Fractionation of some natural radionuclides in Albic Retisol.

In the present work, the fractionation of heavy natural radionuclides was investigated in Albic Retisol in the Moscow region of Russia. Fractionation was performed using the Pavlotskaya method. 238U and 232Тh were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and 226Ra was measured using an alpha-radiometer that considered the decay of Ra isotopes and accumulation of the resulting decay-related products. Results showed that the potential mobility of radionuclides during migration to adjacent environments and biological availability to plants follows the order 226Ra > 238U > 232Тh. The depletion of 226Ra in the humus horizon A was manifested as a decrease in the 226Ra/238U activity ratio to below 1 in fraction F4.1 (associated with organic matter) and fraction F4.2 (acid-soluble compounds). The profile distribution of 226Ra and 238U in the residual fraction revealed the genetic relationship between these radionuclides. Mobile compounds of 238U and 232Th leached into the lower part of the profile where they became fixed, mainly as the components of fractions associated with organic matter and crystallized iron oxides. A similar profile distribution was found for 238U, 232Тh, and Fe in the acid-soluble fraction associated with crystallized iron oxides. The results obtained herein can form the basis for regulating the mobility and bioavailability of radionuclides to ameliorate their adverse effects on plants and soil ecosystems.

[The application of the modern technologies for the treatment of precancerous diseases of the larynx]. / Primenenie sovremennykh tekhnologii v lechenii predrakovykh zabolevanii gortani.

This article deals with the endolaryngeal methods for the surgical treatment of pre-cancerous diseases of the larynx with the use of up-to-date technologies and anesthetic support. The authors describe the original methods for endolaryngeal interventions based on the use of the CO2-laser. In addition, the results of the analysis of the data obtained during the immediate and delayed postoperative periods are presented.

[The relationship between eosinophilia and parameters of systemic and local adaptive immunity in patients with polypous rhinosinusitis].

Results of the study on adaptive immunity in patients with polypous rhinosinusitis (PRS) proved to depend on the degree of eosinophilia in the peripheral blood. The patients were allocated to two groups, one comprised of those having up to 150 eosinophils per 1 microliter the other of the patients with a higher eosinophil concentration. Patients of the former group had a significantly reduced number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD20+cells in the peripheral blood that may indicate the necessity of administering immunotropic agents. The opposite picture is characteristic of the latter group in which a rise in the number of the above cells is associated with the increased amount of IgG- and IgA-positive cells. In this situation, the use of systemic immunotropic agents should be restricted. It is concluded that evaluation of systemic and local adaptive immunity is of importance for the choice of an adequate strategy for the treatment of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis.

[Amide groups of brain and spinal proteins in acute and chronic alcohol intoxication]. / Amidnye gruppy belkov golovnogo i spinnogo mozga pri ostroi i khronicheskoi alkogo'noi intoksikatsii.

Acute and chronic alcohol intoxication causes a considerable deamidation of central nervous system proteins which is most pronounced in the spinal cord. There occurs rearrangement in the amide bonds lability and in the ratio of easy-hydrolyzable and strongly bound amide groups. The metabolic response to the single administration of ethanol is disturbed. Alcohol intoxication causes changes in the amount of amide groups in the central nervous system proteins under conditions of physical exercises and fatigue development.

[Aspartate aminotransferase activity in the brain and spinal cord in acute and chronic alcoholic intoxication]. / Aktivnost' aspartat-aminotransferazy v golovnom i spinnom mozge pri ostroi i khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

Resynthesis of aspartate via glutamate was decreased 6-8-fold in rat brain spinal cord tissues due to distinct inhibition of aspartate aminotransferase in acute alcohol intoxication. Consumption of glutamic acid was distinctly increased 1.5-2-fold in tissues of the central nervous system but its metabolism was altered. Normalization occurred within 12-24 hrs after the intake of alcohol. In the state of chronic alcohol intoxication the enzymatic activity was marked increased in brain and spinal cord; in this case the response to a single alcohol administration was altered as compared with acute alcohol intoxication.

[Characteristics of the central nervous system metabolism reaction to stress in acute alcoholic intoxication]. / Osobennosti metabolicheskoi reaktsii tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy na stress pri ostroi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

In a state of acute alcohol intoxication metabolic response on the stress of the central nervous system was distinctly altered in rats (formation and binding of ammonia in brain and medulla spinalis). The following effects were observed: deamidation of brain proteins was impaired, the intensity of ammonia formation was decreased, content of urea decreased and dynamics of gamma aminobutyric acid, dicarbonic amino acids and their amides was altered.