Profile of work accidents caused by venomous animals in Brazil's Federal District from 2009 to 2019.

Introduction: The high numbers of accidents involving venomous animals in tropical countries is a major public health problem and has prompted the World Health Organization to place them on its list of neglected tropical diseases. The Notifiable Diseases Information System shows that the number of notifications of accidents involving venomous animals increases every year. In Brazil, accidents involving venomous animals are the number one cause of human intoxications. The public health importance of accidents and their consequential importance for workers is clearly illustrated by the more than 100,000 accidents and almost 200 deaths that occur annually. Objectives: To observe and analyze the profile of accidents involving venomous animals in Brazil's Federal District. Methods: A retrospective descriptive case series study of data from four databases containing information on accidents involving venomous animals. In addition to analyzing each one, they were also compared to each other. Results: A total of 11,376 accidents involving venomous animals from 2009 to 2019 were registered in the Federal District. There were 363 occupational accidents and zero deaths in the period. There were discrepancies between each of the databases analyzed. Conclusions: Subnotification and discrepancies should be better evaluated and subsequently resolved by the managers of each database. Actively seeking information and better organization of the organs responsible for database management are possible solutions to the current problems.

Occupational exposure and poisoning by chemical products in the Federal District.

OBJECTIVE: to describe case of occupational exposure to chemical products. METHOD: descriptive retrospective study using record data of 382 workers assisted in the Outpatient Care for Occupational Toxicology of the Reference Center of Workers' Health of the Federal District, between 2009 and 2013. RESULTS: From the total, 66.7% were men, 55.2% had up to 9 years of activity and 81% did not use personal protective equipment (PPE). Nearly 60% were farmers and environmental surveillance agents, exposed to pesticides (63%), of which 40% were organophosphorus insecticides. The majority (68%) presented butyrylcholinesterase activity decreased, mostly farmers (85.9%); 57.3% of workers were considered poisoned - 61.6% by pesticides and 37.9% by industrial chemicals -, and away from work for at least 10 days. CONCLUSION: The profile was male workers, from 30 to 39 years, which not used PPE, indicating the need for prevention together with them to prevent poisonings.

Occupational exposure and poisoning by chemical products in the Federal District / Exposición e intoxicación ocupacional a productos químicos en el Distrito Federal / Exposição e intoxicação ocupacional a produtos químicos no Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe case of occupational exposure to chemical products. Method: descriptive retrospective study using record data of 382 workers assisted in the Outpatient Care for Occupational Toxicology of the Reference Center of Workers' Health of the Federal District, between 2009 and 2013. Results: From the total, 66.7% were men, 55.2% had up to 9 years of activity and 81% did not use personal protective equipment (PPE). Nearly 60% were farmers and environmental surveillance agents, exposed to pesticides (63%), of which 40% were organophosphorus insecticides. The majority (68%) presented butyrylcholinesterase activity decreased, mostly farmers (85.9%); 57.3% of workers were considered poisoned - 61.6% by pesticides and 37.9% by industrial chemicals -, and away from work for at least 10 days. Conclusion: The profile was male workers, from 30 to 39 years, which not used PPE, indicating the need for prevention together with them to prevent poisonings.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir casos de exposición ocupacional a productos químicos. Método: estudio retrospectivo descriptivo utilizando datos del prontuario de 382 trabajadores atendidos en el Ambulatorio de Toxicología Ocupacional del Centro de Referencia en Salud del Trabajador del Distrito Federal entre 2009 y 2013. Resultados: El 66,7% eran hombres, el 55,2% tenía hasta 9 años de actividad y el 81% no usaba el equipo de protección individual (EPI). Casi el 60% eran agricultores y agentes de vigilancia ambiental, expuestos a agrotóxicos (63%), de los cuales 40% insecticidas organofosforados. La mayoría (68%) presentó actividad de butirilcolinesterasa disminuida, principalmente agricultores (85,9%); el 57,3% de los trabajadores fueron considerados intoxicados, 61,6% por agrotóxicos y 37,9% por productos químicos industriales, y alejados del trabajo por lo menos 10 días. Conclusión: El perfil de los trabajadores atendidos fue de hombres, predominantemente de 30 a 39 años, que no utilizaban el EPI, indicando la necesidad de acciones de prevención junto a esa población para evitar la ocurrencia de intoxicaciones.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever casos de exposição ocupacional a produtos químicos. Método: estudo retrospectivo descritivo utilizando dados do prontuário de 382 trabalhadores atendidos no Ambulatório de Toxicologia Ocupacional do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador do Distrito Federal, entre 2009 e 2013. Resultados: 66,7% eram homens, 55,2% tinham até 9 anos de atividade e 81% não usavam equipamento de proteção individual (EPI). Quase 60% eram agricultores e agentes de vigilância ambiental, expostos a agrotóxicos (63%), dos quais 40% inseticidas organofosforados. A maioria (68%) apresentou atividade de butirilcolinesterase diminuída, principalmente agricultores (85,9%); 57,3% dos trabalhadores foram considerados intoxicados, 61,6% por agrotóxicos e 37,9% por produtos químicos industriais, e afastados do trabalho por pelo menos 10 dias. Conclusão: O perfil dos trabalhadores atendidos foi de homens, predominantemente de 30 a 39 anos, que não utilizavam EPI, indicando a necessidade de ações de prevenção junto a essa população para evitar a ocorrência de intoxicações.

