[Propofol: new formulations]. / Propofol: nuevas formulaciones.

Few pharmacologically new anesthetics have appeared in recent years, but great progress has been made toward improving some existing ones. Such is the case with propofol. New formulations have been developed to reduce or avoid adverse side effects associated with the original drug produced by Astra-Zeneca. The unwanted effects for which solutions have been sought are pain upon intravenous injection of the drug, elevated serum concentrations of triglycerides, and the risk of bacterial contamination. Some new formulations contain excipients with bactericidal action, such as propofol with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or metabisulfite, and others use lipuro rather than intralipid. Other more advanced products are propofol in cyclodextrin or IDD-D propofol, which makes use of nanoparticle technology. A grasp of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the original formulation must be the basis for understanding the differences between these new products.

Propofol: nuevas formulaciones / Propofol: new formulations

Desde el punto de vista farmacológico en los últimosaños no han aparecido nuevos fármacos anestésicos,pero si se han producido grandes avances en la farmacologíade alguno de ellos, es el caso del propofol. Estosavances se han producido en aras de minimizar o evitarlos efectos adversos colaterales que van asociados a laadministración de la formulación original de propofol(comercializada por Astra-Zéneca). Los efectos no deseadosque se han intentado solventar son: el dolor a lainyección intravenosa del fármaco, la elevación de laconcentración sérica de triglicéridos y el riesgo de contaminaciónbacteriana. Para ello han aparecido formulacionesque contienen excipientes con acción bactericidacomo es el propofol con EDTA o con metabisulfito, formulacionesque sustituyen el intralipid por lipuro, o formulacionesmás avanzadas como es el propofol en ciclodextrinao que utilizan tecnología de nanopartículascomo el IDD-propofol. Para llegar a comprender lasdiferencias farmacológicas de las distintas formulacioneses preciso conocer las características farmacocinéticas yfarmacodinámicas de la fórmula original, que es la basede estudio del resto de ellas

Few pharmacologically new anesthetics have appearedin recent years, but great progress has been madetoward improving some existing ones. Such is the casewith propofol. New formulations have been developed toreduce or avoid adverse side effects associated with theoriginal drug produced by Astra-Zeneca. The unwantedeffects for which solutions have been sought are painupon intravenous injection of the drug, elevated serumconcentrations of triglycerides, and the risk of bacterialcontamination. Some new formulations contain excipientswith bactericidal action, such as propofol withethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or metabisulfite, andothers use lipuro rather than intralipid. Other moreadvanced products are propofol in cyclodextrin or IDDDpropofol, which makes use of nanoparticle technology.A grasp of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamicsof the original formulation must be the basisfor understanding the differences between these newproducts