ABSTRACT
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest form of disturbed cardiac rhythm. Hundreds of thousands of AF ablations are annually performed worldwide using different energy sources. One of the most popular methods is radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA). This treatment is fraught with various risks being a highly complicated technical procedure. This review paper presents data on the most frequent complication of RFA, their frequency, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Much attention is given to the recognition and prevention of possible complications.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology , Heart Rate , Humans , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Canine rotavirus was isolated in MA104 roller culture of rhesus macaque cells. Two passages in gnotobiotic puppies and two in colostrum-free puppies resulted in isolation of strain P of canine rotavirus. After 20 passages in MA104 culture the virus was adapted to MDCK culture. Optimal conditions for accumulation of canine rotavirus and its antigen (9.01 g TCD50/ml) in MDCK culture are trypsin pretreatment of the virus inoculate in the final concentration of 50 mcg/ml for 30 min at 37 degrees C, presence of trypsin (10 mcg/ml) in the maintenance medium, multiplicity of infection 0.1 TCD50/ml, and incubation in roller culture at 37 degrees C during 24-30 h. After 60 passages in cell culture, canine rotavirus completely lost its virulence for colostrum-free puppies but retained antigenic activity and induced manifest seroconversion in infected.