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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(5): 388-388, dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550706
3.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(4): 318-318, nov. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535513
4.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(3): 246-246, oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535494
6.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(1): 103-104, abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529580
7.
Curr Probl Cardiol ; 47(5): 101066, 2022 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34818529

ABSTRACT

To develop a clinical score to determine preclinical predictors of systolic dysfunction in an outpatient elderly population without a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). PULSE-HF is a cross-sectional study in elderly at-risk (coronary artery disease, diabetes or hypertension) outpatients without a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). The objective in this population was to develop a clinical score to determine preclinical predictors of systolic dysfunction. Clinical and geriatric variables were analyzed; independent predictive factors in the logistic regression analysis were included for the score calculation. Of the 722 subjects enrolled, 47 (6.5%) had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50%, and 15 (2.1%) a LVEF < 40%. Mean age was 76.5 years (5.18) and 445 (61.6%) were female. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified abnormal Q waves (odds ratio [OR]: 4.36; P = 0.003), cardiomegaly (OR: 3.32; P < 0.001), right bundle branch block (OR: 2.84; P = 0.011), cognitive dysfunction (OR: 2.14; P = 0.027) and NT-proBNP (OR 5.43; P < 0.001) as independent predictors of LVEF < 50%. Two prediction scores were built, without and with NT-proBNP inclusion; the area under ROC curves were 0.70 and 0.76, respectively. As the score increased, the sensitivity decreases but increases specificity, and accuracy (97.17% and 91.64% respectively in ≥6 points). NT-proBNP was associated with an increment in the performance (accuracy of 93.18% for score ≥10). We conclude that a simple score using clinical information might be useful to predicting asymptomatic systolic dysfunction in the elderly.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Ventricular Function, Left , Aged , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Humans , Stroke Volume
8.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 88(1): 55-60, feb. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250934

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La preeclampsia (PE) se acompaña de cambios en la función cardiovascular (FCV). Sin embargo, es desconocido si los cambios preceden y persisten a la manifestación clínica de PE. Objetivos: Evaluar las diferencias en la FCV, en la semana 22 de gestación (22sg) y un año posterior al parto (1app) en las pacientes que evolucionaron a la PE vs. a la normotensión (N). También, la asociación entre la FCV en 22sg y la evolución a PE. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, que incluyó 260 primíparas normotensas. Se midió en la semana 22sg y a 1app: laboratorio de rutina, proteinuria de 24horas, presión arterial (PA). Por cardiografía por impedancia: índice cardíaco (IC) y de resistencia vascular sistémica (IRVS), velocidad de onda de pulso (VOP). Se formaron 3 grupos según la evolución a: PE, G1, HTA gestacional (HG) G2, y N, G3. Los resultados se presentan como media ± DS, ANOVA y test post hoc, p < 0,05. Resultados: 12 pacientes evolucionaron a PE, 18 a HG y 220 a N. El G1 presentó en los dos tiempos de medición, valores inferiores de IC y superiores de PA, IRP y VOP comparados al G3. El G2 presentó valores intermedios entre el G1 y el G3. La VOP y el IRP en la 22sg de gestación resultaron predictores de PE. Conclusiones: Las pacientes que evolucionaron a PE presentaron en fase temprana del embarazo diferente FCV respecto a las normotensas. El diagnóstico temprano de estos cambios contribuiría a predecir la PE y prevenir sus complicaciones.


ABSTRACT Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with changes in cardiovascular function (CVF), but whether these changes precede and persist in the clinical phase of the disease is still unknown. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in CVF during 22 weeks of gestation and one year after delivery in patients who developed PE vs. those with normotension (N). The association between CVF on 22 weeks of gestation and the development of PE was also analyzed. Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 260 normotensive primiparous women. Routine laboratory tests, 24-hour urine protein and blood pressure (BP) were measured on 22 weeks and one year after delivery. Cardiac index (CI) systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured by impedance cardiography. The population was divided into three groups according to the outcome during pregnancy: PE: G1, gestational hypertension (GH): G2 and normotension: G3. The results are presented as mean ± SD, ANOVA and post hoc test, p < 0.05. Results: Twelve patients evolved to PE, 18 to GH and 220 remained with N. In G1, CI was lower and BP, SVRI and PWV were higher than in G3 on 22 weeks and one year after delivery. In G2, values were always intermediate between G1 and G3. PWV and SVRI measured on 22 weeks resulted predictors of PE. Conclusions: Patients who developed PE had different CVF in the early stage of pregnancy than those with normotension. The early diagnosis of those changes could predict PE and thus contribute to prevent its complications.

