ABSTRACT
Introduction: In the first trimester, almost one in five identified pregnancies end in spontaneous miscarriage, and another 22% result in induced abortion. After a spontaneous and/or induced abortion, there may be retained products of conception (POC). Because of its relatively poor efficacy and the unpredictability of the time interval until spontaneous evacuation, expectant treatment is not often chosen by healthcare professionals. In view of these facts, the current study's objective was to weigh the effectiveness of MVA and oral misoprostol 600 mg in managing incomplete abortion. Materials and Procedures: The investigation was conducted at the tertiary care center in India. The survey was conducted for one year. Subjects were selected from those attending the department for either spontaneous or induced abortions. A total of 230 women were randomly assigned to receive the interventions of a single dose of oral misoprostol 600 mcg or MVA. They were equally distributed to two groups and observed for the various parameters of success, signs and symptoms, satisfaction, and complications. The obtained values were compared statistically for the significance at <0.05 of P values. Results: Of the 200 subjects (30 lost to follow-up), there was no significant variance in the demographics, clinical outcomes, and complications between the groups. However, the pain, fever, shivering, and satisfaction parameters were statistically variant between the groups. Fever, shivering, and pain were lower for the MISO subjects while satisfaction was reported higher from subjects in MISO group. Conclusion: MISO and MVA are acceptable, safe, and efficient therapies for first-trimester un-complicated incomplete abortion. Nonetheless, misoprostol appears to be a marginally superior option to MVA in terms of accessibility, low therapy costs, reduced pain, and reduced demand for specialized personnel or equipment.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In emergency surgeries, open abdomen or laparostomy, especially with perforated viscus, has been used primarily to prevent delayed ventral hernia, burst abdomen, and abdominal compartment syndrome. In the present study, the clinical and resuscitative factors that are linked with open abdomen morbidity are evaluated. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was done for all the subjects who were admitted at the tertiary care center between May 2020 and May 2022 for the open abdomen surgeries. These patients were examined to see whether they needed more postoperative care than usual, including the need for resuscitative treatments and other critical clinical indicators. Patients were evaluated if they had any complications. The data that were collected were analysed for any variance using analysis of variance considering P <.05 as significant. Results: A total of 100 subjects were analysed in this study. Forty nine patients had intra-abdominal sepsis of the 100 cases examined from historical case records and 1 had entero-cutaneous fistulas. These patients did not necessitate additional actions for intensive care unit care, resuscitation, an chest infection, extended hospital stay, or any disabilities compared to those who did not undergo laparotomy during the same period. In this group of patients with open abdomens, the immediate postoperative period was not linked to an increase in resuscitation efforts or a load on clinical staff. Once patients are stabilized, early definitive abdominal closure is advised to prevent problems associated to laparostomies. Conclusion: The quantity of initial fluid revival and the coagulation factors at the time of admission are not related to intra-abdominal sepsis and enteric fistula following laparostomy after significant abdominal injuries.
ABSTRACT
Allergic rhinitis is a type-I hypersensitivity reaction of the nasal mucosa, primarily mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) with complex etiological factors.Allergic rhinitis may involve the inner ear. The scientific basis for this is poorly understood. However, the inner ear has been found to demonstrate both cellular and humoral immunity, and the seat of immuno-activity appears to reside in the endolymphatic sac and duct. To assess the audiological profile of patients with allergic rhinitis. 100 Study group patients and 50 control group subjects underwent detailed audiological assessment. Present study revealed high frequency sensorineural hearing loss with prolongation of Wave I and shortened wave I-III and Wave I-V interpeak latencies on ABR and abnormal DPOAE findings, compared with controls which indicate inner ear involvement (cochlear pathology). Individuals with allergic rhinitis are more prone to hearing abnormalities which can be detected even before any symptoms of hearing impairment are present. However, the exact pathophysiology of inner ear damage in patients of airway allergy is poorly understood and therefore, additional studies in this area are required with a larger sample population to assess the benefits of hearing assessment in patients of allergic rhinitis for early detection of hearing loss.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The findings of previous studies in the management of acute appendicitis with peritonitis complications are debatable. Thus, in this study, we aim to evaluate two surgical procedures in the management of acute appendicitis. Material and Methods: We piloted an observational prospective study on 50 subjects of both genders with acute appendicitis and peritonitis complication. They were divided equally into two groups who received laparoscopic and conventional open surgery. The data were collected for the various clinical parameters, the complications that followed, and the success rates. The data were analyzed using the t test deliberating P < 0.05 as significant. Results: We observed a similar distribution of genders, and the mean was 41 ± 0.5 years. We observed that among the laparoscopic group, the longer the surgical time, the shorter the stay at the hospital. Lower complications though not significant were noted than the open method. Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach may be suggested for the management of patients with acute appendicitis and with peritonitis. This method showed early patient discharge and fewer post-surgical complications.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The diagnostic accuracy for the diseases of the gall bladder is high for the Ultrasound. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the application of the ultrasound as a major diagnostic aid for the gallbladder diseases. Materials and Methods: We piloted observational study among 100 patients with gallbladder diseases. The clinical, ultrasonograhic, and the histopathological parameters were compared to check the validity of the tests using t-test deliberating P < 0.05 as significant. Results: We observed that number of the cases that were positively identified radiographically were 93 out of 82 actual cases and 67 identified by the Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). There was no significant difference between the clinical, pathological diagnosis and the ultrasonograhic diagnosis indicating a accuracy similar to the clinical and FNAC methods. Conclusion: Ultrasonograhic diagnosis performed similar to the other forms of diagnosis and can be suggested as a convenient and accurate diagnostic test for the diseases of gallbladder.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Establishing an accurate vertical dimension at occlusal (VDO) is a challenge. Hence, we aim to find the association between the VDO and the Thumb Length (TL). Materials and Methods: We piloted an observational study by evaluating the VDO and the TL among the Dravidian and Aryan ethnicities with 200 volunteers. The comparisons were made applying the "linear regression analysis" to find the correlation of both. Results: We observed that a strong and positive relation was established for the two parameters of VDO and TL for both the ethnicities. Conclusion: We can suggest from our study that the thumb length can be used as an aid for the occlusal vertical dimension estimation.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The students pursuing professional studies such as medicine and dentistry have to endure a lot of stress. Hence, we evaluated the prevalence of stress and coping disorders among dental students. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based online survey study among 100 dental students of 1-4 years. The survey was based on the "modified General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12; Goldberg and Williams, 1988)." The scores were analyzed for the statistical connotation, keeping P < 0.05 as significant. Results: We observed that over half of the dental pupils felt stressed. The dental students resorted to "Destructive coping mechanisms." Less than 15% of students sought medical and psychiatric counseling. The mean GHQ was 12 ± 1.7. Conclusions: Psychological strength is a prerequisite for good health and better performance in the studies as well as for the practice. There is an urgent need to focus on the mental health of the students specifically in the medical and dental fields.
