Detection of Endogenous Phthalates in Bacterial Pathogens of Plants and Animals.

The endogenous esters of orthophthalic acid, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), have been first detected in bacterial pathogens of plants (Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus, Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum, Rhizobium rhizogenes, Rhizobium radiobacter) and bacterial pathogens of animal (Escherichia coli).

[The recording of human fibroblast metabolism in vitro by the chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of the metabolites excreted]. / Registratsiia metabolizma fibroblastov cheloveka in vitro putem khromato-mass-spektrometricheskogo opredeleniia ékskretiruemykh imi metabolitov.

Metabolites excreted into culture medium by human skin fibroblasts have been studied by high resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Parameters for 29 metabolites have been obtained and 11 of them have been identified. Excreted metabolites reflect activity of certain metabolic processes in fibroblasts. Comparison of chromatographic and mass spectrometric parameters of cellular metabolites with the metabolites excreted with urine revealed that most metabolites excreted from fibroblasts differ from urine metabolites. The possibility for secondary transformation of cell metabolites in organism and specificity of metabolism in different tissues has been discussed.

[Value of the diagnosis of duodenogastric reflux in selecting the method of surgical treatment and predicting its results in patients with duodenal ulcer]. / Znachenie opredeleniia duodenogastra'lnogo refliuksa v vybore sposoba operatsii i prognozirovaniia ee rezu'ltatov u bo'lnykh s iazvennoi bolez'niu dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

A retrospective analysis of results of vagotomy for ulcer disease of the duodenum has revealed substantial dependence of incidence of postoperative complications on duodenogastric reflux.

[Possible mechanisms of the divergent effects of ACTH4--10 and its analog containing the D-isomer of phenylalanine on behavior]. / Vozmozhnye mekhanizmy raznonapravlennogo deistviia AKTG4--10 i ego analoga, soderzhashchego D-izomer fenilalanina, na povedenie.

The effect of two oligopeptides--ACTG4-10 and hexopeptide met-glu-his-D-phen-lis-L-phen (Dphen-GP) on memorizing the situation and on orienting-investigating reaction was studied in albino rats by the method of elaboration of food-procuring habit in T-maze and by the method of "open field". It was shown that these peptides in a dose of 15 mcg/kg with certain periods of administration, have an opposite effect on maze learning but a similar effect on memorizing in the "open field". ACTG4-10 slightly increases motor activity in the "open field", whereas Dphen-GP decreases it considerably. It is suggested that ACTG4-10 improves the formation of trace processes independently of the sign of reinforcement, whereas Dphen-GP selectively enhances defensive reaction and memorizing, connected with negative reinforcement.

[Effect of adrenocorticotropin fragments on the memory of Tenebrio molitor beetles]. / Vliianie fragmentov adrenokortikotropina na pamiat' zhuka Tenebrio molitor.

Fragments of the adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH1-24 and ACTH5-7 facilitate memory in the beetle T. molitor, the effect being observed at different stages after learning. An analogue of ACTH5-7 which contains D-phenylalamine, as well as D-phen7-ACTH4-7, inhibit memorization (the results checked 1 day after learning) and induce some other disturbances in the behaviour of beetles. To the 10th day of learning, the effects of the analogues cannot be distinguished from those of L-Phe7-fragments. The results obtained are compared with the known effect of ACTH fragments on memory in vertebrates.

[Functional morphology of the liver in obstructive jaundice]. / Funktsional'naia morfologiia pecheni pri obturatsionnoi zheltukhe

The conducted clinico-experimental study (an investigation of the functional and morphological state of the liver in impaired bile outflow) indicated different compensatory reactions. It is the authors' opinion that bile congestion in the liver is accompanied with proliferation of bile ducts; a damaging effect of bile components, in the first place bilious acids, is manifested in pericholangitis, periductal fibrosis and later in the development of biliary cirrhosis; alterations of the parenchyma occur secondarily also as a result of the toxic effect of bilous components and show a focal character.

[Cholestatic liver lesions of alcoholic etiology (a morphologic study)]. / Kholestaticheskie porazheniia pecheni alkogol'noi etiologii (morfologicheskoe issledovanie)

Results of histological, histochemical and electron-microscopy studies of puncture-biopsy specimens of the liver of 25 patients with alcoholic hepatitis are discussed. It is shown that acute alcoholic hepatitis develops, develops, as a rule against the background of steatosis and hepatocirrhosis as a result of the previous chronic consumption of alcohol. Lesions of the liver in this disease are of cholestatic character, which was due to the impairment of the metabolism of lipids, cholesterol and biliary acids under the effect of ethanol. The microscopic picture of alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by the presence of Mallory hyalin, intracellular congestion of the bile and predominance of neutrophilic leukocytes in the cell infiltrate. The characteristics make it possible to differentiate alcoholic hepatitis from viral one.