Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study.

It is important to study the awareness of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among neonatal care nurses in hospitals. Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies conducted among nurses on this subject in Palestine. Thus, this study purposed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward ROP among neonatal intensive care nurses in Palestine. A cross-sectional was used to conduct this study. A convenience sampling method was utilized to recruit 289 neonate intensive care nurses working in private and governmental hospitals. The findings showed that around 48.0% of the nurses had low knowledge about preventing ROP. Most of the nurses (78%) reported a neutral attitude toward preventing ROP. Moreover, overall nurses' practices regarding ROP were fair (57.1%). There was a difference in practices regarding ROP according to the health sector (P < .05), in which the private sector had better practices compared to the governmental sector. Additionally, there was a significant difference in knowledge regarding ROP according to educational level (P < .05). Also, a significant difference was found in knowledge and practices regarding ROP according to nurses' experience. Attitudes and practices were the main significant predictors of knowledge (B = 0.153, P < .05; B = 0.172, P < .05, respectively). Knowledge and practices were the main predictors of attitudes (B = 0.126, P < .05; B = 469, P < .001), respectively. Knowledge, attitudes, and experience in neonate intensive care nurses were the main significant predictors of practices (B = 0.135, P < .05; B = 0.449, P < .001; B = 0.224, P < .05, respectively). It is necessary to develop an educational program and competency-based training programs for neonate intensive care nurses about ROP and implement preventive strategies.

A retrospective study of the predictors of mortality among patients in intensive care units at North West-Bank hospitals in Palestine.

OBJECTIVES: The intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rate remains high, especially in developing countries, regardless of the advances in critical management. There is a lack of studies about mortality causes in hospitals and particularly ICUs in Palestine.This study evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of critically ill patients and determined the predictors of mortality among patients in the ICU. METHODS: A retrospective study assessed all patients who stayed in the ICU for more than 24 h from January 2017 to January 2019. Data were collected from the patient's files. Patient characteristics (background, clinical variables, and comorbidities) were recorded. RESULTS: The study included 227 eligible ICU patients. The cases' mean age was 55.5 (SD ± 18.2) years. The overall ICU mortality rate was 31.7%. The following factors were associated with high adjusted mortality odds: admission from inside the hospital (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.9, p < 0.05), creatinine level ≥2 mg/dl on admission (aOR, 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3-5.8, p < 0.01), hematology malignancy patients (aOR, 3.4, 95% CI: 1.6-6.7, p = 0.001), immune-compromised (aOR, 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3-4.7, p < 0.01), septic shock (aOR, 27.1, 95% CI: 7.9-88.3, p < 0.001), hospital-acquired infections (aOR: 13.4, 95% CI: 4.1-57.1, p < 0.001), and patients with multiple-source infection (aOR: 16.3, 95% CI: 6.4-57.1, p < 0.001). Also, high SOFA and APACHE scores predicted morality (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The mortality rate among ICU patients was high. It was higher among those admitted from the hospital wards, septic shock, hospital-acquired infection, multiple infection sources, and multi-drug resistance infections. Thus, strategies should be developed to enhance the ICU environment and provide sufficient resources to minimize the effects of these predictors.

The association between psychological reactions, resilience, and work engagement among Palestinian critical care nurses in West Bank.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the association between psychological reactions (e.g., stress, anxiety, and depression), resilience, and work engagement among Palestinian critical care nurses in the West Bank and examine the correlation of psychological reactions and resilience with work engagement. BACKGROUND: Work engagement is associated with psychological reactions and resilience, particularly among critical care nurses. There is a lack of studies on work engagement and these factors in Palestine. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was adopted. A convenience sample consisting of 273 critical care nurses from private and governmental hospitals was recruited to participate. Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CDRS-25), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9), and demographic data were used to collect data during the period from March 20 to May 20, 2023. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated that 53.9% of the nurses reported mild-to-moderate levels of depression, 49.8% reported moderate-to-severe levels of anxiety, and 49.1% reported moderate-to-severe levels of stress. Additionally, 57.5% and 52.7% of them had low resilience and work engagement, respectively. Moreover, work engagement negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.796, P < 0.01), anxiety (r = -0.654, P < 0.01), and stress (r = -0.796, P < 0.01), while positively correlated with resilience (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) and gender (r = 0.121, P < 0.05). Depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, and gender were the main predictors of work engagement. DISCUSSION: The majority of the nurses suffered from depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, more than half of the participants had low resilience and work engagement. Moreover, increased depression, anxiety, and stress were correlated with decreased work engagement, while high resilience and gender as being female positively correlated with high work engagement. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Policymakers and hospital administrators should develop interventions to improve critical care nurses' resilience and minimize psychological reactions, which have a significant influence on work engagement. Future studies should be conducted to examine the effectiveness of these interventions.