9.
Front. med. (En línea) ; 14(2): 69-73, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103182

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipertensión arterial (HTA) y el síndrome de apnea e hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) presentan alta prevalencia y relación. La HTA predispone a insuficiencia cardíaca, infarto de miocardio, insuficiencia renal y accidente cerebrovascular, mientras que el SAHOS es un problema sanitario emergente asociado a mayor morbimortalidad, por accidentes de tránsito y complicaciones cardiovasculares. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características hemodinámicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de HTA y SAHOS. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico reciente de HTA y SAHOS sin tratamiento. Se dividieron en tres categorías: HTA sin SAHOS, HTA con SAHOS y un grupo control de normotensos con SAHOS. Se realizó el diagnóstico mediante el registro de la presión arterial de consultorio y el monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial. El patrón hemodinámico y el contenido de fluido torácico (CFT) fueron evaluados por cardiografía por impedancia (CGI) y se diagnosticó SAHOS por poligrafía respiratoria ambulatoria. Resultados. Los pacientes con HTA y SAHOS presentaron un patrón hemodinámico vasoconstrictor y valores superiores de TFC respecto de los normotensos con SAHOS y HTA sin SAHOS. Conclusión. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren mayor compromiso de los sistemas simpático y renina angiotensina aldosterona. Estos hallazgos brindan nuevas hipótesis para continuar esta línea de investigación con mayor número de pacientes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sleep Apnea Syndromes , Cardiography, Impedance , Hypertension , Diagnosis
10.
Prensa méd. argent ; 104(1): 25-31, 20180000. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1370867

ABSTRACT

de la hipótesis de que la creación de un área específica para la atención integrada e integral del paciente hipertenso facilitaría el diagnóstico y control de esta patología y mejoraría la calidad de atención, se implementó esta estrategia asistencial en 2015 con la construcción y puesta en funcionamiento de un Centro de Hipertensión Arterial (CHTA). Luego de dos años de funcionamiento, para comprobar nuestra hipótesis evaluamos el grado de satisfacción en la atención administrativa, médica y edilicia de los pacientes hipertensos asistidos en este Centro y comparamos las respuestas con un modelo clásico de atención en consultorio externo dentro del Hospital Central (HC).. Material y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo utilizando como instrumento de medición una encuesta anónima, no obligatoria. Se entregó para su respuesta a los pacientes que debían realizarse estudios para el diagnóstico o control de su presión arterial luego de ser evaluados por el cardiólogo tanto a los asistidos en el CHTA como a los de Consultorio externo en el Hospital Central (HC) Resultados. Completaron la encuesta 393 pacientes (244 correspondientes al CHTA y 149 del HC) durante el período comprendido entre Febrero y Abril de 2016. Demostramos una mayor satisfacción y percepción de mejor calidad de atención en los pacientes del CTHA comparado con el HC. La diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa Conclusión. La calidad de la atención ofrecida en un Centro de Hipertensión Arterial demostró ser superior a la que se brinda a los pacientes hipertensos en HC. Se comprobó una mejor percepción de la atención a nivel administrativo, médico y edilicio. La creación de estos centros multidisciplinarios contribuye a la mejora de la calidad asistencial del paciente hipertenso.


This is an experience on the evaluation of the quality of care in an Artery Hypertension Center (AHC) from an Universitary Hospital (CH). Since the hypothesis that the creation of a specific area for an integral care and the effectiveness achieved in hypertensive patients, would facilitate the diagnosis and control of this pathology, and simultaneously will improve the quality of assistance, it was instituted the functioning of an Artery Hypertension Center. A prospective study showed a better health behavior in the quality of life of the hypertensive patients from the AHC compared with those treated in the CH. The conclusions were based on cost effectiveness analysis that observed a well-managed care which achieved a better health behavior in the patients from the health center


Subject(s)
Humans , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , Patient-Centered Care , Arterial Pressure , Ambulatory Care , Health Planning Organizations/organization & administration
11.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 85(4): 1-8, ago. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957791

