Use of exclusive enteral nutrition is just as effective as corticosteroids in newly diagnosed pediatric Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in induction of remission in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) is reported to be equivalent to that of corticosteroids (CS). AIMS: Our objective was to compare the efficacy of EEN and CS in inducing remission in pediatric onset CD and the effects of the treatment on nutritional status and bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Medical charts were retrospectively studied for patients diagnosed with CD between 2000 and 2010 at the Stollery children's hospital in Edmonton, Alberta. Anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data were collected to assess effects of therapy; clinical remission, relapse, and severity were defined on the basis of the pediatric Crohn's disease activity index. RESULTS: To induce remission at first presentation, 36 patients (mean age 12.9 years) received EEN and 69 (mean age 11.2 years) received CS. Remission (88.9% in the EEN group versus 91.3% in the CS group (p=0.73) at 3 months) and relapse (40.6 vs. 28.6%, respectively (p=0.12) over 12 months) were similar in both treatment groups. Thirty-four patients had paired DXA scans at the time of diagnosis and one year later: 16 given EEN and 18 given CS. Change in BMD spine z-scores based on bone age adjusted for height and chronological age was greater for EEN patients but not statistically significant (Δz-score 0.30 vs. 0.03, p=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: EEN has similar efficacy to corticosteroids; however, EEN may lead to better BMD accrual. EEN should be preferred to corticosteroids as first-line therapy for induction of remission in pediatric CD.

Health-related quality of life in pediatric ulcerative colitis patients on conventional medical treatment compared to those after restorative proctocolectomy.

PURPOSE: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is not well studied in proctocolectomy patients with pediatric onset of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to (1) compare the HRQL of proctocolectomy patients with those treated with conventional therapy and (2) determine factors that influence HRQL in UC patients < 18 years. METHODS: Chart review was done on patients diagnosed with pediatric onset of UC (<18) at the Stollery Children's Hospital. HRQL was evaluated in 88 patients using disease- and age-specific questionnaires; IMPACT III (<18) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ; ≥18). Demographics, disease characteristics, disease index (PUCAI), HRQL EuroQoL visual analog scale (EQ-5D/VAS) were collected and analyzed from all patients. RESULTS: Sixty-five respondents completed the IMPACT III (74 %) and 23 patients completed the IBDQ (26 %). Thirty-three surgical patients (34 %) responded (mean IMPACT III score = 148.9 ± 12.7; mean IBDQ = 171.2 ± 40.1). There was no significant difference in IMPACT III scores of surgical patients vs. medically treated patients (148.9 ± 12.7 vs. 140.6 ± 19.4, p = 0.09). Patients with high IMPACT scores (>143 points) were most likely to be in remission (p = 0.05), they were less likely to be on medication (p < 0.05), have parent/guardian with postsecondary education (p = 0.01), did not suffer from fatigue (p < 0.01), and did not report depression (p < 0.02). The IMPACT correlation with PUCAI (adjusted r (2) = 0.33) and EQ-VAS (adjusted r (2) = 0.45) was strong. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical patients reported to have a HRQL comparable to or better than the nonsurgical patients. Depression, fatigue, parent/guardian education, and drugs influence HRQL.