Adolescents and type 1 diabetes: A grounded theory on adolescents' experiences of adaptation to type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes influences adolescents' health status and therapeutic management. Adaptation for adolescents with type 1 diabetes is considered a significant issue for this cohort group and is based on many factors, including availability of resources, and family and community support. Thus, this study aimed to explore Palestinian adolescents' experiences of adaptation to type 1 diabetes in the West Bank. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative grounded theory approach was adopted. The purposive sample consisted of fourteen adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The data were collected using semi-structured and face-to-face individual interviews during the period from March to June 2023. A constant comparative method was used to analyze data. FINDINGS: The core category had emerged with categories and subcategories. There were three categories and ten subcategories including difficulties in the management of type 1 diabetes, for example, "insulin injections, dietary management, and control of HbA1c levels", burdens of type1 diabetes, for example, "burden regarding follow-up treatment, the burden of interaction and communication, emotional burden, and economic burden", and fears and worries of unexpected future life, for example, "worries about disease complications, worries regarding social relationships, and worries about marriage and parenthood". CONCLUSION: Adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes suffer from difficult experiences influencing their adaptation to this disease. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Counseling programs concerning self-care management for those adolescents need to be developed in addition to support programs. Health education programs are needed to develop their adaptation and coping skills to these experiences.

The Relationship Between Quality of Life and Depressive Symptoms Among Jordanian Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and quality of life among Jordanian community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. A convenience sample (N = 602) was selected to recruit the participants in the Amman governorate during the period from August to November 2021. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated that the mean (SD) age of older adults was 67.5 (7.0) years and 51.5% of participants were females. Also, 54.1% of the participants experienced moderate to severe depressive symptoms with a total mean (SD) score was 8.57 on a scale of 0 to 15, while the mean (SD) for the quality of life scale was 12.12 (3.85) on a scale of 4 to 20. Significant differences existed in quality of life and depressive symptoms based on marital status (p < .001), educational level (p < .001), working status (p < .01), income (p < .001), and chronic disease (p < .01). Quality of life and its domains were negatively associated with depressive symptoms (B= - 0.596, p < .001). Also, marital status, working, educational level, income, and chronic disease were associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: Strategies to improve quality of life should be promoted to minimize depressive symptoms among older adults and consider significant demographic factors.

Sources of Stress and Coping Behaviors among Nursing Students Throughout Their First Clinical Training.

Introduction: Clinical training allows nursing students to acquire and strengthen their psychomotor abilities, which is an important component of nursing education. The clinical components of nursing training programs were much more demanding than the academic ones. Purposes: The purpose of this study was to examine sources of stress-related and coping behaviors during first clinical training among nursing students in the Arab American University. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and conducted with a convenience sample of 266 participants of nursing students. Data collection was performed by "Perceived Stress Scale and the Coping Behavior Inventory." The data were analyzed by using the descriptive, that is, frequency and percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Results: The results revealed that the perceived stress mean was 41.2 (SD = 19.5). The main stressors were taking care of the patients (M = 11.4 ± 0.85) and teachers and nursing staff (M = 8.32 ± 5.3). Coping behaviors mean was (M = 29.0 ± 15.2). The main coping behavior was problem-solving (M = 9.5 ± 5.6). Conclusion: The study confirmed that students perceived moderate levels of stress in their first clinical training, and the most common sources of stress were taking care of the patients and teachers and nursing staff. However, the main coping behavior was problem-solving.

The relationship between perceived management commitment to safety, psychological empowerment, and safety performance among emergency nurses in Jordan.

