[Prevention of thrombohemorrhagic postoperative complications in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

AIM: To improve the results of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study investigated the effectiveness of a comprehensive preoperative preparation of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The clinical efficacy of traditional methods of preoperative preparation (compression bandaging of the lower extremities during surgery and in the postoperative period and Fraxiparine at a prophylactic dose) was compared with the same preoperative protocol used in combination with intravenous laser blood irradiation. The explored parameters included changes in clinical and laboratory coagulation indices and prostatic blood flow measured by Doppler sonography. The real time visualization was used to assess the effect of intravenous laser irradiation of blood on the morphofunctional state of platelets. CONCLUSION: The study findings showed a high effectiveness of intravenous laser blood irradiation in preoperative preparation of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. It was found to reduce the incidence of thrombotic events by 6% and hemorrhagic complications by 4.9% (p<0.05).

In vitro studies of the antiherpetic effect of photodynamic therapy.

The number of viral infection cases in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics has tended to increase over last few years. Viruses form herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus families are associated with an increased risk for recurrent pregnancy loss. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising new approach to treat viral infections in which viral particles are inactivated. It exhibits great therapeutic potential, particularly among this group of patients. This study examined the use of PDT to treat herpesvirus infection (HVI) using an in vitro model. In this study, we used the Vero сell lineage as a suitable model of HVI, strains of HSV-1 (strain VR-3) and HSV-2 (strain MS) obtained from The National Virus Collection (London, UK), the photosensitizer Fotoditazine (Veta-Grand, Russia), an AFS physiotherapeutic device (Polironic Corporation, Russia). Laser light irradiation and the photosensitizer had different cytotoxic effects on the Vero cell cultures depending on the doses used. The optimal laser light and photosensitizer doses were determined. PDT had an antiviral effect on an in vitro model of HVI in cell culture. PDT has been shown to be effective treatment for HVI in vitro, leading to a reliable decrease of viral titer.

Rapid in situ X-ray position stabilization via extremum seeking feedback.

X-ray beam stability is crucial for acquiring high-quality data at synchrotron beamline facilities. When the X-ray beam and defining apertures are of similar dimensions, small misalignments driven by position instabilities give rise to large intensity fluctuations. This problem is solved using extremum seeking feedback control (ESFC) for in situ vertical beam position stabilization. In this setup, the intensity spatial gradient required for ESFC is determined by phase comparison of intensity oscillations downstream from the sample with pre-existing vertical beam oscillations. This approach compensates for vertical position drift from all sources with position recovery times <6 s and intensity stability through a 5 µm aperture measured at 1.5% FWHM over a period of 8 hours.

[Ambient air pollution of territories of children preschool institutions by emissions of vehicle components and health of children population].

The aim of this study was the assessment of levels of pollution of territories of preschool educational institutions (PEI) by components of vehicle emissions, in dependence on their locations relatively to highways with different traffic load and, in this regard, the assessment of children health according to the incidence on the seeking medical advice. To achieve this goal there were solved following tasks: to assess air pollution levels of PEI territories by components of vehicle emissions; to evaluate levels and the structure of morbidity rate according to seeking medical advice by children attending observed PEI. In the article there is presented the evaluation of air pollution levels of the components of vehicle emissions territories 4 PEI of the city of Irkutsk located near to highways with different intensity the road transport load. The research results were obtained with the use of «Methodics for the determination vehicle emissions for summary calculations of ambient air pollution in cities¼, which allows to determine the maximum emissions of a moving vehicle per time unit (g/s) for the main combustion components and with following use of software «Superhighway -city¼ to calculate surface concentrations of considered pollutants in the surface ambient air layer (1 m) in MPC proportions. The highest levels of contamination on the content of nitric oxide and benzo- (a)-pyrene (4 and 6,5 MPC respectively) are registered in the territories adjacent to the PEI motorways with high load tracking. To assess the morbidity rate according to seeking medical advice by children attending PEI with different road transport load there were used records from outpatient medical cards «Medical card of the child¼ (f.112/y). Morbidity rate according to seeking medical advice was evaluated in dynamics throughout five years and calculated per 1000 cases. The total sample size accounted for 670 children. The highest morbidity incidence rate levels according both to seeking medical advice and the class of respiratory diseases were recorded in PEI located in close proximity to the highway with a high load of vehicle transport.

