Comparison of the local and the average crystal structure of proton conducting lanthanum tungstate and the influence of molybdenum substitution.

We report on the comparison of the local and average structure reported recently for proton conducting lanthanum tungstate, of general formula La28-xW4+xO54+δv2-δ, and the impact of molybdenum-substitution on the crystal structure of the material. Partial replacement of W with 10 and 30 mol% Mo is investigated here, i.e. La27(W1-xMox)5O55.5 for x = 0.1 and 0.3. This study addresses the interpretation and the description of a disordered cation and anion sublattice in this material, which enables the understanding of the fundamental properties related to hydration, transport properties and degradation in lanthanum tungstate. The report shows that Mo-substituted lanthanum tungstate is a promising material as a dense oxide membrane for hydrogen separation at intermediate temperatures.

New crystal structure and characterization of lanthanum tungstate "La6WO12" prepared by freeze-drying synthesis.

Lanthanum tungstates with a La/W atomic ratio between 6 and 4.8 have been synthesized as polycrystalline materials using the freeze-drying wet-chemical precursor method. Our results show that a single phase material is obtained when the La/W ratio is between 5.3 and 5.7 (T = 1500 degrees C). Outside this compositional range, segregation of either La(2)O(3) (La/W > or = 5.8) or La(6)W(2)O(15) (La/W < or = 5.2) are found. We have solved the crystal structure for the composition with a La/W nominal atomic ratio of 5.6 by combining powder X-ray and powder neutron diffraction techniques. This structure substantially differs from that previously reported for Ln(6)WO(12) (Ln = Y, Ho). The main differences between the two structure types are the crystal symmetry, the different coordination environment of the cations and the formula unit. The formula unit can be written as La(6.63)W(1.17)O(13.43) (Z = 4; calculated density = 6.395 g/cm(3)), well in accordance with the diffraction techniques, He-pycnometry and electron probe microanalysis. These materials can be described as a face centred cubic structure with space group F43m. Lattice parameters vary between 11.173 and 11.188 A, depending on composition. Dense ceramic materials are obtained at 1400 degrees C, and microanalyses measurements indicate that no significant tungsten evaporation occurs compared to the nominal values. Compositions with La(2)O(3) segregation show similar conductivity values as the single phase ones, but those containing segregation of W-rich phases show a considerable drop in conductivity with increasing content of the secondary phase.