PURPOSE: Nurses are susceptible to unfavorable effects of workplace accidents and injuries, therefore, perceived management commitment to safety and psychological empowerment can help nurses to participate in safety measures and adhere to safety performance. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived management commitment to safety, psychological empowerment, and safety performance among emergency nurses in Jordan. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used and 306 registered nurses working in the emergency department in Jordanian governmental hospitals were recruited. A self-structured questionnaire consisting of the perceived management commitment to safety scale, psychological empowerment scale, and safety performance scale was used to collect data during the period from July 2022 to August 2022. RESULTS: The findings demonstrated that the levels of study variables revealed as follows: the perceived management commitment to safety mean was 3.1 (SD = 0.66) out of 5, which indicated an acceptable level, the mean score of psychological empowerment was 5.37 (SD = 0.94) out of 7, which reflected that the nurses perceived the work environment to be psychologically empowered, and the mean score for safety performance was 4.02 (SD = 0.56) out of 5, which indicated an acceptable level of safety performance among the participants, and the mean for subscales (safety compliance and participation) was 4.07 (SD = 0.57) and 3.93 (SD = 0.69) out of 5, respectively. Also, there was a positive correlation between safety performance and perceived management commitment to safety (r = 0.334, p < 0.001), and psychological empowerment (r = 0.592, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to implement continuous interventions centered on empowering emergency nurses psychologically, which has a positive effect on safety performance. Given management's commitment to safety as a priority topic of discussion at group meetings creating a work environment that encourages nurses' safety performance should be encouraged.

Medication adherence among patients with cardiovascular diseases: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Medication adherence has been recognised as one of the greatest areas to improve health outcomes and reduce health expenditure. Poor medication adherence has multifactorial causes that need to be understood. Aim: To determine the levels of medication adherence and examine the factors associated with medication adherence among patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used to conduct this study. A convenience sample was used to recruit 250 patients with CVDs from outpatient clinics of Jordanian hospitals. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, in addition to sociodemographic and clinical-related factors during the period from June to September 2019. Results: It was found that the total mean score of medication adherence was 2.84 (standard deviation = 1.9), which reflected low adherence. A significant positive correlation was found between medication adherence and marital status and the number of diseases. However, smoking was negatively correlated with medication adherence. Smoking was the predictor of medication adherence. Conclusions: Medication adherence among patients with CVDs needs to be improved. Thus, healthcare professionals should develop strategies and interventions based on identifying factors to enhance medication adherence among those patients.

Social support as the mediator for the relationship between internet gaming disorder and psychological problems among university students.

BACKGROUND: There has been increasing recognition of internet gaming disorder as a psychiatric problem that is linked with serious impairment and distress and correlated with psychological reactions and social consequences. Thus, this study proposed that psychological problems (stress, anxiety, and depression) and social support could be associated with IGD and social support had a mediating role between these psychological problems and IGD among university students in Jordan. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was adopted. The university students (N = 1020) were selected randomly from four universities (two public and two private) in Jordan. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect data using the Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20 Test), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), Multidimensional Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and sociodemographic data. FINDINGS: Findings of this study found that the mean age of the participants was 21.38 (S.D ± 2.12) and 55.9% of them were males The prevalence of internet gaming disorder was 12.16% among the participants, where the cut-off point for internet gaming disorder was 71 out of 100. Internet gaming disorder was significantly correlated with stress, anxiety, social support, and depression. However, stress, anxiety, and social support had a direct effect on internet gaming disorder, while social support had the strongest effect on internet gaming disorder. It was found that social support had a mediating role between anxiety and stress (ß = -0.172, T-Statistics = 3.92, p < 0.001; ß = -0.268, T-Statistics = 5.45, p < 0.001, respectively) and internet gaming disorder (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study can help policymakers and instructors develop health education programs and/or health training programs that focus on using social support as a coping method when experiencing psychological problems including stress and anxiety and adopt social support in management programs for excessive use of internet gaming.

Psychological Reactions of Lebanese Nurses to Workplace Violence in Critical Care Units.

Introduction: Workplace violence (WPV) is a growing concern that constitutes a major threat to occupational health and safety, thereby comprising a priority issue for policymakers. Given the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and comorbidities among the Lebanese population, nurses working in critical care settings encounter intense workloads and high-risk interactions, potentially increasing the risk of WPV. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the traumatic and psychological reactions of Lebanese critical nurses who have been exposed to WPV, and the risk factors for depression and anxiety. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design; 112 critical care nurses from diverse departments took part in this study during the period of June to July 2021. Results: A positive, significant correlation between WPV exposure and self-reported anxiety was observed, p = .03 with high levels of WPV, especially among patients and their families. Although verbal abuse was found to be more prevalent among critical care nurses in Lebanon compared to physical and sexual violence, the severity of the situation and its impact on the nurses' mental health and well-being cannot be ignored. Conclusions: WPV for critical care nurses is a serious issue that needs to be considered. Policy-makers should develop the politics of regulating the nursing profession, especially for critical care nurses in Lebanon.