[Anti-herpetic effect of photodynamic action in an in vitro experiment].

AIM: Evaluation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in vitro antiviral effect directly on the herpes simplex virus (HSV) as well as on virus infected cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HSV infected Vero cell culture; HSV-1 (VR-3 strain) and HSV-2 (MS strain) were used. Fotoditazin preparation (chlorin E6 derivative) was used as a photosensitizer. AFS physiotherapy apparatus was used for laser irradiation. Experiment variants: study of direct and mediated photodynamic effect on virus-containing fluid (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and on non-infected cell culture; evaluation of anti-herpetic effect of PDT and study of the effect on the newly produced HSV-1 progeny were carried out within the developed experiment scheme. RESULTS: A scheme of experiment conduction for study of mediated photodynamic effect of HSV was developed. A significant reduction of virus titers for more than 2 orders of magnitude (100-1000 times) was detected. Optimal concentration of photosensitizer and laser irradiation dose that results in reduction of HSV-1 titers by 1000 and more times (1.5 - 2.5 orders of magnitude) and reduction of HSV-2 titers by 10 and more times (1.5 order of magnitude) were determined. CONCLUSION: The data obtained will help selection of adequate scheme of PDT conduction for patients with recurrent herpes virus infection including patients with recurrent miscarriage.

[Auxin synthesis by the higher fungus Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing in the presence of low concentrations of indole compounds].

The auxin formation in a submerged culture of the xylotrophic basidiomycete Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) (shiitake) is studied. Biologically active substances of an indole nature are identified, "the effect of small doses" of which lies in not only the stimulation of growth of the mycelium (indole-3-acetic acid, 2 x 10(-7)-2 x 10(-4) g/l), but also in the induction of tryptophan-independent paths of auxin biosynthesis. The above-mentioned path is realized in the presence of exogenous indole (1 x 10(-3)-1 x 10(-4) g/l), as well as while inducing the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid by its microadditives (1 x 10(-5)-1 x 10(-8) g/l), and is accompanied by the formation of anthranilic acid (up to 1.5 mg/l). Induction of the generative development stage ofshiitake by indole derivatives is revealed. It was found that among the studied compounds only indoleacetamide at a concentration of an order of x 10(-4) g/l in the culture fluid of L. edodes had a pronounced stimulatory effect on the formation of shiitake's brown mycelial film.

Control system for the 2nd generation Berkeley AutoMounters (BAM2) at GM/CA CAT macromolecular crystallography beamlines.

GM/CA CAT at Sector 23 of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is an NIH funded facility for crystallographic structure determination of biological macromolecules by X-ray diffraction.A second generation Berkeley automounter is being integrated into the beamline control system at the 23-BM experimental station. This new device replaces the previous all-pneumatic gripper motions with a combination of pneumatics and XYZ motorized linear stages. The latter adds a higher degree of flexibility to the robot including auto-alignment capability, accommodation of a larger capacity sample Dewar of arbitrary shape, and support for advanced operations such as crystal washing, while preserving the overall simplicity and efficiency of the Berkeley automounter design.

[Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on laccase production by white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus D1].

The effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the dynamics of laccase production by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus D1 under conditions of submerged cultivation on Kirk's medium has been studied. It has been shown that phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene actively induce this enzyme, whereas fluorene and anthrecene had a smaller effect. Addition of Mn2+ ions to cultivation medium elevates the laccase activity twofold and more in the presence of all the studied PAHs. Electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions demonstrates induction of additional laccase species by xenobiotics. Ligninolytic peroxidase activities are undetectable under the conditions used.

[Characterization of an extracellular glycolipid from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing [Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler]].

Submerged mycelium of a xylotrophic basidiomycete Lentinus edodes produces an extracellular glycolipid, S3, associated with a lectin. Galactose glycan residue, as well as the lipid pool composition, which includes nonhydroxylated short-chain fatty acids, is uncommon for basidiomycetes. The glycolipid consists of D-galactopyranose (15% of S3 contains galactose sulfate) acylated by octadecanoic and nonadecanoic fatty acid residues (28 and 72%, respectively). The glycolipid structure and composition are confirmed by physicochemical analysis. The glycolipid is assumed to be a regulator of lectin activity.

