ABSTRACT
Pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae, resistant to beta-lactam and quinolone drugs, is widely recognized as important bacteria causing array of diseases. The resistance property is obtained by acquisition of plasmid encoded blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, QNRA, QNRB and QNRS genes. The aim of this study was to document the prevalence and association of these resistant genes in K. pneumoniae infecting patients in India. Approximately 97 and 76.7 % of the 73 K. pneumoniae isolates showed resistance towards beta-lactam and quinolone drugs respectively. Bla genes were detected in 74 % of K. pneumoniae isolates; with prevalence in the following order: blaTEM > blaSHV > blaCTXM. QNR genes were detected in 67 % samples. Chi-square analysis revealed significant association between presence of bla and qnr genes in our study (P value = 0.000125). Sequence analysis of some blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and QNRB PCR products revealed presence of blaTEM1 (GenBank accession: JN193522), blaTEM116 (JN193523 and JN193524), blaSHV11, blaCTXM72 variants (JF523199) and QNRB1 (JN193526 and JN193527) in our samples.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is an inflammatory skin disorder in which colonies of Malassezia furfur have been found in affected areas. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole in the treatment of severe SD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Itraconazole was given to 30 patients of SD in a dose of 100 mg twice daily for 1 week followed by 200 mg/day for first 2 days of the following 2 months. The response was noted on day 15, 30, 60, and 90. The clinical response was graded as markedly effective, effective, or ineffective. RESULTS: Clinical improvement (evaluated as markedly effective or effective) was observed in 83.3% cases. CONCLUSION: The anti-inflammatory activity of oral itraconazole suggests that it should be the first-line therapy in severe SD.
ABSTRACT
An intrafamilial outbreak in West Bengal, India, involving 5 deaths and person-to-person transmission was attributed to Nipah virus. Full-genome sequence of Nipah virus (18,252 nt) amplified from lung tissue showed 99.2% nt and 99.8% aa identity with the Bangladesh-2004 isolate, suggesting a common source of the virus.
Subject(s)
Genome, Viral/genetics , Henipavirus Infections/virology , Nipah Virus/genetics , Adult , Amino Acid Substitution/genetics , Female , Henipavirus Infections/mortality , Henipavirus Infections/transmission , Humans , India , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Nipah Virus/isolation & purification , Phylogeny , Viral Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Plantar ulcers commonly occur in leprosy patients, which usually recur and cause morbidity in such cases. AIMS: The aim of the study is to find out the bacteriological profile of these ulcers and to find out the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates so that appropriate drugs may be chosen for treatment and for prevention of recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six samples from recurrent plantar ulcers of paucibacillary leprosy patients (attending the outpatient department of Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine) were studied for the purpose. Proper sample collection, gram staining, inoculation on culture media, and final identification by biochemical methods were undertaken. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done for appropriate choice of drugs. RESULTS: Mixed growth of bacteria was seen in 20 (36%) cases while single organism was isolated from the rest. Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant single isolate followed by E. coil, Proteus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Chloramphenicol and gentamycin are the two drugs that have shown efficacy to the extent of 75 to 100% and 25 to 100% respectively in vitro studies. CONCLUSION: Bacteriological study of plantar ulcers of leprosy patients has revealed Staphylococcus aureus as the main pathogen. Treatment with chloramphenicol and gentamycin holds good prospect as per our study.
