in the same house as the patient, and whether they had ever visited the ICU before. Grief reactions were evaluated in five different categories: normal grief response, initial shock reaction, denial, feeling guilty and anger. RESULTS: When the death was reported, 55.0% of the relatives accepted this situation as normal, 19.0% felt guilty and 14.0% showed an initial shock reaction. The results showed that for a one-unit increase in the patient's age, the probability of the denial reaction among relatives was reduced by 746 times and the probability of feeling guilty was reduced by 698 times. CONCLUSION: The rate of denial and guilt in the grief reactions among patient relatives when given news of death in the intensive care unit increases with the decrease in patient age.

Associations between Gilbert's syndrome and personality characteristics

Abstract Objective Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a benign genetic disorder that is characterized by intermittent mild jaundice in which the liver doesn't process bilirubin properly. The aim of this study was to determine whether GS patients have a different personality structure and if there are associations between properties of temperament and character and total bilirubin levels. Methods A total of 1665 young male individuals aged from 19 to 30 who were admitted for occupational examinations were included in this study. Careful patient history was taken, a detailed physical examination was conducted, and hematologic and biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was administered to all participants. 81 patients diagnosed with GS and 150 randomly chosen healthy individuals (control group) were investigated with comparison and correlation analyses. Results GS patients had higher scores than healthy controls for disorderliness (NS4) (p = 0.018), sentimentality (RD1) (p = 0.042), and fatigability (HA4) (p = 0.03). Moreover, Gilbert syndrome patients scored lower than controls for empathy (C2) (p = 0.041) and transpersonal identification (ST2) (p = 0.044). Bilirubin levels were positively associated with disorderliness (NS4) (r = 0.141, p = 0.032) and fatigability (HA4) (r = 0.14, p = 0.033). Conclusions GS patients may have some different personality characteristics from healthy individuals. This study is an initial exploration of the personality structure of GS patients and the findings should be interpreted with caution. Further prospective studies are needed to identify the relationship between Gilbert disease and personality characteristics.

Associations between Gilbert's syndrome and personality characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a benign genetic disorder that is characterized by intermittent mild jaundice in which the liver doesn't process bilirubin properly. The aim of this study was to determine whether GS patients have a different personality structure and if there are associations between properties of temperament and character and total bilirubin levels. METHODS: A total of 1665 young male individuals aged from 19 to 30 who were admitted for occupational examinations were included in this study. Careful patient history was taken, a detailed physical examination was conducted, and hematologic and biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was administered to all participants. 81 patients diagnosed with GS and 150 randomly chosen healthy individuals (control group) were investigated with comparison and correlation analyses. RESULTS: GS patients had higher scores than healthy controls for disorderliness (NS4) (p = 0.018), sentimentality (RD1) (p = 0.042), and fatigability (HA4) (p = 0.03). Moreover, Gilbert syndrome patients scored lower than controls for empathy (C2) (p = 0.041) and transpersonal identification (ST2) (p = 0.044). Bilirubin levels were positively associated with disorderliness (NS4) (r = 0.141, p = 0.032) and fatigability (HA4) (r = 0.14, p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: GS patients may have some different personality characteristics from healthy individuals. This study is an initial exploration of the personality structure of GS patients and the findings should be interpreted with caution. Further prospective studies are needed to identify the relationship between Gilbert disease and personality characteristics.