[The microflora of vaginal, gutter, and intestinal bioptats of women with a threat of early miscarriage].

A complex simultaneous assessment of the microbiota (the aerobic and anaerobic links as well as the parietal and lumen components) of the gutter, vagina, and intestines of women with a pathological pregnancy was performed. In 30% of women the study revealed system dysbiotic changes. Local immune reactivity was decreased, which may be considered a provoking factor. In conclusion, complex microbiological examination makes it possible to objectivize the picture of the pathological process and its outcome. A criterion for the administration of correcting measures is offered.

Two-dimensional electrophoretic proteome study of serum thermostable fraction from patients with various tumor conditions.

One of the problems of plasma proteomics is a presence of large major components. In this work, we use the thermostable fraction as a way to deplete these major proteins. The thermostable fraction of serum samples from patients with ovarian, uterus, and breast cancers and benign ovarian tumor was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF(-TOF)-mass spectrometry. Of them, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and clusterin are expressly down-regulated in breast cancer, whereas transthyretin is decreased specifically in ovarian cancer. Apolipoprotein A-I forms have decreased spot volumes, while haptoglobin alpha1, in contrast, is elevated in several tumors. These data are partly consistent with previous art studies on cancer proteomics, which involve mass-spectrometry-based serum profiling techniques. Serum thermostable fraction may be recommended as a good tool for medium and small protein proteome investigation, in particular, by 2D-electrophoresis.

[Molecular diagnostics of ovarian cancer using proteome techniques].

Ovarian cancer is most common gynecological malignancy which is difficult for early diagnostics. Development of new methods for diagnostics of ovarian cancer, especially, on early stage, is the urgent problem of modern oncology. A general approach to early diagnostics of cancer is a discovery of specific blood disease biomarkers. Ovarian cancer biomarker used in the modern art, CA125, has some drawbacks resulting in extensive research recently directed to this tumor diagnosis. In particular, it was shown the advantage of parallel use of several diagnostic biomarkers instead of the single one. Proteome techniques (two-dimensional electrophoresis, mass-spectrometry methods) in connection to bioinformatics represent a powerful tool for new biomarker discovery. In this respect, the best method of choice is shown to be SELDI-TOF (Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight) technique which combines chromatography protein chip application and mass-spectrometry-based detection. In this review, new ovarian biomarker data obtained by proteome methods are summarized.

[Oil-oxidizing potential of associative rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum].

The oil-oxidizing potential of associative rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum was studied under laboratory conditions. After screening, A. brasilense strain SR80 was chosen for further investigation. The strain was capable of degrading 56.5% of crude oil (added in a concentration of 1%) over 14 days in a medium containing malate as an additional source of carbon and energy. Studies of associative properties showed that the strain had positive chemotaxis to wheat root exudates, colonized wheat roots, and produced indolyl-3-acetic acid. The synthesis of indolyl-3-acetic acid was not inhibited by oil. Under hydroponic conditions, crude oil stimulated growth of A. brasilense SR80, which promoted development of the wheat root system in the presence of oil and enhanced the level of oil degradation by the plant-microbial association.

[Chronic glomerulonephritis and pregnancy]. / Khronicheskii glomerulonefrit i beremennost'.

AIM: To clarify factors of risk for unfavourable variants of gestational chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and poor pregnancy outcomes in CGN; to determine prognostic implications of changes in some renal and uteroplacental indices. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Variants of CGN gestational course and pregnancy outcomes have been analysed for 156 CGN patients. The women were examined before pregnancy, in the course of pregnancy and 3-24 months after the delivery. Measurements were made of 24 h proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate, blood transaminases activity, functional renal reserve (FRR), uricemia, blood level of alpha-phetoprotein. Placentas were studied morphologically, uterine and umbilical artery circulation was assessed by dopplerometry. RESULTS: The following abnormalities were registered: high proteinuria (34.6%), progression of hypertension (29.5%), renal function deterioration (15.4%), fetal and neonatal losses (15.4%), fetal underdevelopment (25%), preterm delivery (17.3%), preeclampsia (7.7%), preterm placental detachment (1.9%). There is morphological, dopplerometric and biochemical evidence for placental insufficiency in CGN pregnant women. CONCLUSION: Activity of CGN (nephritic or acute nephritic syndromes), hypertension, renal failure, disorders of renal hemodynamics are factors of risk for unfavourable gestational course of CGN and pregnancy complications. Placental insufficiency deteriorates pregnancy outcomes in CGN, but changes in uterine and umbilical circulation as well as blood levels of alpha-fetoprotein are not prognostically significant.

