The Impact of Digital Screen Time on Dietary Habits and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Over the last few decades, the time children spend using electronic devices has increased significantly. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of screen time on dietary behaviors and physical activity in children and adolescents. Methods: An online survey was conducted among parents of preschool and school-aged children during the COVID-19 lockdown in Poland. There were 3127 surveys used in the analysis. Results: Survey responses referred to 1662 (53%) boys and 1465 (47%) girls, with a mean age of 12.1 ± 3.4 years. During a routine weekday, most children (71%) spent >4 h on educational activities using electronic devices, and 43% of children spent 1−2 h using devices for recreational purposes. The majority of children (89%) were exposed to screens during meals, and ate snacks between main meals (77%). There was an association between screen time and the exposure to screens during meals, and between screen time and time spent performing physical activity. Conclusions: This study revealed that the majority of children were exposed to screens during meals, which is a risk factor of obesity. The promotion of the judicious use of digital devices and healthy dietary habits associated with the use of screens may be an important component of obesity prevention strategies.

Molecular methods for increasing the effectiveness of ovarian cancer treatment: a systematic review.

Background: The aim of the current study is to analyze and summarize the latest research on improving therapy in ovarian cancer. Materials & methods: Data analysis was based on a review of publications from 2011 to 2021 in the PubMed database with use of the search terms including 'EGFR ovarian cancer', 'folate receptor inhibitors ovarian cancer', 'VEGF ovarian cancer', 'PDGF ovarian cancer' and 'CTLA-4 ovarian cancer'. Results: 6643 articles were found; 238 clinical trials and randomized control trials were analyzed; 122 studies were rejected due to inconsistency with the topic of the work. Conclusion: Extensive research on the treatment of ovarian cancer increases the chance of developing the most effective therapy suited to the individual needs of the patient.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Due to its nonspecific symptoms, it is often diagnosed late. This reduces the possibility of successful therapy. The main treatments are surgery and chemotherapy. With late detection, complete surgical removal of the tumor is not possible. The use of chemotherapy is limited by side effects and the resistance of cancer. Therefore, new and promising treatments are being sought. There are studies on the usage of hormone therapy in ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, a small number of these studies provide insufficient evidence of effectiveness. Hence, additional targeted therapies in ovarian cancer, and especially in immunotherapy, are of interest. Immunotherapy uses antibodies directed against specific receptors on cells important in the development of cancer. The results of the latest research on targeted methods, collected in this work, are promising.

Dark side of laundry pods: Analysis of exposure to laundry detergent capsules in children.

AIM: We aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristic and clinical features of laundry detergent capsule (LDC) exposure in children. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records of patients hospitalised due to the exposure to LDC at the Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland, from 2014 to 2019 was conducted. RESULTS: During the study period, 38 children including 19 (50%) boys and 19 (50%) girls were admitted to our department due to exposure to LDC. The age of patients ranged from 11 months to 9 years, with a mean 48.61 ± 28.85 months of age. About 66% of patients were younger than 5 years. The major route of exposure was ingestion (n = 37; 97%). Most patients (n = 27; 71%) exhibited symptoms of exposure to the LDC. The most common symptoms were vomiting (n = 23; 60%), cough (n = 7; 18%) and salivation (n = 5; 13%). Seven patients required gastroscopy. Abnormalities were subsequently identified in three children. CONCLUSIONS: Accidental exposure to LDC usually occurs in children younger than 5 years. Although the majority of cases had mild or moderate clinical outcomes, ingestion of LDC may lead to some severe consequences. Improvements in parental education regarding the risks of LDC, and in the packaging of LDC may prevent serious injury.