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hipertensión arterial es el principal factor de riesgo para enfermedad y muerte cardiovascular. Su prevalencia va en aumento, lo cual hace necesario conocer los datos actualizados en la Argentina. Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia, el conocimiento, el tratamiento y el control de la hipertensión arterial en la Argentina. Material y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó individuos ≥ 18 años de 25 ciudades argentinas. Los participantes fueron encuestados y se midió la presión arterial con presurómetros automáticos validados. Resultados: Se encuestaron 5.931 individuos, con una edad promedio de 43,5 ± 17,1 años. La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial fue del 36,3% (IC 95% 35,1-37,6), siendo mayor en varones (43,7% vs. 30,4%; p < 0,0001). La prevalencia aumentó con la edad en ambos sexos. El 38,8% de los hipertensos desconocían su enfermedad y el 5,7% la conocían pero no recibían tratamiento. El 55,5% estaban tratados y solo el 24,2% se encontraban controlados, observándose más control en las mujeres. El 73,4% de los hipertensos tratados recibían monoterapia y solo el 43,6% estaban controlados. Los pacientes adherentes al tratamiento tuvieron mejor control de la presión arterial que los no adherentes (46,9% vs. 40,1%; p = 0,01). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en la Argentina es del 36,3%, en coincidencia con los reportes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la región. El 38,8% de los participantes desconocían su enfermedad. La mitad de los hipertensos recibían tratamiento farmacológico y solo la cuarta parte estaban controlados. Tres de cada cuatro pacientes tratados recibían monoterapia. El control de la presión arterial se relacionó con mejor adherencia al tratamiento.

12.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 83(2): 107-111, abr. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957584

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hipertensión de guardapolvo blanco (HGB) es común en el embarazo, aunque su evolución clínica durante la gestación se conoce poco. La hipertensión matinal y el comportamiento non-dipper, medidos por monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial (MAPA), se asocian con mayor riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares; no obstante ello, son escasos los estudios en la gestación. Objetivos: El objetivo primario del estudio fue evaluar la hipertensión matinal y el comportamiento non-dipper en embarazadas con HGB versus un grupo control de normotensas. Se planteó como objetivo secundario evaluar si la HGB, la hipertensión matinal y el comportamiento non-dipper en el segundo trimestre del embarazo se relacionan con mayor hipertensión sostenida en el tercer trimestre. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo en el que se incluyeron 95 primigestas en la semana 20 de gestación, 50 con HGB y 45 normotensas como grupo control. Se registraron laboratorio de rutina, presión de consultorio y MAPA en la inclusión y a las 32 semanas de gestación. La hipertensión matinal y el comportamiento non-dipper se evaluaron por MAPA. Resultados: La edad, la glucemia y la presión diurna y nocturna por MAPA fueron similares en el examen basal en ambos grupos. Por el contrario, las pacientes con HGB presentaron valores significativamente superiores de hipertensión matinal y comportamiento non-dipper, lo cual se asoció en forma independiente con hipertensión sostenida en el tercer trimestre del embarazo. Conclusiones: Las gestantes con HGB en la semana 20 de embarazo presentaron mayor hipertensión matinal y comportamiento non-dipper y evolucionaron con más frecuencia a hipertensión sostenida que el grupo control de normotensas.


Background: White coat syndrome (WCS) is common during pregnancy, although little is known about its clinical outcome during gestation. Morning hypertension and the non-dipper behavior, measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), are associated with greater risk of cardiovascular events. However, there are few studies during pregnancy. Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to evaluate morning hypertension and the non-dipper behavior in pregnant women with WCS versus a control normotensive group. A secondary objective was to evaluate whether WCS, morning hypertension and the non-dipper behavior in the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with greater hypertension in the third trimester. Methods: This prospective study included 95 primiparae in the 20th week of gestation, 50 with WCS and 45 as normotensive control group. Routine lab tests, office blood pressure and ABPM at inclusion and in the 32th week of gestation were recorded. Morning hypertension and the non-dipper behavior were evaluated by ABPM. Results: Age, and baseline blood glucose level and daytime and nighttime blood pressure by ABPM were similar in both groups. Conversely, patients presenting WCS had significantly higher values of morning hypertension and non-dipper behavior, which were independently associated with sustained hypertension in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: Pregnant women with WCS in the 20th week of gestation presented greater morning hypertension and non-dipper behavior and progressed more frequently to sustained hypertension than the control normotensive group.

