Proteomic Markers in the Muscles and Brain of Pigs Recovered from Hemorrhagic Stroke.

(1) Background: Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability. Walking dysfunction and paresis of the upper extremities occurs in more than 80% of people who have had a stroke. (2) Methods: We studied post-genomic markers in biosamples of muscle and brain tissue from animals that underwent intracerebral hematoma and recovered after 42 days. Our purpose was to understand the biological mechanisms associated with recovery from hemorrhagic stroke. We analyzed the peptides formed after trypsinolysis of samples by HPLC-MS, and the results were processed by bioinformatics methods, including the establishment of biochemical relationships (gene to gene) using topological omics databases such as Reactome and KEGG. (3) Results: In the pig brain, unique compounds were identified which are expressed during the recovery period after traumatic injury. These are molecular factors of activated microglia, and they contribute to the functional recovery of neurons and reduce instances of hematoma, edema, and oxidative stress. Complexes of the main binding factors of the neurotrophins involved in the differentiation and survival of nerve cells were found in muscles. (4) Conclusions: A network of gene interactions has been constructed for proteins involved in the regulation of synaptic transmission, in particular presynaptic vesicular and endocytic processes. The presence of transmitters and transporters associated with stimulation of NMDA receptors at neuromuscular junctions shows the relationship between upper motor neurons and neuromuscular junctions.

Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia treatment using novel potential.

Radiofrequency ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia is commonly guided by slow and sharp bipolar potentials of the atrioventricular slow nodal pathway. We optimized the morphology of the guiding potential by unipolar mapping of the slow nodal pathway. We identified a novel unipolar dual-component atrial electrogram at the anterior limb of the coronary sinus ostium. The first component was a positive delta-wave type that corresponded to the isoelectric phase on a bipolar electrogram. The second component had fast biphasic morphology and corresponded to the R wave on a bipolar atrial electrogram. Of 104 consecutive patients with typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, 51 were treated with ablation guided by the novel potential, and 53 underwent ablation using the conventional technique. There was no recurrence of tachycardia in any of these patients. In those treated by the novel potential, there was significantly less radiofrequency power applied and a shorter duration of application than in patients treated by the traditional approach. The novel approach to mapping and ablation of the slow nodal pathway in atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia guided by unipolar recording was safe and effective, and comparable to the traditional technique.