Two health information systems to characterize poisoning in Brazil-a descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Poisoning is a worldwide public health problem that involves individuals of all ages and a wide range of chemicals. This study investigated the data from two health information systems to characterize poisoning events in the Federal District (DF), Brazil. METHODS: Data related to the period from 2009 to 2013 were obtained from the poison information center (Centro de Informação Toxicológica, CIT) and the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN) of the DF. RESULTS: A total of 3622 cases were reported to CIT-DF and 5702 cases to SINAN-DF. Most of the cases in CIT-DF (53%) occurred with children up to 9 years old, while this corresponded to 33.9% in SINAN-DF. Unintentional poisoning was the main circumstance involved in the cases. Pharmaceuticals were the main agent (44.3-47.1% of the cases), mainly clonazepan and paracetamol, and pesticides the most fatal (2.4% fatality rate). Out of the 47 fatal cases reported to the systems, only four were reported to both; six cases occurred with children up to 6 years. CONCLUSION: Under-reporting and missing information were identified in both systems, but the data were complementary to describe the epidemiology of poisoning cases in the DF.

Underreporting of fatal poisonings in Brazil - A descriptive study using data from four information systems.

Poisoning is a worldwide problem that involves individuals of all ages and a range of chemicals. In this study, fatal poisoning cases that occurred in the Federal District of Brazil (DF) from 2009 to 2013 were described using information from four systems, and the reasons for underreporting of each system were discussed. Data were obtained from the mortality information system (SIM), the notifiable disease information system (SINAN), the poison information center (CIT), and the forensic medicine institute (IML) of the DF. In total, 288 cases were reported to SIM, 18 to SINAN, 29 to CIT and 101 cases identified in the IML. SIM data indicated a prevalence of 2.24 cases/year/100,000 individuals in the DF, higher than the national estimation (1.36). After eliminating the 98 duplicate cases among the systems, 338 fatal unique cases were identified, from which 74.0% were reported in only one system (mainly the SIM), 23.4% in two systems, 8 cases in three systems and only 1 case was reported in the four systems. Over two thirds of the 338 fatalities involved men (67.4%), and 46.9% involved individuals aged 20-39 years. Medications were the main agent involved (49.4%), followed by pesticides (29.9%). The fatalities occurred mainly after unintentional exposure (50.8%) and suicide (47.7%, of which 53.5% involved pesticides). These results confirmed the previous hypothesis that none of the information systems could capture the whole picture of fatal poisonings in the DF. Underreporting was found in all systems, indicating the need to improve the information quality and the coordination of data reporting, so that health authorities can better understand and reduce these fatalities.

Acidentes por centopéia notificados pelo Centro de Informaçöes Toxoicológicas de Belém, nun período de dois anos / Centipede accidents notified by Centro de Informações Toxicológicas de Belém, over a two-year period

Centopéias são animais invertebrados do filo dos artrópodes e da classe Chilopoda. Este trabalho objetiva estudar o perfil dos acidentes por centopéias notificados pelo "Centro de Informações Toxicológicas de Belém" (CIT-Belém). Foram estudados 76 protocolos registrados no período de março de 1998 a março de 2000. Corresponderam a 16,7 por cento dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos, superados apenas pelo ofidismo (44,4 por cento) e escorpionismo (20,5 por cento). O local do acidente foi a residência em 86,8 por cento dos casos. A faixa etária 20 - 49 anos foi a mais acometida (64,4 por cento) e 61,8 por cento dos casos registrados pertenciam ao sexo feminino. Membros superiores foram a parte do corpo mais acidentada (47,4 por cento). Dor local ocorreu em 95,8 por cento dos pacientes e edema local leve em 52,1 por cento. O tratamento foi predominantemente sintomático; 94,7 por cento evoluíram para a cura e ignora-se a evolução nos outros 5,3 por cento. Sugere-se que o acidente por centopéia é benigno e doméstico e que tratamentos analgésicos são suficientes

Acidentes por animais peçonhentos em peçonhentos de 0 a 14 anos / Poisonous animals accidents upon the age of 0 to 14 years

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos na faixa etária de 0 a 14 anos registrados no CIT/Belém. Métodos: estudo descritivo de 186 pacientes, entre 0-14 anos de idade, vítimas de acidentes por animais peçonhentos, registrados no CIT/Belém, no período de março/1998 a dezembro/2000. Foram verificadas as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, área município, local de ocorrência, animal envolvido, circunstância do acidente, tipo de exposição, solicitante, manifestação clínica, complicações, seqüelas, internação e evolução clínica. Resultados: O sexo masculino e a faixa etária de 08 a 09 anos representaram os mais acometidos. A área rural apresentou o maior número de casos. Quanto ao local do acidente, a maioria ocorreu em ambiente externo. As serpentes foram os principais animais peçonhentos responsáveis por estes acidentes; os sintomas comuns: dor, edema e eritema locais; a complicação mais frequente: necrose. A cura foi obtida em 71,51 por cento dos casos e ocorreram apenas 02 óbitos. Conclusão: Os acidentes por animais peçonhentos são de grande importância clínica em nosso estado, dada a frequência e a magnitude da sintomatologia. Vale ressaltar que o estudo e registro destes pelo CIT/Belém, propicia melhores diagnóstico, conduta terapêutica, bem como sua profilaxia, trazendo benefícios para a comunidade médica e a população