13.
Am J Cardiol ; 112(12): 1885-95, 2013 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24063830

ABSTRACT

Hypercholesterolemic patients (n = 1,547) at high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥100 and ≤160 mg/dl while treated with atorvastatin 10 mg/day entered a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, clinical trial using two 6-week study periods. Period I compared the efficacy/safety of (1) adding ezetimibe 10 mg (ezetimibe) to stable atorvastatin 10 mg, (2) doubling atorvastatin to 20 mg, or (3) switching to rosuvastatin 10 mg. Subjects in the latter 2 groups who persisted with elevated LDL-C levels (≥100 and ≤160 mg/dl) after period I, entered period II; subjects on atorvastatin 20 mg had ezetimibe added to their atorvastatin 20 mg, or uptitrated their atorvastatin to 40 mg; subjects on rosuvastatin 10 mg switched to atorvastatin 20 mg plus ezetimibe or uptitrated their rosuvastatin to 20 mg. Some subjects on atorvastatin 10 mg plus ezetimibe continued the same treatment into period II. At the end of period I, ezetimibe plus atorvastatin 10 mg reduced LDL-C significantly more than atorvastatin 20 mg or rosuvastatin 10 mg (22.2% vs 9.5% or 13.0%, respectively, p <0.001). At the end of period II, ezetimibe plus atorvastatin 20 mg reduced LDL-C significantly more than atorvastatin 40 mg (17.4% vs 6.9%, p <0.001); switching from rosuvastatin 10 mg to ezetimibe plus atorvastatin 20 mg reduced LDL-C significantly more than uptitrating to rosuvastatin 20 mg (17.1% vs 7.5%, p <0.001). Relative to comparative treatments, ezetimibe added to atorvastatin 10 mg (period I) or atorvastatin 20 mg (period II) produced significantly greater percent attainment of LDL-C targets <100 or <70 mg/dl, and significantly greater percent reductions in total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, most lipid and lipoprotein ratios, and apolipoprotein B (except ezetimibe plus atorvastatin 20 vs atorvastatin 40 mg). Reports of adverse experiences were generally similar among groups. In conclusion, treatment of hypercholesterolemic subjects at high cardiovascular risk with ezetimibe added to atorvastatin 10 or 20 mg produced significantly greater improvements in key lipid parameters and significantly greater attainment of LDL-C treatment targets than doubling atorvastatin or switching to (or doubling) rosuvastatin at the compared doses.


Subject(s)
Anticholesteremic Agents/administration & dosage , Azetidines/administration & dosage , Fluorobenzenes/administration & dosage , Heptanoic Acids/administration & dosage , Hypercholesterolemia/drug therapy , Pyrimidines/administration & dosage , Pyrroles/administration & dosage , Sulfonamides/administration & dosage , Aged , Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use , Atorvastatin , Azetidines/therapeutic use , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Ezetimibe , Female , Fluorobenzenes/therapeutic use , Heptanoic Acids/therapeutic use , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Pyrroles/therapeutic use , Rosuvastatin Calcium , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use
14.
Insuf. card ; 8(1): 15-19, mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-130857

ABSTRACT

El bloqueo de los efectos adversos del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA) ha sido un foco importante en el desarrollo de drogas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad cardiovascular en los últimos 30 años. Los niveles plasmáticos de aldosterona disminuyen en forma transitoria luego del inicio del tratamiento con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (IECA) y se ha demostrado que la aldosterona ejerce efectos adversos sobre el sistema cardiovascular en forma independiente de la angiotensina II. En dos reuniones consecutivas 50 líderes de opinión se reunieron para discutir en forma crítica la evidencia actualmente disponible. El presente documento sintetiza las conclusiones que surgieron por consenso de la mesa: "Rol del bloqueo aldosterónico en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial refractaria y estados de hiperaldosteronismo". El interés clínico en el bloqueo aldosterónico en pacientes tratados con IECA o antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina (ARA) fue estimulado por el Estudio RALES (Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study), que demostró que el antagonista de los receptores mineralocorticoides (RMC), espironolactona, redujo el riesgo de mortalidad de toda causa así como de hospitalizaciones por insuficiencia cardíaca (IC), en pacientes con IC severa (clase funcional III-IV, NYHA) y fracción de eyección disminuida. La hipertensión arterial refractaria (HTAR) es un problema médico común que afecta entre el 10% al 30% de los pacientes hipertensos, según la población evaluada. Los estudios en HTAR se ven limitados por el alto riesgo cardiovascular de estos pacientes. El rol de la aldosterona en perpetuar la refractariedad a través de su conocido efecto de retención de sodio y agua y la producción de disfunción endotelial han motivado el uso de bloqueantes de receptores mineralocorticoides, demostrándose una drástica reducción de la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, por lo que actualmente su empleo es recomendado como cuarta línea de tratamiento en pacientes con HTAR que no respondieron a una terapia adecuada previamente (Guía de la Sociedad Europea de Hipertensión/Sociedad Europea de Cardiología 2007).(AU)