Factors correlating with self-care behaviors among patients with coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In Palestine, there is a lack of studies that examined self-care behaviors among patients with coronary artery disease in outpatient clinics.Objective: This study purposed to evaluate self-care behaviors, examine the relationship between self-care behaviors and selected sociodemographic and psychosocial factors (e.g. depression, anxiety, stress, and social support), and self-efficacy, and determine predictors of self-care behaviors among patients with coronary artery disease in outpatient clinics in the West Bank/Palestine.Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted.Methods: A total of 430 Palestinian adult patients suffering from coronary artery disease attended outpatient clinics were recruited. A self-reported questionnaire consisting of the following tools: Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21, Sullivian's Self-efficacy scale, and Multidimensional Social Support Scale was used to collect data during the period from the beginning of April to the beginning of July 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson's and Point-biserial correlation tests and multiple linear regression) were used for analyzing data.Results: The patients reported low self-care behaviors levels and high self-efficacy levels. The psychosocial reactions endorsed by the patients were 86.3% for depression, 76.3% for anxiety, 43.3% for stress, and 98.6% had moderate and normal social support. A positive correlation was found between self-care behaviors and age (r = 0.160, p < 0.01), duration of disease (r = 0.095, p < 0.05), self-efficacy (r = 0.443, p < 0.01), and social support (r = 0.266, p < 0.01). Self-efficacy (B = 0.401, p < 0.01), social support (B = 0.160, p < 0.01), and age (B = 0.109, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of self-care behaviors in those patients.Conclusion: Low self-care behaviors were a significant issue among patients with coronary artery disease in outpatient clinics. This study may help healthcare professionals develop health promotion programs for patients with coronary artery disease to improve self-care behaviors.

Effect of incredible years autism spectrum and language delays (IY-ASD) program on stress and behavioral management skills among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Palestine.

PURPOSE: This study purposed to evaluate the effect of the Incredible Years Autism Spectrum and Language Delays (IY-ASD) program in reducing parents' stress and improving aggressive and disruptive behaviors in the parents among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Palestine. DESIGN AND METHODS: A one-group pre-posttest design was used. Thirty-four parents who enrolled in the Palestinian Child Institute in Nablus were recruited. RESULTS: Findings revealed a significant difference between parents' total stress pre and post-IY-ASD (t = 1.2, p < 0.01 and parents' behavioral management skills toward their children with autism spectrum disorder. The study demonstrated that the IY-ASD program for 16 sessions reduced stress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Palestine and improved aggressive and disruptive behaviors in the parents. CONCLUSION: The IY-ASD program can be successfully implemented for parents of this cohort group. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Healthcare providers can adopt such a program for enhancing parenting roles with their children experiencing autism spectrum disorder.

Self-awareness, empathy, and patient-centered care among critical care nurses in Jordan.

Self-awareness, empathy, and patient-centered care are essential components for nurses for improving nurse-patient relationship and providing high-quality care for the patients. There is limited research regarding these components among critical care nurses in Arab countries, including Jordan. Thus, this study purposed to evaluate the self-awareness, empathy, and patient-centered care among critical care nurses in Jordan. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was applied. Data were collected from 140 registered nurses from six hospitals in different health sectors. Findings showed that the mean scores for self-awareness, empathy and patient-centered care were as follows: 1.92 (SD = 0.27), 4.87 (SD = 0.88), and 3.71 (SD = 0.80), respectively. These results indicate that nurses had a high level of self-awareness and empathy and a low level of patient-centered care. There was no relationship between self-awareness and socio-demographic variables, perceived stress, and social support. Also, there was a positive relationship between empathy and social support (r = 0.310, p < 0.001). Patient-centered care had a positive relationship with social support (r = 0.202, p < 0.05) and perceived stress (r = 0.175, p < 0.05), also, male nurses had higher patient-centered care than female encounters. Social support was a predictor of empathy, while social support and perceived stress were the main predictors for patient-centered care. The results of the study reflect the need for educational programs to promote self-awareness and empathy to enhance patient-centered care and achieve high-quality patient care. Additionally, correlating factors with PCC (social support and perceived stress) should be taken into consideration upon implementing any interventional programs.

