[Dynamics of the uptake of free amino acids in the blood serum of the portal vein during the digestion of isolated krill protein]. / Dinamika postupleniia svobodnykh aminokislot v syvorotku krovi vorotnoi veny v protsesse perevarivaniia izolirovannogo belka krilia.

The rate of absorption of amino acids obtained from isolated krill protein administered to rat stomach was studied. Absorption of casein amino acids was determined for reference purposes. Rats subjected to 48-hour fasting were administered krill isolate and casein in the form of homogenates at a rate 540 mg protein per 100 g bw in 6 ml of distilled water. The concentration of free amino acids in the portal vein was measured after 30 minutes, 1, 3 and 6 hours. The content of amino acids was measured by ion-exchange chromatography with the use of an automatic analyzer of amino acids. The digestion of krill protein proceeds at a high rate. This ensures the maximal augmentation of the concentration of most amino acids in the blood of the portal vein 30 min after isolate administration to the stomach.

[Safety of a new food product--a dry protein mixture]. / K voprosu o bezvrednosti novogo produkta pitaniia--sukhoi belkovoi smesi.

A study was made of the safety of a product consisting of dry clarified blood obtained by means of the peroxide-catalase system, and dry defattened milk in a ratio of 1:1. White rats received the diets containing casein as a source of protein (control) and a dry protein mixture (experimental). In acute experiments, the animals received 36% of protein as regards the caloricity, the experiment lasted 30 days. The general status of the rats, the time-course of changes in the body weight, and feed eating up were placed under observation. A study was made of the microstructure and relative weight of the internal organs (liver, kidneys, spleen, gastric and intestinal mucosa). In chronic experiments, lasting 12 months, the rats received 18% of protein as regards the caloricity. Besides, a study was made of water excretory and concentration functions of the kidneys, protein and lipid metabolism, as well as of the embryotoxic and teratogenic action of the product and of its effect on reproductive function. The diet containing the dry protein mixture was found to produce no adverse effect on the body status.

[Principles and methods of hygienic evaluation of new protein products]. / Printsipy i metody gigienicheskoi otsenki novykh belkovykh produktov.

Modern approaches to the study of the quality of new protein products are reviewed. It is suggested that the food value of the products (organoleptic properties, the composition of nutrients, biological value) and their safety for the animal body should be examined. A possible chronic toxic and sensitizing action of new protein products, their effects on reproductive function, and mutagenic and cancerogenic action were studied in animal experiments.

[Nutritive value of a new protein product--dry protein mixture]. / Izuchenie pishchevoi tsennosti novogo belkovogo produkta--sukhoi belkovoi smesi.

A dry protein mixture (DPM) consists of dry slaughtered animal blood clarified by means of the peroxide-catalase system and dry skim milk at a ratio of 1:1. A study was made of organoleptic properties of the DPM, the composition of nutrients and biological efficacy in experiments on animals. The DPM is light yellow powder without specific taste and odor of blood, contains 58.4% of protein, 1.36% of fat, 26.71% of carbohydrates (lactose), and 8.19% of mineral substances. DPM proteins contain all the essential amino acids. As regards their biological efficacy they are not inferior to that of casein. The DPM is rich in calcium (606 mg/100 ml), phosphorus (645 mg/100 ml) and particularly in iron (106 mg/100 ml). Digestibility of iron examined on rats appeared to be high (31.2%). The new product is recommended for rational and dietetic nutrition.

[Effect of different kinds of Ocean paste on rat liver biochemical indices in sodium fluoride poisoning]. / Vliianie razlichnzkh vidov pasty "Okean" na biokhimicheskie pokazateli pecheni krys pri intoksikatsii, vyzvannoi ftoridom natriia.

The paper is concerned with the effect of diets including three chemically different types of the "Ocean" paste on biochemical characteristics (glycolysis, the content of phosphofructokinase, dehydrogenase, glucoso-6- phosphate, demethylase, dimethylalaniline hydroxylase, ascorbic acid) of the liver of rats exposed to sodium fluoride overdosage. The test diets were compared with those containing conventional sources of protein (casein, beef). Acute exposure to sodium fluoride caused changes in the biochemical characteristics. The most appreciable changes were seen in the group of rats fed beef. As compared with control, the shifts in the biochemical characteristics were negligible provided the rats exposed to acute and chronic poisoning received the diet supplemented with the paste. No morphological changes were found in the internal organs. The data obtained indicate that the type C "Ocean" paste has a protective action in sodium fluoride poisoning.

[Effect of a new food product--cryl paste--on chemical carcinogenesis]. / Vliianie novogo pishchago produkta--pasty iz krilia na khimicheskii kantserogenez

The influence of a new food product obtained from oceanic shrimp--the cryl on the development of tumours under the effect of chemical carcinogens was investigated. DAB (n-dimethylaminobenzene) induced tumours of the liver in 90.8% of the test rats against the background of a caseine-rich diet and in 21.7% of the animals receiving the cryl paste as a part of their alimentation. With the diethylnitrosamine (DENA) induced tumours the lowest percentage (43) and inhibited development were noted with the rats fed on the cryl paste, and the highest--when feeding the animals of beef (74), whereas in the case of a caseine-rich diet--tumours developed in 50% of the animals. Features specific for morphogenesis of tumours induced with DENA with the animals kept on a diet containing different types of protein and also histo- and biochemical changes in the liver in carcinogenesis were studied.

[Nutrition and the state of health of the population of the UkrSSR]. / Osobennosti pitaniia i sostoianie zdorov'ia naseleniia USSR

Investigations made it possible to establish that in the period from 1925-28 to 1970-71 there took place in the Ukraine an increase in the consumption of animal products (milk, meat, fish, eggs), of sugar, vegetables, fruits and a fall in the consumption of cereals (bakery products, grits, macaroni, beans) and potato. Because of these dietary changes in the nutritional pattern of the population there were noted an elevated proportional share of proteins and fats, basically of animal origin, and a decrease in that of complex carbohydrates. A direct relation between the health status of the population and its alimentation has been ascertained; first--between the calorific value of the food products sets and their fat and carbohydrates content, on the one hand, and the body weight of the examined, on the other; and secondly--between the fluorine level in the food and the prevalence of fluorosis, caries, exostosis, aggravated by an imbalance of a number of nutritional components, on the other. Note has been taken at the same time of the fact that obese individuals suffer more often from cardio-vascular affections, gout, uro- and cholelithiasis and diabetes mellitus.