ABSTRACT
Vesicular systems are novel means of delivering drug in controlled manner to enhance bioavailability and get therapeutic effect over a longer period of time. Niosomes are such hydrated vesicular systems containing nonionic surfactants along with cholesterol or other lipids delivering drug to targeted site which are non toxic, requiring less production cost, stable over a longer period of time in different conditions, so overcomes drawbacks of liposome. Present review describes history, all factors affecting niosome formulation, manufacturing conditions, characterization, stability, administration routes and also their comparison with liposome. This review also gives relevant information regarding various applications of niosomes in gene delivery, vaccine delivery, anticancer drug delivery, etc.
Subject(s)
Delayed-Action Preparations/chemistry , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Liposomes/chemistry , Surface-Active Agents/chemistry , Administration, Ophthalmic , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antiparasitic Agents/administration & dosage , Cholesterol/chemistry , Delayed-Action Preparations/pharmacology , Drug Stability , Gene Transfer Techniques , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Leishmaniasis/drug therapy , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Peptides/administration & dosage , Static Electricity , Vaccines/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Alcohol and aqueous extracts from the roots of Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg were investigated for their anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma and Ascardia galli. Various concentrations (10-100 mg/ml) of each extract were tested in the bioassay, which involved determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Both the extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity at highest concentration of 100 mg/ml. Piperazine citrate (10 mg/ml) was included as standard reference and distilled water as control.
