ABSTRACT
Background: Xenophobia has been in existence for centuries, though subtle and not too pronounced as of recent years. It has now pervaded all spheres including businesses, academia and industries. Previous studies have found it to be disruptive both to organizations and employees. Purpose: To explore acts of xenophobia among nurse educators, underpinned by the frustration and aggression theory. Method: A qualitative study involving twenty-five nurse educators in Botswana was carried out between July 2019 and August 2020. Open-ended semi-structured questions were used to collect face to face in-depth interviews from participants. Findings: Dehumanizing comments, labelling and discrimination were the three themes that emerged from interpretative analysis. Affected persons were mostly foreign nationals and people of different ethnic groupings. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is need for a policy that addresses acts of xenophobia and an intervention to mitigate acts of xenophobia.
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: Home remedies are understood to mean medications or tonics prepared at home to treat certain ailments without any prescription or professional supervision. Reliance on home remedies increased during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this integrative review was to identify home remedies used to treat and prevent COVID-19 and discuss implications for nursing practice and health related to the safety and efficacy of home remedies. Methods: Cooper's integrative review method guided this study to identify home remedies used to prevent and treat COVID-19. Google Scholar, BMC, EBSCOhost, Medline, Academic Search Ultimate, Web of Science Core Collections, Science Direct and Global Health were used to search for relevant information on the use of COVID-19 home remedies from 2019 to 2022. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist was used to select studies that had to be included. The eligibility criteria included studies on home remedies, written in English from 2019 to 2022. Findings of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods research were extracted, and narrative thematic data synthesis was applied. Results: Eleven articles which met the inclusion criteria were found in nine countries: Ghana (1), South Africa (1), Tanzania (1), Togo (1) and Zimbabwe (1), Bangladesh (1), Hong Kong (1), India (2), Iran (1), and Pakistan (1). Findings showed that home remedies are used for the prevention of COVID-19 infection, treatment of COVID-19, and boosting immunity. Conclusions: Home remedies have been found to be more pronounced across all sectors and social strata. More research is needed on the use of home remedies for life-threatening outbreaks. Policymakers and healthcare workers are challenged to encourage the use of home remedies in the prevention of other ailments and epidemics that might occur in the future.
ABSTRACT
Society has always understood individuals with intellectual disabilities from a stance of deficiency, resulting in limited expectations and prospects for school-going adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The study used the social model of disability to explore teachers' perceptions of enablers to enhance school-based adolescents with intellectual disabilities' learning and took cognisance of a wave of policies aimed at including adolescents with intellectual disabilities in mainstream education. A qualitative narrative approach was used for the study. Using a narrative methodological framework, unstructured interview questions were posed to elicit teachers' perceptions of enablers to enhance adolescents with intellectual disabilities' learning. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select teachers working with school-based learners with intellectual disabilities. Five themes emerged from the analysis: therapeutic setting; learners' resilience; parental support; teaching strategies; and community involvement as enablers for enhancing learning for adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Policy implications are also provided in the study.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Studies on preparedness of parents of adolescents living with intellectual disabilities transitioning from school to adulthood are scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explored views of parents on their preparedness to handle adolescents transitioning from special schools to adulthood. METHODS: Descriptive qualitative method was used to collect views of parents of adolescents with intellectual disability on their preparedness to handle transition of their children from school into community life. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. FINDINGS: Twelve female and two male participants expressed concerns on lack of transition plans, adolescent's future, culture and beliefs and inadequate community support. Views of parents of younger children and those of parents of older children were similar. CONCLUSION: Parents were unprepared for transition of their children from school to community life. Multidisciplinary approach including family involvement and community support is necessary to enhance the transition of adolescents with intellectual disability.