[Microbial degradation of mustard gas reaction masses: isolation and selection of degradative microorganisms, analysis of organic components of reaction masses and their biodegradation]. / Mikrobiologicheskaia degradatsiia reaktsionnykh mass iprita: vydelenie i selektsiia mikroorganizmov-destruktorov, analiz organicheskikh komponentov reaktsionnykh mass i ikh biodestruktsiia.

Bacterial strains growing in medium with mustard gas reaction masses (RM) as carbon sources were obtained. Growth cessation in the above medium was caused by the exhaustion of bioutilizable substrates, first of all monoethanolamine (MEA) and ethyleneglycol (EG), rather than by the accumulation of toxic metabolites in the culture liquid or in the cells. The main RM components, 1,4-perhydrothiazines (PHT), formed in the course of chemical detoxication of mustard gas, were identified and analyzed. The predominant component of PHT mixture was N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-1,4-perhydrothiazine hydrochloride. Concentrations of all the PHT decreased by 50% in the course of culture growth; their destruction was a result of microbial metabolism.

[Experience with fenazid in perperas with respiratory tuberculosis and post-tuberculous changes in the lung]. / Opyt primeneniia fenazida u rodil'nits s tuberkulezom organov dykhaniia ili posttuberkuleznymi izmeneniiami v legkikh.

The paper describes the authors' experience with the new Russian antituberculous agent isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INAH) used in postpartum female patients with different forms of active and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. The study group comprised 20 puerperas with respiratory tuberculosis of different degrees who received fenazid in a dose of 0.5 g daily for 2-3 months for therapeutic and preventive purposes. The comparison group included 36 puerperas given isoniazid in a daily dose of 0.6 g. The effectiveness of fenazid in treating and preventing respiratory tuberculosis allowed the agent to be used in postpartum period and recommended if there are side effects of isoniazid and altered peripheral blood parameters.

[Early proteomics in ovarian cancer: myth or reality?]. / Ranniaia proteomika raka iaichnikov. Mif ili real'nost'?

Literature data summarizing new approaches and importance of early ovary cancer diagnostics have been reviewed. Alpha-feta-protein (AFP) and SA125 were the most reliable markers for determination of early ovary cancer stages. Nevertheless, these markers don't reflect the disease stage, malignance and they don't possess sufficient specificity. New methodical approaches have recently been introduced. They include combination of 2-D electrophoresis with mass-spectrometry. These methods allow to inventory and identify almost all proteins of various tissues. Using these methods for scanning proteins from biopsies of ovary cancer tissues new markers have been discovered.

[Effect of cultivation parameters on the composition of extracellular polysaccharide containing substances in bacterium Azospirillum brasilense]. / Issledovanie vliianiia uslovii vyrashchivaniia bakterii Azospirillum brasilense na sostav vnekletochnykh polisakharidsoderzhashchikh materialov.

Maintenance of pH 7.0 during the fermentation period favors accumulation of high-molecular polysaccharide-containing components, the so-called lipopolysaccharide-protein and polysaccharide-lipid complexes, in the capsules and culture medium. Increased pH of the culture medium to 8.0 reduced the period of exponential growth and the yield of polysaccharide-containing complexes as compared to the optimal conditions. Maintenance of pH 5.5 suppressed the culture growth and polysaccharide production. The polysaccharide-lipid complexes obtained when pH was stabilized at the level of 7.0-8.0 had a relatively low molecular weight and contained only acidic polysaccharides. The use of potassium gluconate instead of sodium malate as a source of carbon in the culture medium changed the polysaccharide composition and increased the content of glucosamine, which increased the attraction of polysaccharides to wheat germ agglutinin. Prolongation of Azospirillum cultivation to five days introduced new glucose-containing polysaccharide components in the capsule.