Blocking the adverse effects of the rennin-angiotensin system has been a major focus of drug development for the treatment of cardiovascular disease over the last 30 years. Plasma aldosterone levels are only transiently decreased suppressed after the initiation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors treatment and has been shown that aldosterone causes adverse effects on the cardiovascular system independent of angiotensin II. In two consecutive meetings, 50 experts critically reviewed the available evidence. The present document reflects the consensus of the subject: "Role of aldosterone blockade in the treatment of refractory arterial hypertension and hyperaldosteronism". Clinical interest in blocking aldosterone in patients treated with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) was stimulated by the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES), which demonstrated that the mineralocorticoid (MC) antagonist spironolactone reduced the risk of all-cause mortality as well as hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) in patients with severe NYHA Class III-IV HF and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The refractory arterial hypertension (RAH) is a common medical problem that affects from 10% to 30% of hypertensive patients, according to the study population. Studies in RAH are limited by the high cardiovascular risk of these patients. The role of aldosterone perpetuate refractoriness through its known effect of sodium and water retention and production of endothelial dysfunction have motivated the use of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers, demonstrating a dramatic reduction in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, by what use is currently recommended as a fourth-line treatment in patients with RAH who did not respond to appropriate therapy previously (Guide to the European Society of Hypertension / European Society of Cardiology 2007).(AU)


O bloqueio dos efeitos adversos do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA) tem sido o foco principal no desenvolvimento de drogas para o tratamento de doenþa cardiovascular nos últimos 30 anos. Os níveis plasmáticos da aldosterona temporariamente diminuem depois de início do tratamento com inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina (IECA) e tem mostrado-se que a aldosterona ter efeitos adversos sobre o sistema cardiovascular independente da angiotensina II. Em duas reuni§es consecutivas, 50 líderes de opiniÒo se reuniram para discutir criticamente as evidÛncias atuais. O presente documentoreflete o consensosobre o assunto: "Papel do bloqueio da aldosterona no tratamento da hipertensÒo arterial refratária e hiperaldosteronismo". Interesse clínico no bloqueio da aldosterona em pacientes tratados com IECA ou antagonistas do receptor de angiotensina (ARA) foi estimulado pelo estudo RALES (Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study), que demonstrou que o antagonista receptor mineralocorticóide (RMC), espironolactona, reduziu o risco de mortalidade por qualquer causa e hospitalizaþ§es por insuficiÛncia cardíaca (IC) em pacientes com IC severa (classe funcional III-IV, NYHA) e fraþÒo de ejeþÒo diminuída. A hipertensÒo arterial refratária (HTAR) é um problema médico comum que afeta entre 10% a 30% dos pacientes hipertensos, de acordo com a populaþÒo em estudo. Os estudos em HTAR sÒo limitados pelo elevado risco cardiovascular desses pacientes. O papel da aldosterona em perpetuar a refratariedade através do seu efeito conhecido de retenþÒo e produþÒo de disfunþÒo endotelial de sódio e á

15.
Insuf. card ; 8(1): 15-19, mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694720

ABSTRACT

El bloqueo de los efectos adversos del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA) ha sido un foco importante en el desarrollo de drogas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad cardiovascular en los últimos 30 años. Los niveles plasmáticos de aldosterona disminuyen en forma transitoria luego del inicio del tratamiento con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (IECA) y se ha demostrado que la aldosterona ejerce efectos adversos sobre el sistema cardiovascular en forma independiente de la angiotensina II. En dos reuniones consecutivas 50 líderes de opinión se reunieron para discutir en forma crítica la evidencia actualmente disponible. El presente documento sintetiza las conclusiones que surgieron por consenso de la mesa: "Rol del bloqueo aldosterónico en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial refractaria y estados de hiperaldosteronismo". El interés clínico en el bloqueo aldosterónico en pacientes tratados con IECA o antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina (ARA) fue estimulado por el Estudio RALES (Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study), que demostró que el antagonista de los receptores mineralocorticoides (RMC), espironolactona, redujo el riesgo de mortalidad de toda causa así como de hospitalizaciones por insuficiencia cardíaca (IC), en pacientes con IC severa (clase funcional III-IV, NYHA) y fracción de eyección disminuida. La hipertensión arterial refractaria (HTAR) es un problema médico común que afecta entre el 10% al 30% de los pacientes hipertensos, según la población evaluada. Los estudios en HTAR se ven limitados por el alto riesgo cardiovascular de estos pacientes. El rol de la aldosterona en perpetuar la refractariedad a través de su conocido efecto de retención de sodio y agua y la producción de disfunción endotelial han motivado el uso de bloqueantes de receptores mineralocorticoides, demostrándose una drástica reducción de la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, por lo que actualmente su empleo es recomendado como cuarta línea de tratamiento en pacientes con HTAR que no respondieron a una terapia adecuada previamente (Guía de la Sociedad Europea de Hipertensión/Sociedad Europea de Cardiología 2007).


