ABSTRACT
Albendazole is a poorly water soluble drug, with low oral bioavailability, used in pharmacological treatment of a systemic disease as hydatid parasitosis. Lipidic matrices of Gelucires (44/14 and 35/02) were developed. After "in vitro" studies, one formulation was chosen for a single dose study in 8 healthy volunteers, with a cross-over and randomised design, taking a commercially available tablet as reference. Drug absorption was followed by albendazole sulphoxide dosage in urine by high pressure liquid chromatography. Neither albendazole nor albendazole sulphoxide were recovered in urine after tablet administration while 0.18% (+/- 0.06) of dose was recovered after lipidic matrix administration in the first 24 hours. Besides ageing control were performed up to 18 months post-elaboration. Lipidic matrix with Gelucire 44/14 was revealed as a promising attempt for oral pharmaceutical form in albendazole systemic treatment.
Subject(s)
Albendazole/administration & dosage , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Adult , Albendazole/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Anthelmintics/pharmacokinetics , Biological Availability , Cross-Over Studies , Double-Blind Method , Drug Stability , Echinococcosis/drug therapy , Humans , Polyethylene GlycolsABSTRACT
As albendazole sulphoxide (ABZS) shows better dissolution properties than albendazole (ABZ), a lipidic matrix with this drug was formulated in order to evaluate if its absorption and so systemic infection chemotherapy could be improved. A cross-over, randomised study in 8 healthy volunteers was carried out, after single administration of 1 g of albendazole or albendazole sulphoxide in lipidic matrix of Gelucire 44/14 (ABZLM and ABZSLM). Absorption was followed performing albendazole sulphoxide dosage in urine samples by high pressure liquid chromatography analysis, during 48 hours. Significant differences were found (p = 0.02) between the urinary recoveries (% E48), being 1.74% and 0.19% the percentage of dose recovered when ABZSLM or of ABZLM were respectively administered. In a previous study of our group similar values were obtained of urinary recovery percentages after albendazole sulphoxide powder administered to another group of healthy volunteers. Lipidic matrix does not improve the physicochemical properties of albendazole sulphoxide powder.
Subject(s)
Albendazole/analogs & derivatives , Anthelmintics/pharmacokinetics , Adult , Albendazole/administration & dosage , Albendazole/pharmacokinetics , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Cross-Over Studies , Double-Blind Method , HumansABSTRACT
We have presented a rare case of pulmonary tumor microemboli from adenocarcinoma of the colon. The majority of primary tumors are adenocarcinomas, with gastric, breast, and liver carcinomas most frequently identified. Dyspnea and respiratory distress without an obvious cause is common. The history, physical examination, chest roentgenogram, ventilation-perfusion lung scan, and pulmonary angiogram are often not helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Pulmonary hypertension, present in our patient, and cor pulmonale are well described in association with diffuse pulmonary tumor microemboli. The pathologic findings are limited to the intravascular compartment exclusively, frequently in association with thrombus. The true incidence of pulmonary tumor microemboli is not known and may be underestimated. Appropriate management requires a high index of suspicion to establish the diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/complications , Colonic Neoplasms/complications , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology , Pulmonary Embolism/etiology , Pulmonary Embolism/pathology , RadiographyABSTRACT
Because lateral position can be used to locate a pulmonary artery catheter tip in lung regions where venous pressure exceeds alveolar pressure, we studied the effect of lateral position on the correlation between pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (Pw) and left atrial pressure (Pla) at various increments of positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP). In ten normal anesthetized pigs, catheters were placed in the left atrium and right and left pulmonary arteries; simultaneous measurements of Pla and Pw from both catheters were obtained in the supine, right lateral, and left lateral positions. Pw obtained in the lateral position when the catheter tip was vertically located below the left atrium ("lower") more accurately reflected Pla changes than Pw obtained from catheters above the left atrium, at PEEP levels less than 20 cm H2O. Although most catheter tips were located below the left atrium in the supine position, our data from the lower catheter more accurately assessed Pla than did the Pw obtained in the supine position; this was particularly evident when the catheter tip was located vertically above the left atrium. These findings suggest that the lateral position can be useful in measuring Pw during continuous positive-pressure ventilation. However, further studies in humans are needed before this maneuver can be recommended.
Subject(s)
Atrial Function , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Pulmonary Wedge Pressure , Animals , Critical Care/methods , SwineABSTRACT
PEEP may decrease regional perfusion to nondependent lung regions, thereby creating different zones of thermal dissipation in dependent and nondependent zones of the lung. Under these conditions, the measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution may, thus, be influenced by the vertical position of the pulmonary artery catheter in the lung. We investigated this hypothesis in 7 healthy, anesthetized pigs by comparing cardiac output measurements from thermistors located in dependent and nondependent lung regions at varying levels of PEEP. Our data from thermistors in these 2 positions were similar, suggesting that the measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution is not influenced by the vertical position of the thermal sensor with respect to the left atrium.