Perception of Nurses' Knowledge about Palliative Care in West Bank/ Palestine: Levels and Influencing Factors.

Objective: Healthcare professionals particularly nurses should be professionally prepared with knowledge about the standards of palliative care and their roles in providing palliative care. Nurses' knowledge about palliative care and influencing factors has not been examined adequately in Arab countries including Palestine. Thus, this study aimed to assess the adequacy of knowledge level and influencing factors (socio-demographic) about palliative care among nurses in West Bank/ Palestine. Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized. A cluster random sampling method was applied to select 12 hospitals from the three regions in West Bank. Then, four hospitals were selected from each region using a simple random method. All registered nurses working in critical care units and medical and surgical wards in the selected hospitals were recruited. The sample consists of 424 registered nurses and data were collected using Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing (PCQN). Results: The Findings revealed that nurses' level of knowledge about palliative care was low/inadequate (M = 7.75, SD = 2.96). Knowledge about palliative care was influenced by age (B = -.106; p < 0.05), gender (B = -.223; p < 0.001), and hospital ward (B = -.597; p < 0.001), in which younger nurses, females, and those who work in critical care units reported higher levels of knowledge about palliative care. Conclusions: Findings of this study emphasized the need for developing educational and training courses, seminars, and workshops on palliative care to increase nurses' knowledge in order to enhance the quality of patient care. Also, policymakers should develop national strategic plans and policies regarding palliative care and apply these plans in all hospitals in West Bank/ Palestine.

Postpartum depression among first-time Jordanian mothers: levels and associated factors.

Postpartum depression among first-time mothers is a sensitive issue and few studies were conducted related to this topic in developing countries including Jordan. Thus, this study purposed to assess postpartum depression levels and associated factors among Jordanian first-time mothers. A cross-sectional design was adopted, and 193 postpartum first-time mothers living in Amman governorate were recruited. A questionnaire consisting of two parts was used to record data, sociodemographic and maternal health, and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Findings showed that 34.1% of the women experienced postpartum depression. The employment, gravida, antenatal health problems, breastfeeding problems, newborn health problems, and availability of assistance during the postpartum period significantly correlated with postpartum depression. Thus, the understanding of postpartum depression and related factors would provide important empirical evidence for healthcare professionals and policy-makers when planning to develop strategies and measures to minimize postpartum depression among first-time mothers.

Knowledge, Skills, and Practices of Triage among Emergency Nurses in Jordan.

PURPOSE: The importance of knowledge, skills, and practices of nurses makes abridge for a higher quality of care provided to patients. This study purposed to assess the levels of knowledge, skills, and practices of patient triage among emergency nurses in Jordan. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational, observational design was utilized to assess the levels of knowledge, skills, and practices of patients' triage among emergency nurses working in triage at emergency departments in Jordan. A convenience sample of 125 registered nurses were recruited from triage units of three health sectors in the middle region of Jordan; government, educational, and private. RESULTS: The findings revealed that 88.8% of nurses had sufficient knowledge of triage, 84.8% had moderate triage skills, and 88.8% demonstrated good triage practices. There was a statistically significant positive association between triage knowledge, emergency experience, and triage training course. A significant positive association was found between triage skills, emergency experience, triage experience, and triage training course. Also, triage practices had a significant positive association with triage experience and triage training course. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to develop nursing policies that consider triage as a baseline training program for all emergency nurses. Also, triage training programs should be conducted and take into consideration the associated factors to enhance emergency nurses' knowledge, skills, and practices of triage in order to improve quality of care and patients' outcomes.

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Anxiety Among Male Nursing Students Undergoing Maternity Clinical Training.

