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1.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 5(5): e1182, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21655312

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Accidents caused by Loxosceles spider may cause severe systemic reactions, including acute kidney injury (AKI). There are few experimental studies assessing Loxosceles venom effects on kidney function in vivo. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In order to test Loxosceles gaucho venom (LV) nephrotoxicity and to assess some of the possible mechanisms of renal injury, rats were studied up to 60 minutes after LV 0.24 mg/kg or saline IV injection (control). LV caused a sharp and significant drop in glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and urinary output and increased renal vascular resistance, without changing blood pressure. Venom infusion increased significantly serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase. In the LV group renal histology analysis found acute epithelial tubular cells degenerative changes, presence of cell debris and detached epithelial cells in tubular lumen without glomerular or vascular changes. Immunohistochemistry disclosed renal deposition of myoglobin and hemoglobin. LV did not cause injury to a suspension of fresh proximal tubules isolated from rats. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Loxosceles gaucho venom injection caused early AKI, which occurred without blood pressure variation. Changes in glomerular function occurred likely due to renal vasoconstriction and rhabdomyolysis. Direct nephrotoxicity could not be demonstrated in vitro. The development of a consistent model of Loxosceles venom-induced AKI and a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the renal injury may allow more efficient ways to prevent or attenuate the systemic injury after Loxosceles bite.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology , Arachnida/pathogenicity , Kidney/pathology , Kidney/physiopathology , Spider Venoms/toxicity , Acute Kidney Injury/pathology , Animals , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Histocytochemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Kidney/physiology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Renal Circulation , Urodynamics
2.
PloS neglected tropical diseases ; 5(5): 1-5, May 31, 2011.
Article in English | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBACERVO | ID: biblio-1065513

ABSTRACT

Accidents caused by Loxosceles spider may cause severe systemic reactions, including acute kidney injury(AKI). There are few experimental studies assessing Loxosceles venom effects on kidney function in vivo.In order to test Loxosceles gaucho venom (LV) nephrotoxicity and to assess some of the possible mechanisms of renal injury, rats were studied up to 60 minutes after LV 0.24 mg/kg or saline IV injection (control). LV caused a sharp and significant drop in glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and urinary output and increased renal vascular resistance, without changing blood pressure. Venom infusion increased significantly serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase. In the LV group renal histology analysis found acute epithelial tubular cells degenerative changes, presence of cell debris and detached epithelial cells in tubular lumen without glomerular or vascular changes.Immunohistochemistry disclosed renal deposition of myoglobin and hemoglobin. LV did not cause injury to a suspension of fresh proximal tubules isolated from rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Spiders/classification , Kidney/physiopathology , Kidney/blood supply , Spider Venoms/chemical synthesis , Spider Venoms/toxicity , Nephrons/physiopathology , Rhabdomyolysis/complications , Vasoconstriction
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