Blocking the adverse effects of the rennin-angiotensin system has been a major focus of drug development for the treatment of cardiovascular disease over the last 30 years. Plasma aldosterone levels are only transiently decreased suppressed after the initiation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors treatment and has been shown that aldosterone causes adverse effects on the cardiovascular system independent of angiotensin II. In two consecutive meetings, 50 experts critically reviewed the available evidence. The present document reflects the consensus of the subject: "Role of aldosterone blockade in the treatment of refractory arterial hypertension and hyperaldosteronism". Clinical interest in blocking aldosterone in patients treated with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) was stimulated by the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES), which demonstrated that the mineralocorticoid (MC) antagonist spironolactone reduced the risk of all-cause mortality as well as hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) in patients with severe NYHA Class III-IV HF and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The refractory arterial hypertension (RAH) is a common medical problem that affects from 10% to 30% of hypertensive patients, according to the study population. Studies in RAH are limited by the high cardiovascular risk of these patients. The role of aldosterone perpetuate refractoriness through its known effect of sodium and water retention and production of endothelial dysfunction have motivated the use of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers, demonstrating a dramatic reduction in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, by what use is currently recommended as a fourth-line treatment in patients with RAH who did not respond to appropriate therapy previously (Guide to the European Society of Hypertension / European Society of Cardiology 2007).


O bloqueio dos efeitos adversos do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA) tem sido o foco principal no desenvolvimento de drogas para o tratamento de doença cardiovascular nos últimos 30 anos. Os níveis plasmáticos da aldosterona temporariamente diminuem depois de início do tratamento com inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina (IECA) e tem mostrado-se que a aldosterona ter efeitos adversos sobre o sistema cardiovascular independente da angiotensina II. Em duas reuniões consecutivas, 50 líderes de opinião se reuniram para discutir criticamente as evidências atuais. O presente documentoreflete o consensosobre o assunto: "Papel do bloqueio da aldosterona no tratamento da hipertensão arterial refratária e hiperaldosteronismo". Interesse clínico no bloqueio da aldosterona em pacientes tratados com IECA ou antagonistas do receptor de angiotensina (ARA) foi estimulado pelo estudo RALES (Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study), que demonstrou que o antagonista receptor mineralocorticóide (RMC), espironolactona, reduziu o risco de mortalidade por qualquer causa e hospitalizações por insuficiência cardíaca (IC) em pacientes com IC severa (classe funcional III-IV, NYHA) e fração de ejeção diminuída. A hipertensão arterial refratária (HTAR) é um problema médico comum que afeta entre 10% a 30% dos pacientes hipertensos, de acordo com a população em estudo. Os estudos em HTAR são limitados pelo elevado risco cardiovascular desses pacientes. O papel da aldosterona em perpetuar a refratariedade através do seu efeito conhecido de retenção e produção de disfunção endotelial de sódio e água tem motivado o uso de bloqueadores dos receptores mineralocorticóides, demonstrando uma redução drástica na pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, por o uso é atualmente recomendada como quarta linha de tratamento em pacientes com HTAR, que não respondem à terapia apropriada anteriormente (Guia da Sociedade Europeia de Hipertensão/Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia 2007).

16.
Clin Exp Hypertens ; 35(5): 330-40, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23094638

ABSTRACT

The subanalysis of a 4 × 4 factorial, 8-week study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of telmisartan (T) 40-80 mg/amlodipine (A) 5-10 mg used in treatment-naïve patients (n = 231) and patients previously treated with antihypertensive agents (n = 880). Similar blood pressure (BP) reductions were achieved with T + A, regardless of their pretreatment status. Highest reductions were achieved with T80 + A10 (treatment-naïve -26.5/-18.2 mm Hg and previously treated -25.6/-19.9 mm Hg). Most patients (treatment-naïve 72.4% and previously treated 77.6%), including those with added risk, achieved BP goal (<140/90 mm Hg) with T80 + A10. Tolerability was comparable in both groups.


