[Embryology, anatomy and rare pathologies of the popliteal artery: Peculiarities of surgical treatment]. / Émbriologiia, anatomiia i redkie patologii podkolennoi arterii: osobennosti khirurgicheskogo lecheniia.

Knowledge of anatomical variations of the division of the popliteal artery and specific lesions of the arterial segment involved is necessary for the surgeon, traumatologist-orthopaedist, vascular surgeon. The article contains a review of recent literature data on the prevalence of different variants of branching patterns of the arteries of the crus, also providing a detailed discussion of embryological development of the arterial system of the lower extremities, in many ways explaining the appearance of rare pathologies of the popliteal artery, such as for example popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Particular attention is paid to cystic damage of the popliteal artery, describing currently known theories of the development of this rare pathology, this is accompanied by sharing own experience in surgical treatment of the patients involved. Awareness of anatomical variants and peculiarities of embryonic development contributes to decreasing the possibility of iatrogenic damage of the popliteal artery during orthopaedic operations and to appropriate decision-making as to the method of revascularization.

[Use of naftidrofuryl in angiology].

The review analyses the role of serotonin in the development of pathological processes in angiological patients, showing its negative role in aggravating chronic and acute ischaemia of various organs (brain, myocardium, extremities) both at the expense of vasoconstriction and due to an increase in blood platelet aggregation of blood platelets and erythrocytes, followed by analysis of clinical efficacy of naftidrofuryl) - serotonin 5-HT2 receptor antagonist. Results of numerous randomized trials confirmed its efficacy and safety in treatment of angiological patients, being superior to other vasotropic drugs (cilostazol, pentoxyphyllin, nicotinic acid).