Diode Laser versus Conventional Surgical Circumferential Supracrestal Fiberotomy in Preventing Relapse of Orthodontically Derotated Teeth: A Randomised Control Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a diode laser (810 nm) for circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy compared with conventional surgical circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy in preventing rotational relapse in orthodontically treated cases. Methods: Seventy-six patients (age range from 18-25 years) with mandibular crowding ranging between 5-8 mm and rotation >10˚ (from the individualized arch form) treated non-extraction with a straight wire appliance (McLaughlin, Bennet, Trevisi; 0.022 inch) prescription were selected for the study. The patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 22 patients each: Group 1 (Control group-No circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy), Group 2 (Conventional circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy), and Group 3 (diode laser circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy). After leveling and alignment up to "0.019x0.025" stainless steel wire, the arch wire was removed for a period of 1 month. Impressions were made and the poured casts were scanned. The 3D models (.STL files) were evaluated for changes in the irregularity index and rotational relapse. Results: One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test were used for data analysis. Group 1 (Control group) showed greater relapse in both irregularity index and rotation angulations in comparison with Groups 2 and 3, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in irregularity index and rotational relapse between Group 2 and Group 3 (p=0.35 for irregularity index, and p=0.41 for rotational relapse). Conclusion: The control group showed significantly more relapse than both circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy groups. Both conventional and diode laser circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy decreased the relapse tendency.

A clinical comparative study using anchorage from mini-implants and conventional anchorage methods to retract anterior teeth.

BACKGROUND: Proclined teeth has been one of the main reasons for compromised esthetics. In a patient with proclined anteriors, retraction is done after 1st premolar extraction. Absolute/maximum anchorage is required to achieve the best esthetics. OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study with the aim of retracting the proclined maxillary anterior teeth and to check for efficient retraction, type of tooth movement during retraction, and amount of anchorage loss. METHODS: Patients with proclined anterior teeth where therapeutic extraction of first premolars is required were included in the study, where anchorage was taken with mini-implants in one group, and in the second group, conventional anchorage method of 1st and 2nd molar banding with TPA was chosen. Each group consisted of 8 subjects. Lateral cephalogram was taken both preretraction and 4 months after starting retraction to compare anchor loss, rate of retraction, and type of tooth movement of retracted anteriors, in both groups. RESULTS: The retraction in the implant group was more than in the conventional group and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Anchorage loss was seen to be greater in conventional group than in the implant group and was also significant statistically. The type of tooth movement of the anterior teeth on retraction was also compared, with the implant group showing predominantly controlled tipping and the conventional group showing uncontrolled tipping movement.

Comparative evaluation of T-Loop with different amount of pre-activation curvatures in lingual orthodontics- A finite element study.

INTRODUCTION: Three-dimensional analysis of the moment, force and M/F ratio generated at the anterior and posterior region of the T-loop in five different groups of pre-activation curvatures using the finite element method. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In this study, the geometric model of maxilla was constructed using a CBCT scan. The bracket system simulated was of the STb lingual bracket system from Ormco (0.18slot) with specified tip and torque values of all maxillary teeth and the arch wire used was 0.016″x 0.016″ TMA (Ormco) for fabrication of T-loop with dimensions of 6 â€‹× â€‹2 â€‹× â€‹7 â€‹mm. There were five different models generated with pre-activation of: 20°,30°,40°,50° and 60° in T-loop. The software used for the post-processing of the model was ANSYS Workbench 19.2. RESULT: When the amount of pre-activation of T-loop increased there was an increase in the moment, force and M/F ratio in all the five groups in lingual biomechanics. CONCLUSION: Although, the M/F ratio depicts the type of movement that will take place is uncontrolled tipping in all the five pre-activation groups, clinically we should give pre-activation ranging from 30° to 60° in T-loop in lingual orthodontics.

Evaluation of temperature rise in the pulp during various IPR techniques-an in vivo study.

BACKGROUND: Non-extraction treatment protocol has gained a lot of popularity over extraction for orthodontic treatment. Interproximal enamel reduction is one such method that makes it possible to do orthodontic treatment without extractions. This procedure, which can be done by various techniques, leads to a rise in the temperature of the pulp of the teeth. Previously, studies have been done which have evaluated the temperature changes inside the pulp chamber of extracted teeth, during interproximal enamel reduction. However, no documented literature exists that has evaluated these changes in the live pulp of the teeth whilst interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) is being performed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the temperature changes inside the live pulp of the teeth during various interproximal enamel reduction techniques in vivo. AIMS: Evaluation of temperature rise in the pulp during various interproximal enamel reduction techniques, done in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study was performed on patients for whom extraction of premolars had been advised for their orthodontic treatment. Fifty-one premolar teeth were randomly divided into three groups of IPR, i.e. using airotor and bur, handheld metal strip and orthodontic IPR kit (oscillating system). IPR was performed on the mesial and distal sides after access opening, temperature change was recorded during IPR and the readings were compared. The Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized for checking whether the data satisfied the requirement of normal distribution. RESULTS: The highest temperature rise was seen in group 1 in which interproximal enamel reduction was performed using airotor and bur. The minimum temperature rise was observed in group 2 in which interproximal enamel reduction was done using the handheld metal strip, whereas the temperature rise observed in group 3, in which interproximal enamel reduction was done using IPR kit, was between the range of group 1 and group 3. The temperature change was in the following order-group 1 (2.08 °C) > group 3 (1.22 °C) > group 2 (0.52 °C). CONCLUSION: None of the methods used to perform interproximal enamel reduction caused a temperature increase more than 5.5 °C, beyond which pulp necrosis may occur. Therefore, all three methods used in the study for IPR were found to be safe.

Treatment of Class II Division 2 Pattern Malocclusion Using Protraction Utility Arch in a Prepubertal Patient: A Clinical Case Report.

Class II malocclusions are one of the most commonly encountered problems in orthodontics. A class II division 2 type of malocclusions is one in which there is distocclusion of the molars along with retroclined central incisors. These occur but quite rarely in the practice and not many varieties of treatment modalities have been published in the recent literature. The use of protraction and retraction utility arch has been advocated in the following case along with fixed orthodontic treatment in a prepubertal male child to obtain stable results. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kannan S, Saravanan S, Arora N, et al. Treatment of Class II Division 2 Pattern malocclusion Using Protraction Utility Arch in a Prepubertal Patient: A Clinical Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(4):416-420.

Effectiveness and importance of powered tooth brushes in tooth movement.

INTRODUCTION: Effectiveness of vibratory stimulus from a commonly available battery-powered tooth brush in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement was tested by a randomized controlled split-mouth study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three subjects with bimaxillary protrusion, requiring extraction of all first premolars and requiring maximum anchorage, were chosen. After initial leveling and aligning, miniscrews were placed between the first molar and the second premolar in the maxillary right and left quadrants and loaded with 150-g nickel-titanium closed-coil springs for individual canine retraction. Additional 5 min of vibratory stimulus thrice daily was applied on the experimental side. The mean treatment duration was 3 months. RESULTS: There was no significant difference of means of the canine distal movement between the experimental and the control sides (P = 0.70). CONCLUSION: Application of vibratory stimulus with powered tooth brush during canine retraction was not seen to have an acceleratory effect on orthodontic tooth movement.