Subject(s)
Amlodipine/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Benzoates/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Amlodipine/adverse effects , Amlodipine/pharmacology , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Benzimidazoles/adverse effects , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Benzoates/adverse effects , Benzoates/pharmacology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure/physiology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Hypertension/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Telmisartan , Treatment Outcome
17.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 80(3): 217-221, jun. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657562

ABSTRACT

Introducción No obstante la amplia información en la bibliografía sobre la caracterización de la hipertensión de guardapolvo blanco (HGB), su evolución alejada es hasta el presente tema de controversia. Objetivo Evaluar la incidencia acumulada de hipertensión sostenida (HS) en hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco respecto de normotensos a los 10 años de su inclusión en el estudio. Material y métodos Se incorporaron en forma prospectiva 250 pacientes de ambos sexos, según los siguientes valores de presión de consultorio (PC) y de monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial (MAPA) de 24 horas: Se conformaron dos grupos: 129 hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco y 121 normotensos, los cuales fueron evaluados nuevamente a los 10 años de seguimiento. Se midieron la glucemia, el perfil lipídico y el índice de masa ventricular izquierda (IMVI). Resultados Las variables edad, sexo, tabaquismo y glucemia de normotensos e hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco fueron similares en el examen basal. Los hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco, por el contrario, presentaron valores significativamente superiores en IMC, colesterol total, hipertrigliceridemia e IMVI. Cuarenta y ocho hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco y 21 normotensos originales evolucionaron a HS. La HGB se asoció en forma independiente con HS a los 10 años de seguimiento OR: 2,5 (IC 95% 1,2-4,2). Conclusión La evolución a hipertensión sostenida fue mayor en los hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco que en los normotensos.


Background The long-term outcome of white coat hypertension (WCH) is still controversial despite the broad information currently available. Objective To evaluate the cumulative incidence of sustained hypertension (SH) among patients with white coat hypertension compared to normotensive patients 10 years after being included in the study. Methods A total of 250 patients of both genders were prospectively included with the following office blood pressure (OBP) and 24- hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) values: The patients were divided into two groups: 129 patients with WCH and 121 normotensive patients, and were evaluated after 10 years of follow-up. Glucose blood level, lipid profile and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. Results Age, gender, smoking habits and glucose blood level were similar at baseline among normotensive patients and patients with white coat hypertension. Yet, BMI, total cholesterol levels, lipid levels and LVMI were significantly greater in white-coat hypertensive patients. Sustained hypertension was developed by 48 patients with WCH and 21 normotensive patients. We found an independent association between WCH and SH at 10 years of follow-up OR: 2.5 (95% CI 1.2-4.2). Conclusion Progression to sustained hypertension was greater in patients with white coat hypertension compared to normotensive patients.

18.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 80(3): 217-221, jun. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129276

ABSTRACT

Introducción No obstante la amplia información en la bibliografía sobre la caracterización de la hipertensión de guardapolvo blanco (HGB), su evolución alejada es hasta el presente tema de controversia. Objetivo Evaluar la incidencia acumulada de hipertensión sostenida (HS) en hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco respecto de normotensos a los 10 años de su inclusión en el estudio. Material y métodos Se incorporaron en forma prospectiva 250 pacientes de ambos sexos, según los siguientes valores de presión de consultorio (PC) y de monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial (MAPA) de 24 horas: Se conformaron dos grupos: 129 hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco y 121 normotensos, los cuales fueron evaluados nuevamente a los 10 años de seguimiento. Se midieron la glucemia, el perfil lipídico y el índice de masa ventricular izquierda (IMVI). Resultados Las variables edad, sexo, tabaquismo y glucemia de normotensos e hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco fueron similares en el examen basal. Los hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco, por el contrario, presentaron valores significativamente superiores en IMC, colesterol total, hipertrigliceridemia e IMVI. Cuarenta y ocho hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco y 21 normotensos originales evolucionaron a HS. La HGB se asoció en forma independiente con HS a los 10 años de seguimiento OR: 2,5 (IC 95% 1,2-4,2). Conclusión La evolución a hipertensión sostenida fue mayor en los hipertensos de guardapolvo blanco que en los normotensos.(AU)


