ABSTRACT
Moyamoya disease is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular disease characterized by bilateral occlusion or stenosis of arteries around circle of Willis. We report a case of 18-year-old female presented with recurrent episodes of headache and vertigo. On cerebral angiography, the patient was diagnosed to have moyamoya disease. On further evaluation, thrombophilia profile showed increased homocysteine level. The patient was treated conservatively with cobalamin and aspirin and advised for revascularization. According to the literature, there are few case reports of moyamoya disease with thrombotic disorders. Hence, we are reporting this interesting and rare case.
ABSTRACT
Temporomandibular joint dislocation refers to the dislodgement of mandibular condyle from the glenoid fossa. Anterior and anteromedial dislocations of the mandibular condyle are frequently reported in the literature, but superolateral dislocation is a rare presentation. This report outlines a case of superolateral dislocation of an intact mandibular condyle that occurred in conjunction with an ipsilateral mandibular parasymphysis fracture. A review of the clinical features of superolateral dislocation of the mandibular condyle and the possible techniques of its reduction ranging from the most conservative means to extensive surgical interventions is presented.
Subject(s)
Cranial Fossa, Middle/injuries , Joint Dislocations/diagnosis , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Mandibular Condyle/injuries , Mandibular Injuries/diagnosis , Mandibular Injuries/surgery , Temporomandibular Joint/injuries , Accidents, Traffic , Adult , Humans , Jaw Fixation Techniques , Joint Dislocations/etiology , Male , Mandibular Injuries/etiology , Radiography, PanoramicABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of common causes leading to Pancytopenia in patients presenting to tertiary care hospital at Karachi. METHODS: A total of 62 patients with the diagnosis of Pancytopenia of more than one week duration were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent a detailed medical history and full physical examination followed by blood sampling for the investigations i.e. complete blood count with peripheral film, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Malarial parasites (MP), liver function test, Renal function tests, PT and viral profile (HBsAg, Anti-HCV), Ultrasonography of abdomen. All patients underwent bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy for reporting and interpretation. Duration of study was six months, from May 2010 to November 2010. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 37.76 ± 16.38years. Out of 62 patients, 36 (58%) were male and 26 (42%) were female. Megaloblastic anemia was the commonest cause that was observed in 41.9% cases followed by acute myeloid leukemia 27.4%, aplastic anemia 19.4% and erythroid hyperplasia 11.3%. Conclusion : This study concluded that most common cause of pancytopenia is Megaloblastic anemia, followed by acute myeloid leukemia and aplastic anemia. Bone marrow examination is a single useful investigation which reveals the underlying cause in patients with pancytopenia.