Introduction: Student in a maternity nursing program must be engaged in practical training and they must be well prepared and directed along the way to becoming qualified professionals. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among male nursing students undergoing maternity clinical training. Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre-post study was conducted on nursing at Arab American University Palestine. The sample of the study consisted of 48 male nursing students enrolled in the maternity nursing course. They were selected through convenience sampling. This study was conducted on one group of male nursing students that received Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation exercise for five consecutive days per week. The S-anxiety scale (STAI Form Y-1) was applied to collect data before and after the intervention. Results: The magnitude of anxiety reduction after the progressive muscle relaxation exercise was greater than before (t (47) = 21.2, p < .05). Conclusion: The current study's findings indicated the influence of progressive muscle relaxation on maternity clinical setting anxiety reduction among male nursing students.

Patients' Perception of Quality Nursing Care and Services in Emergency Department in Jordan.

Patients are the main users of every hospital service particularly the emergency department. Hence, patients' perception is one of the quality care measures. Thus, this study purposed to assess the patients' perception of quality nursing care and services in emergency department in Jordan. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was adopted on a sample of patients who attended the emergency department (N = 427). Findings demonstrated that most of the health sectors in Jordan had a high level of patients' perception of quality nursing care and related emergency department services (M = 3.93, SD = 0.72). Furthermore, the private sector had the highest mean score (M = 4.18, SD= 0.70), while the government sector had the lowest mean (M = 3.11, SD= 0.38). The level of perception had positive relationship with income (r = 0.097; p < 0.05) and qualifications (r p.b = 0.093; p < 0.05). The number of visits showed a significant negative correlation with patients' perception level (r = - 0.095; p < 0.05). Thus, there is a need for improving the quality of nursing care and services in the emergency department at hospitals by strengthening the policy and enhancing the nursing services supporting system. Establishing plans to develop the infrastructures, equipment, physical environment, sanitation, and facilities in the emergency department to meet the patients' needs to enhance the quality of care and services are needed.

Effect of Educational Program on Knowledge, Skills, and Personal Preparedness for Disasters Among Emergency Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Continuous nursing education has a significant correlation with increasing knowledge, improving skills, and personal preparedness for disasters among nurses which leads to a decrease in mortality rate and enhances the quality of care. However, there is limited literature evaluating the effect of educational programs on the knowledge, skills, and personal preparedness for disaster preparedness among emergency nurses at Arab countries including, Jordan. This study evaluated the effect of an educational program on knowledge, skills, and personal preparedness for disasters among emergency nurses. A quasi-experimental study and one-group pretest-posttest design was used. A convenience sample was adopted to recruit registered nurses who are working in emergency rooms in the private and government health sectors in Jordan (N = 50). This study was conducted between May and June 2021. The intervention included an educational program consisting of 5 topics about disasters. The participants attended this program for 8 h over 1 week via Zoom application. There were significant differences between the pre-post educational intervention for knowledge (t = 4.79, P ≤ .001), skills (t = 6.66, P ≤ .001), and personal preparedness (t = 9.56, P ≤ .001) for disasters. These findings suggested the importance of implementing continuous education and training programs for emergency nurses about disasters due to increasing frequency of disasters worldwide.

The Willingness of the Healthcare Professionals Working in Healthcare Institutions to Accept the First Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Jordan: A National Survey.

Health workers play an important part as role models, advocates for vaccination, vaccinators and educators in a community. Furthermore, they are at high risk of being infected with COVID-19 as they are on the frontlines. Thus, this study purposed to determine the willingness of the healthcare professionals working in healthcare institutions to accept the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine in Jordan. A cross-sectional design and a convenience-sampling method were used to recruit the study population from different healthcare sectors. A web-based survey was used to collect data. Findings showed that 1594 healthcare professionals responded and 74% of them were aged less than 45 years. Almost 65% of the respondents were registered nurses and 68.4% of them were married. A total of 94.9% of the participants heard about the COVID-19 vaccine, but only 56.5% of them had had the opportunity to attend lectures/discussions about COVID-19 vaccine. Official government websites were the primary source of obtaining information about COVID-19 (36.3%). The willingness of acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine was 63%. There were positive correlations between vaccine acceptance and compliance toward COVID-19 infection control precautions (r = 0.119, p < 0.01), knowledge about COVID-19 (r = 0.256, p < 0.01), age (r = 0.170, p < 0.01), and years of experience (r = 0.105, p < 0.01). Furthermore, age, knowledge, and compliance were significant predictors of the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, it is necessary to develop specific interventions for healthcare professionals with low acceptance rates and take into consideration the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Further research is needed to explore the factors influencing the refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine by healthcare professionals.