Stent-Assisted Coil Embolization for Acute Ruptured Dissecting Aneurysm at the P2 Segment of the Posterior Cerebral Artery: A Case Report.

Objective: We report a case of ruptured posterior cerebral artery (PCA) dissecting aneurysm treated with stent-assisted coil embolization in the acute phase of ruptured aneurysm. Case Presentation: A 60-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of severe headache followed by unconsciousness. CT showed severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Digital subtraction angiography showed a dissecting aneurysm at the P2 segment of the right PCA. Stent-assisted coil embolization was performed for the ruptured dissecting aneurysm. Since thrombus was observed in the stent, ozagrel was administered intravenously, and the thrombus gradually disappeared during the follow-up period. She was discharged without neurological deficit. Conclusion: Parent artery occlusion is widely performed for acute ruptured PCA dissecting aneurysm, but reconstruction with stent-assisted coiling is considered to be an effective therapeutic strategy.

Late orbital metastasis from colon cancer complicated by multiple tumors in the breast, lung, liver, and spine.

A 69-year-old woman sustained progressive proptosis for 2 months. The patient had undergone surgery for resection of colon cancer 10 years prior, which was considered to have been completely cured 5 years prior. She was also aware of a hard mass in her left breast, but it had been left untreated. Furthermore, she experienced back pain for a month. Blood examination revealed an elevated level of serum carcinoembryonic antigen, at 17.4 ng/mL (< 5). Computed tomography (CT) revealed a tumor occupying the superolateral part of the right orbit, with intratumoral calcifications and destructive changes in the lateral orbital wall. On magnetic resonance imaging, it appeared as a heterogeneously enhancing, extraconal tumor, 44 mm × 31 mm in maximal dimension, extending into the middle fossa and the adjacent subcutaneous region. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT revealed abnormal accumulation in the left breast, T12 vertebra, liver, and lung, in addition to the orbital tumor. The patient underwent total tumor resection through a lateral orbitotomy. Histological examination of the tumor was highly suggestive of a metastatic colon cancer. Late metastasis should be assumed as a differential diagnosis that can be determined only through histological verification.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland in a patient with the CRTC1-MAML2 fusion gene.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the lacrimal gland (LG) is a rare entity. A 47-year-old woman was aware of periorbital swelling for 3 months. At presentation, the patient showed periorbital swelling in the right eye. CT scan showed an isodense mass in the anterior superolateral part of the orbit. MRI delineated the mass as enhancing, extra-conal tumor appearing isointense on T1-weighted sequences, and to be of mixed intensity on T2-weighted sequences. The tumor was totally resected. Microscopically, the tumor tissue was comprised of squamous, epithelioid cells, and cells with plump and clear cytoplasm. Necrosis, neural invasion, or mitotic figures were not observed. Immunohistochemical examination revealed intense staining for cytokeratin 7. A subset of the cells was positively stained with periodic acid-Schiff and mucicarmine stains. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of the CRTC1-MAML2 fusion. The CRTC1-MAML2 fusion may be a useful indicator for the prognosis and planning of adjuvant therapy.

An infantile case of posterior fossa arachnoid cyst presenting with marked engorgement of contralateral supraorbital vein.

A 6-month-old, previously healthy boy presented with poor feeding and vomiting for 2 weeks. At presentation, his left supraorbital vein was found to engorge considerably. A cranial computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large cyst in the posterior fossa with a prominent left superior ophthalmic vein (SOV). Magnetic resonance imaging delineated the well-demarcated cyst markedly compressing the right cerebellar hemisphere. The patient underwent microscopic fenestration of the cyst wall through lateral suboccipital craniotomy. The cyst wall, comprising multi-layered, opacified membranes, was extensively resected and communicated with the prepontine cistern. The histological appearance of the cyst wall was consistent with an arachnoid cyst. Engorgement of the left supraorbital vein resolved immediately after surgery. A postoperative CT scan did not identify the SOV in the left orbit. In the present case, engorgement of the supraorbital vein might reflect the increased venous pressure of the SOV caused by compression of the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere.

An unprecedented case of penetrating head trauma caused by shoji (a Japanese-style paper sliding door).

Penetrating head trauma (PHT) includes any traumatic injury where an object pierces the skull and breaches the dural membrane surrounding the brain. PHTs are less prevalent than blunt head injuries. However, they often have more complex damage, worse prognosis, and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. An 83-year-old man fell at his home and hit his head on the right side toward a shoji (a Japanese-style paper sliding door). He reported to the emergency room the following day with his family. He had a small wound before the right ear, which was sutured in the emergency room. A CT scan demonstrated tiny pieces of bone fragments inside the brain, as well as right temporal subcortical hemorrhage and pneumocephalus. He was admitted to the hospital and received intensive prophylaxis with antibiotics. He developed life-threatening skin disease and subsequent acute kidney disease requiring hemodialysis. He fully recovered from his life-threatening condition. Here, we report an unprecedented case of a penetrating head injury of an older adult caused by a shoji.

Infantile acute subdural hemorrhage probably caused by injury to the diploic channels.

A 6-month-old, previously healthy boy hit the right frontal region of his head against the corner of a plastic toy box. At presentation, a small area with scalp discoloration was noted in the right frontal region. Head computed tomography at the level of discoloration revealed an intracranial hematoma, 5 mm in maximal thickness, below the coronal suture. In addition, there were bony bridges connecting the frontal and parietal bones. Furthermore, a linear crack was found in the diploe of the frontal bone in contact with the coronal suture. Cerebral MRI confirmed linear hyperintensity between the inner tables. We assumed that a kind of ping-pong ball fracture was caused by the head blow, centering on the coronal suture, resulting in rupture of contacting diploic channels and tear of the dura mater, and forming a subdural hematoma. Acute subdural hemorrhage may be caused by an insignificant blow to the coronal suture in infantile patients with underdeveloped cranial bones and sutures, accompanied by subtle external findings.