[Determination of abrasive properties of toothpastes by means of copper abrasion]. / Okreslanie wlasciwosci sciernych past do zebów metoda scierania miedzi.

The results are presented of the investigations of the proposed method for determination of the abrasive properties of toothpastes and raw materials used for their production. The method is based on brushing of copper surface with the studied paste in a device of own design, followed by chemical analysis of copper content in the mass after brushing. The optimal parameters of the work of the abrasive device were determined and the method for determination of copper content is described. For chemical analysis absorption spectroscopy in visible light and atomic absorption spectroscopy were used. The advantages of the proposed method of abrasive force determination was discussed comparing them to those of radioisotope assay.

[The use of Auger's electron spectroscopy for the study of chemical composition of superficial layer of enamel]. / Zastosowanie spektroskopii elektronów Augera do badania skøadu chemicznego powierzchniowej warstwy szkliwa zbów.

The method of chemical composition analysis of the metal surface layers based on Auger's electron spectroscopy was adapted to the evaluation of the changes in the chemical composition of bovine and human enamel. The enamel was damaged by means or hydrochloric acid and subsequently subjected to two-stage remineralization procedure.

[Two-stage method of enamel remineralization]. / Dwustopniowy sposób remineralizacji szkliwa zebów.

Two toothpastes were compared in vitro for assessing the effectiveness of a two-stage process of enamel remineralization after damage inflicted by means of acid. One paste contained added free anions essential for the remineralization process, the other paste contained analogous free cations. The remineralization process was based on sorption of free PO4(3-) or Ca2+ ions at the site of damaged enamel and development of calcium phosphate in situ. The study was carried out using phosphorus and calcium radioisotopes, electron microscope and X-ray microanalyzer.

[Studies on the remineralization of enamel using radioisotopes]. / Badania procesu remineralizacji szkliwa zebów z uzycium radioizotopów.

Enamel of human and bovine teeth was found to show sorption of free calcium ions after damage caused by short-term exposure to diluted hydrochloric acid or mechanical damage. The experiment was carried out using radioisotopes 32P and 45Ca and it was shown that majority of incorporated ions remained in the enamel after prolonged washing out with water as well as after brushing with toothpaste. A considerable stability of binding of the incorporated phosphate ions was noted in the damaged enamel after exposure to calcium salt solution, and marked stability of binding of the incorporated calcium ions after exposure to phosphate solution.