[Long-term results of the program for preventing ischemic heart disease in Moscow (10-year follow-up study)]. / Otdalennye rezultaty provedeniia programmy mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa v Moskve (10-letnee nabliudenie).

The paper provides the results obtained from implementation of the programme on multifactorial prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Moscow, which provided strong evidence for a reduction in the levels of major risk factors and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease. The efficiency of comprehensive prophylactic measures in persons with clinical signs of CHD showed up at year 3 of their implementation and retains in subsequent years. At the same time in persons without CHD signs a mortality reduction starting at years 4-5 of the follow-up virtually came to an end when a further active intervention ceased. The impact of aftereffect of active prophylactic measures after intervention cessation turned out to be different in the examinees at various baseline risk factor levels, which suggests that continuous prophylaxis should be done, on the one hand, and it requires a differential approach, on the other. The reduction in the extent and mean levels of major risk factors, which had been achieved during a 5-year prophylactic intervention, retained, though it was less pronounced and 10 years later. However, this was followed by an increase in the mortality from myocardial infarction and stroke and their incidence in the population that had undergone active prophylactic measures, though the value of these parameters was lower at the end of the tenth year than in the controls.

[Detection of ischemic heart disease in a survey of a male population 40-59 years of age (data of cooperative studies performed in Moscow, Kaunas, Kiev and Kharkov)]. / Vyiavlenie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa pri obsledovanii muzhskogo naseleniia 40-59 let (dannye kooperativnogo issledovaniia v Moskve, Kaunase, Kieve, Khar'kove).

The authors analyzed the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its various types detected by routine epidemiological methods among the examinees in four cities (Moscow, Kaunas, Kiev, and Kharkov). The results were obtained in the collaboration study, adhering to the rigid standardization of all the procedures applied. Examination of 17, 168 males aged 40-59 years revealed signs of CHD in 13.8%; 3.3% had a history of myocardial infarction; 5.3% suffered from exertional angina without prior myocardial infarction; 5.2% showed a painless course of CHD. The analysis demonstrated that simultaneous use of the standard epidemiological methods is the only way of ensuring a more complete detection of CHD. In different cities, from 36.4 to 60.8% were not aware of the presence of the disease. Secondary preventive measures should involve methods for identifying the major risk factors and eliminating the latter.

[Alcohol consumption habits in a population of 40- to 59-year-old men and its prognostic value in relation to mortality]. / Izuchenie privychki upotrebleniia alkogolia v populiatsii muzhchin 40-59 let i ee prognosticheskaia znachimost' v otnoshenii smertnosti.

Alcohol consumption practice was studied by a method of interview in an unorganized male population aged 40 to 59 investigated by a program of multifactorial CHD prevention. The frequency of spreading of this habit and its intensity were determined. The frequency of alcohol consumption was decreased with age and was associated with the examinees' educational level. Persons consuming alcohol more frequently had raised arterial hypertension and smoked. These factors increased the risk of CHD development which was confirmed by a 5-year prospective study of mortality. Alcohol abusers were characterized by higher rates of general mortality, including that from cardiovascular diseases, traumas and accidents, in particular, alcoholic intoxication.

[Chest pains detected on the basis of the WHO standard questionnaire and their prognostic significance]. / Boli v grudnoi kletke, vyiavlennye na osnovanii standartnogo oprosnika VOZ, i ikh prognosticheskoe znachenie.

A WHO standard questionnaire for the detection of angina pectoris was used in examination of 6914 males aged 40 to 59. The character of the pain syndrome was correlated with risk factor (RF) levels, the prevalence of ECG-signs of ischemic changes, the incidence of cases of myocardial infarction (MI) during a 5-year follow-up period. Examinees with angina pectoris had the highest levels of systolic and diastolic AP, cholesterol, body mass, the highest frequency of lethal and nonlethal MI. Examinees with chest pains resulting from physical exercise but atypical of angina had higher levels of the main RF and ECG-signs of ischemic changes and higher rates (2-fold) of new cases of MI and its mortality as compared to persons without chest pains or with pains unrelated with physical exercise during a 5-year prospective study. This evidence suggests a necessity of a more detailed investigation of the latter group to reach the entire group of CHD patients.