ABSTRACT
A case of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) with CT and MRI findings is described. The CT scan showed low densities in the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes. No calcifications were seen. Post-contrast CT showed an abnormal enhancement within the involved white matter. MRI showed changes of demyelination around the atria of the lateral ventricles bilaterally involving the posterior aspect of the cerebrum symmetrically. The posterior part of the posterior corpus callosum, splenium and pyramidal tracts also showed increased signal intensity. From a review of the literature, these findings are typical of the radiological changes seen in ALD. ALD can be diagnosed from typical history and biochemical changes as well as from CT and MRI findings.
Subject(s)
Adrenoleukodystrophy/diagnosis , Child , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A case of osteopetrosis presenting with rare features of dysmorphism with proptosis due to hypoplasia of the orbits and the temporal bone is described. The case also had calcifications in the periventricular regions, the falx cerebri and the corpora colliculi. These features and sonographic findings of osteopetrosis have not been reported previously. The sensitivity and specificity of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of intracranial calcifications is discussed.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Echoencephalography , Osteopetrosis/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Computed tomographic (CT) scan of eight cases of paranasal sinus aspergillosis were reviewed. Different CT patterns were observed such as areas of high densities, linear interlacing network of high density, radiolucent thin rim periphery to the masses, calcification, expansion of involved sinuses and bone erosion. Two cases of invasive type showed extension beyond the sinuses into the orbit and intracranially simulating a malignant tumour. The findings are similar to those described by previous authors. The differential diagnosis is also discussed.
Subject(s)
Aspergillosis/diagnostic imaging , Aspergillus fumigatus/isolation & purification , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Aspergillosis/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/epidemiology , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Saudi Arabia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Computerized tomographic scanning of the brain was performed in 26 infants with Infantile spasms. Majority of the patients, 18 (69%) had some abnormality. Changes noted were cerebral atrophy in 12, calcifications in 5 and dysgenesis of the corpus callosum in 3 patients. One infant each had porencephaly, hydrocephalus and cavum septum pellucidum. Five patients had more than one abnormality simultaneously. Three infants had progressively worsening atrophy on ACTH therapy. Patients with infantile spasms, without any physical or neurological abnormality, are unlikely to have any abnormalities on brain CT scanning (p = less than 0.005).
