Nc886 is epigenetically repressed in prostate cancer and acts as a tumor suppressor through the inhibition of cell growth.

BACKGROUND: Nc886 is a 102 bp non-coding RNA transcript initially classified as a microRNA precursor (Pre-miR-886), later as a divergent homologue of the vault RNAs (vtRNA 2-1) and more recently as a novel type of RNA (nc886). Although nc886/vtRNA2-1/Pre-miR-886 identity is still controversial, it was shown to be epigenetically controlled, presenting both tumor suppressor and oncogenic function in different cancers. Here, we study for the first time the role of nc886 in prostate cancer. METHODS: Nc886 promoter methylation status and its correlation with patient clinical parameters or DNMTs levels were evaluated in TCGA and specific GEO prostate tissue datasets. Nc886 level was measured by RT-qPCR to compare normal/neoplastic prostate cells from radical prostatectomies and cell lines, and to assess nc886 response to demethylating agents. The effect of nc886 recovery in cell proliferation (in vitro and in vivo) and invasion (in vitro) was evaluated using lentiviral transduced DU145 and LNCaP cell lines. The association between the expression of nc886 and selected genes was analyzed in the TCGA-PRAD cohort. RESULTS: Nc886 promoter methylation increases in tumor vs. normal prostate tissue, as well as in metastatic vs. normal prostate tissue. Additionally, nc886 promoter methylation correlates with prostate cancer clinical staging, including biochemical recurrence, Clinical T-value and Gleason score. Nc886 transcript is downregulated in tumor vs. normal tissue -in agreement with its promoter methylation status- and increases upon demethylating treatment. In functional studies, the overexpression of nc886 in the LNCaP and DU145 cell line leads to a decreased in vitro cell proliferation and invasion, as well as a reduced in vivo cell growth in NUDE-mice tumor xenografts. Finally, nc886 expression associates with the prostate cancer cell cycle progression gene signature in TCGA-PRAD. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest a tumor suppressor role for nc886 in the prostate, whose expression is epigenetically silenced in cancer leading to an increase in cell proliferation and invasion. Nc886 might hold clinical value in prostate cancer due to its association with clinical parameters and with a clinically validated gene signature.

Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino / Detection of human papilloma (HPV) virus types 16,18, 31 y 33 in severe dysplasias and carcinoma-in-situ of the uterine cervix

Introducción: las displasias severas y los carcinomas in situ son los verdaderos precursores del cáncer de cuello uterino. La infección por el virus del papiloma humano (HPV) es unfactor etiológico importante en el origen de las lesiones intraepiteliales escamosas de alto grado (H-SIL) y el cáncer de cuello uterino de tipo epidermoide. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de los tipos de HPV descriptos como más frecuentes enotras regiones, en una muestra seleccionada de mujeres de Uruguay portadoras de displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino, con su diagnóstico confirmado por el estudiohistológico de piezas de conización quirúrgica. Material y método: Se seleccionó una muestra de piezas de conización quirúrgica realizadas amujeres portadoras de displasias severas y carcinomas intraepiteliales epidermoides de cuello uterino procedentes de Montevideo y Canelones. Las piezas fueron fijadas en formol y luego incluidas en parafina. Resultados: se detectó la presencia de ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) de HPV en 39 de las 49 (80%). El tipo viral hallado con mayor frecuencia fue el HPV 16 en 23 de los conos (47%), seguido por el tipo 33 con siete casos (14%) y el tipo 31 en dos casos (4%). Se destaca la ausencia del tipo HPV 18 en esta muestra. Conclusión: se demostró la frecuente asociación entre infección por HPV y las lesiones precursoras del cáncer de cuello uterino. Dentro de los cuatro tipos de HPV investigados ydescriptos como más frecuentes en otras regiones, se detectó con mayor frecuencia el tipo 16 al igual que lo ocurrido en otras regiones del mundo.

Introduction: severe dysplasia and carcinoma-in-situ (CIN) is actually the first grade of uterine cervical cancer.HPV infection constitutes an important etiological factor for the origin of High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion(H-SIL) and uterine cervical epidermoid cancer. Objective: to determine the prevalence of HPV types that are described as more frequent in other regions, from a sample of Uruguayan women carriers of severe dysplasiaand uterine cervix carcinoma in situ, with diagnosis confirmed by the histological study of surgical conizationpieces. Method: we selected a sample of surgical conization pieces from women who were carriers of severe dysplasiaand intraepithelial epidermoid cancer of the uterine cervix in Montevideo and Canelones. Pieces were fixed in formoland then embedded in paraffin.Results: we identified the presence of HPV deoxiribonucelic acid (DNA) in 39 out of 49 patients (80%). The most common type of virus found was HPV 16 in 23 of cones (47%), followed by HPV 33, found in seven cases (14%). We stand out the absence of HPV 18 in this sample. Conclusion: we proved the usual association between HPV infections and precursor lesions to uterine cervicalcancer. Among the four types of HPV studied and described as more common in other regions, we identified HPV 16 as the most common, the same as it happens in other parts of the world.

Introdução: as displasias severas e os carcinomas in situ são os verdadeiros precursores do câncer de colo uterino.A infecção pelo vírus do papiloma humano (HPV) é um fator etiológico importante na origem das lesões intraepiteliais escamosas de alto grado (H-SIL) e o câncer de colo uterino de tipo epidermoide. Objetivo: determinar a prevalência dos tipos de HPVdescritos como mais freqüentes em outras regiões, em uma amostra selecionada de mulheres no Uruguai portadoras de displasias severas e carcinoma in situ de colo uterino, com diagnóstico confirmado pelo exame histológico de material obtido por conização cirúrgica. Material e método: uma amostra de peças de conizaçãocirúrgica realizadas a mulheres de Montevidéu e Canelones portadoras de displasias severas e carcinomas intraepiteliais epidermoides de colo uterino foi selecionada. As peças foram fixadas em formol e posteriormente incluídas em parafina. Resultados: em 39 das 49 (80%) amostras foi detectadaa presença de ácido desoxirribonucléico (ADN) de HPV. O tipo16 de HPV foi encontrado em 23 dos cones (47%),seguido pelo tipo 33 com sete casos (14%) e o tipo 31 em dois casos (4%). Nesta amostra o tipo HPV 18 não foidetectado. Conclusão: a associação entre infecção por HPV e lesões precursoras de câncer de colo uterino foi demonstrada. Dos quatro tipos de HPV pesquisados e descritos como freqüentes em outras regiões, o tipo 16 foi o que apresentou maior freqüência como em outras partes do mundo.

Secuestración tiroidea y Hashimoto / Thyroid sequestration and Hashimoto

Se ha presentado un caso de una entidad infrecuente, como es el nódulo tiroideo secuestrado; se lo define, se hace una breve revisión bibliográfica, resaltando los aspectos diagnósticos diferenciales con otras entidades con las que se puede confundir. Concluyendo que su importancia radica en que dicha confusión, por desconocimiento, puede llevar a errores diagnósticos y terapéuticos de trascendencia

Linfoma tipo Burkitt: a presentación digestiva multicéntrica predominante / Burkitt type lymphoma: digestive predominant multicenter presentation

Se presenta un caso de linfoma tipo Burkitt a forma predominante digestiva. Resultó excepcional por su histología y tuvo la agresividad característica de este tipo de tumor y localización