Background The long-term outcome of white coat hypertension (WCH) is still controversial despite the broad information currently available. Objective To evaluate the cumulative incidence of sustained hypertension (SH) among patients with white coat hypertension compared to normotensive patients 10 years after being included in the study. Methods A total of 250 patients of both genders were prospectively included with the following office blood pressure (OBP) and 24- hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) values: The patients were divided into two groups: 129 patients with WCH and 121 normotensive patients, and were evaluated after 10 years of follow-up. Glucose blood level, lipid profile and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. Results Age, gender, smoking habits and glucose blood level were similar at baseline among normotensive patients and patients with white coat hypertension. Yet, BMI, total cholesterol levels, lipid levels and LVMI were significantly greater in white-coat hypertensive patients. Sustained hypertension was developed by 48 patients with WCH and 21 normotensive patients. We found an independent association between WCH and SH at 10 years of follow-up OR: 2.5 (95% CI 1.2-4.2). Conclusion Progression to sustained hypertension was greater in patients with white coat hypertension compared to normotensive patients.(AU)

19.
Blood Press Monit ; 15(4): 205-12, 2010 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20613496

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Evaluation of combination therapy with antihypertensive agents by clinic blood pressure (BP) measurements may yield results that differ from out-of-office BP readings. This is of clinical relevance because out-of-office BP values are of prognostic importance. We studied the effects of combining telmisartan and amlodipine on ambulatory BP in patients with stages 1-2 hypertension. METHODS: We conducted an 8-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 4x4 factorial design trial in which 562 patients with clinic diastolic BP at least 95 and 119 mmHg or less were randomized to receive telmisartan (0, 20, 40, or 80 mg) and/or amlodipine (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg). Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment; the end points of interest were the changes from baseline in 24-h systolic and diastolic BP. Secondary end points included the proportion of responders (> or =10 mmHg BP reduction from baseline and/or <130/80 mean 24-h BP) and controlled patients (<130/80 mmHg mean 24-h BP). RESULTS: Combination therapies of telmisartan and amlodipine lowered 24-h BP to a larger extent than the corresponding monotherapies at all doses. Mean reductions from baseline in 24-h BP for the combination of the highest doses of telmisartan (80 mg) and amlodipine (10 mg) were -22.4/-14.6 versus -11.9/-6.9 mmHg for amlodipine (10 mg) and -11.0/-6.9 mmHg for telmisartan (80 mg) (P<0.0001 for each comparison). In addition, BP response and control rates (24-h BP <130/80 mmHg) were significantly higher with the combination therapy versus the monotherapy groups. CONCLUSION: These findings show that telmisartan and amlodipine in combination provide substantial 24-h BP efficacy that is superior to either monotherapy in patients with stages 1 and 2 hypertension.


Subject(s)
Amlodipine/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Benzoates/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amlodipine/administration & dosage , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/administration & dosage , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Benzimidazoles/administration & dosage , Benzoates/administration & dosage , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Telmisartan , Treatment Outcome
20.
Clin Exp Hypertens ; 31(7): 544-52, 2009 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19886852

ABSTRACT

Pre-eclampsia not only complicates 5 to 8% of pregnancies but also increases the risk of maternal cardiovascular disease and mortality later in life. We analyzed three different aspects of arterial function (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and flow-mediated dilatation), in 55 nonpregnant, normotensive women (18-33 years old) according to their gestational history: 15 nulliparous, 20 with a previous normotensive, and 20 formerly pre-eclamptic pregnancy. Former pre-eclamptic women showed a significantly higher augmentation index and pulse wave velocity (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) and lower flow-mediated dilatation (p = 0.01) compared to control groups. In contrast, sublingual nitroglycerine elicited a comparable vasodilatory response in the three groups. The augmentation index correlated significantly with pulse wave velocity and flow-mediated dilatation (R = 0.28 and R = -0.32, respectively, P < 0.05 for both). No significant correlations were observed between augmentation index or flow-mediated dilatation with age, body mass index (BMI), brachial blood pressure, heart rate, or metabolic parameters (plasma cholesterol, glucose, insulin, or insulin resistance). Birth weight maintained a significantly inverse correlation with the augmentation index (R = -0.51, p < 0.002) but not with flow-mediated dilatation. Our findings revealed a parallel decrease in arterial distensibility and endothelium-dependent dilatation in women with a history of pre-eclampsia compared to nulliparous women and women with a previous normal pregnancy. A high augmentation index was the most consistent alteration associated with a history of pre-eclampsia. The study supports the current view that the generalized arterial dysfunction associated with pre-eclampsia persists subclinically after delivery.


Subject(s)
Pre-Eclampsia/physiopathology , Vasodilation/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Birth Weight/physiology , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Carotid Arteries/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Female , Femoral Artery/physiopathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Nitroglycerin/pharmacology , Parity/physiology , Pregnancy , Vasodilation/drug effects , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology , Young Adult
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