ABSTRACT
ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: This randomized-controlled trial investigated the effect of physical exercise programme (PEP) on happiness among older adults in Nowshahr, Iran. Results of this study on 120 male and female volunteers showed that an 8-week group physical exercise programme was significantly effective in older adults' happiness. Findings showed that physical exercise programme is so beneficial for increasing older adults' happiness. Physical activity is associated with well-being and happiness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week long physical exercise programme (PEP) on happiness among older adults in Nowshahr, Iran. This was a randomized control trial study. The participants consisted of a group of 120 male and female volunteers (mean ± SD age: 71 ± 5.86 years) in a convenience sampling among older adults in public parks in Nowshahr, Iran. We randomly allocated them into experimental (n = 60) and control (n = 60) groups. A validated instrument was used to measure well-being and happiness [Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI)]. Respondents were asked to complete the OHI before and 2 months after implementing PEP. The 8-week PEP was implemented with the intervention group. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using paired t-test, Fisher's exact test and χ(2). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the happiness mean score between the case and control groups; however, after implementing PEP, happiness significantly improved among the experimental group (P = 0.001) and did not improve within the control group (P = 0.79). It can be concluded that PEP had positive effects on happiness among older adults. Planning and implementing of physical activity is so important for older happiness.
Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Exercise Therapy/methods , Happiness , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/psychology , Female , Humans , Iran , Male , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study was performed in 2003-05 to determine the serological status of a sample of pregnant women as a preliminary study for the rubella vaccination programme. Out of 965 pregnant women attending health centres affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences for prenatal care, the estimated rubella immunity rate was 91.1% (95% CI: 89.3%-92.9%) and the nonimmunity rate was 8.9% (95% CI: 7.1%-10.7%). The rubella immunity rate differed in different areas of Tehran but not significantly so. However, there was a significant difference in the level of rubella immunity by the number of persons per household and by age, but no significant relationship with economic status, occupation or level of education.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology , Rubella/epidemiology , Rubella/immunology , Academic Medical Centers , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Characteristics , Female , Humans , Immunity, Active/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Iran/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Population Surveillance , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/prevention & control , Prenatal Care , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Rubella/blood , Rubella/prevention & control , Rubella virus/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , VaccinationABSTRACT
A high proportion of maternal deaths are caused by abortion, especially induced abortion. This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of illegally-induced abortion prior to admittance and its associated risk factors in 8 maternity hospitals in Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran, during 2003-04. In confidential interviews with 417 women who attended the hospitals with abortion, 50 (12.0%) reported that it was illegally induced. These abortions had a significant correlation with fever, septic shock and septic abortion. Of all pregnancies, 35.0% were unwanted, and 27.1% of these were illegally-terminated by induced abortions. Unwanted pregnancy was one of the most important risk factors for induced abortion (OR = 8.84, 95% CI: 4.36-17.92).
Subject(s)
Abortion, Criminal/adverse effects , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Criminal/mortality , Abortion, Criminal/psychology , Abortion, Septic/etiology , Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology , Abortion, Spontaneous/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Attitude to Health , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fever/etiology , Humans , Inpatients/psychology , Iran/epidemiology , Maternal Mortality , Middle Aged , Population Surveillance , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Unwanted/psychology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Shock, Septic/etiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Women/psychologyABSTRACT
This study was performed in 2003-05 to determine the serological status of a sample of pregnant women as a preliminary study for the rubella vaccination programme. Out of 965 pregnant women attending health centres affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences for prenatal care, the estimated rubella immunity rate was 91.1% [95% CI: 89.3%-92.9%] and the nonimmunity rate was 8.9% [95% CI: 7.1%-10.7%]. The rubella immunity rate differed in different areas of Tehran but not significantly so. However, there was a significant difference in the level of rubella immunity by the number of persons per household and by age, but no significant relationship with economic status, occupation or level of education
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Age Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Immunoglobulin G , Rubella Vaccine , World Health Organization , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hospitals, University , RubellaABSTRACT
A high proportion of maternal deaths are caused by abortion, especially induced abortion. This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of illegally-induced abortion prior to admittance and its associated risk factors in 8 maternity hospitals in Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran, during 2003-04. In confidential interviews with 417 women who attended the hospitals with abortion, 50 [12.0%] reported that it was illegally induced. These abortions had a significant correlation with fever, septic shock and septic abortion. Of all pregnancies, 35.0% were unwanted, and 27.1% of these were illegally-terminated by induced abortions. Unwanted pregnancy was one of the most important risk factors for induced abortion [OR = 8.84, 95% CI: 4.36-17.92]
